The Dynamics of Electrons in Linear Plasma Devices and Its Impact on Plasma Surface Interaction

The Dynamics of Electrons in Linear Plasma Devices and Its Impact on Plasma Surface Interaction
Author: Michael Hubeny
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 126
Release: 2019-02-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 303012536X

Turbulence in plasma surface interaction holds crucial uncertainties for its impact on material erosion in the operation of fusion reactors. In this thesis, the design, development and operation of a Thomson scattering diagnostic and its novel implementation with fast visual imaging created a versatile tool to investigate intermittently occuring plasma oscillations. Specifically, ballistic transport events in the plasma edge, constituting turbulent transport, have been targeted in this thesis. With the help of a custom photon counting algorithm, the conditional averaging technique was applied on Thomson scattering for the first time to allow spatial and pseudo-time-resolved measurements. Since plasma turbulence and the emerging transport phenomena are comparable in most magnetized devices, the diagnostic development and the results from the linear plasma device PSI-2 are useful for an implementation of similar techniques in larger fusion experiments. Furthermore, the obtained results indicate a strong enhancement of erosion with turbulent transport and thus underline the importance of dedicated experiments investigating plasma turbulence in the framework of erosion in future fusion reactors.

High Performance Computing on Vector Systems 2008

High Performance Computing on Vector Systems 2008
Author: Sabine Roller
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 238
Release: 2008-10-23
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3540858695

This book covers the results obtained in the Tera op Workbench project during a four years period from 2004 to 2008. The Tera op Workbench project is a colla- ration betweenthe High PerformanceComputingCenter Stuttgart (HLRS) and NEC Deutschland GmbH (NEC-HPCE) to support users to achieve their research goals using high performance computing. The Tera op Workbench supports users of the HLRS systems to enable and - cilitate leading edge scienti c research. This is achieved by optimizing their codes and improving the process work ow which results from the integration of diff- ent modules into a “hybrid vector system”. The assessment and demonstration of industrial relevance is another goal of the cooperation. The Tera op Workbench project consists of numerous individual codes, grouped together by application area and developed and maintained by researchers or c- mercial organizations. Within the project, several of the codes have shown the ab- ity to reach beyond the TFlop/s threshold of sustained performance. This created the possibility for new science and a deeper understanding of the underlying physics. The papers in this book demonstrate the value of the project for different scienti c areas.

Study of the Effects of Neutrals in Alcator C-Mod Plasmas

Study of the Effects of Neutrals in Alcator C-Mod Plasmas
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 4
Release: 1999
Genre:
ISBN:

Recently, much effort has been dedicated to understanding the bifurcation involved in the transition from a low to high confinement regime. While several theories have been brought forward, many factors remain to be elucidated, one of which involves the role played by neutral particles in the evolution of a transport barrier near the edge of the plasma. Alcator C-Mod is especially well suited for the study of neutral particle effects, mainly because of its high plasma and neutral densities, and closed divertor geometry. Alcator C-Mod employs ICRF as auxiiiary heating for obtaining a high confinement regime, although ohmic H-modes are routinely obtained as well. The neutrals can enter the edge dynamics through the particle, momentum and energy balance. In the particle balance, the source of neutrals has to be evaluated vis-8-vis the formation of the edge density pedestal. It is widely believed that plasma rotation is an important factor in reducing transport. In this case, neutrals could act as a momentum sink, through the charge-exchange process. That same process can also modify the energy balance of the plasma near the edge by increasing the cross-field heat flux. These effects are quite difficult to measure experimentally, in large part because neutral particle diagnosis is not an easy task, and because of the inherent 3-dimensional aspect of the problem. Consequently, the neutral s spatial and energy distributions are usually not well known. In Alcator C-Mod, we recently implemented a series of diagnostics for the purpose of measuring these distributions. They include measurements of the neutral pressure at many locations around the tokamak, and spatially resolved measurements of Lyman-a and charge-exchange power emission. A high-resolution multichord (20 channels) tangential view of neutral deuterium emission (Lyman-a) has been recently installed near the midplane. The viewing area covers approximately 4 cm across the separatrix, with a nominal 2 mm radial resolution. Standard Abel inversion techniques give the local Lyman-a emission. In conjunction with electron density and temperature, we can infer the local ionization rate and neutral density profiles. Two types of bolometer arrays (16 channels each), one being sensitive and the other insensitive to power carried by neutrals, view the plasma cross-section, tangentially at the midplane of the tokamak. By Abel inverting the difference between the 2 measurements, we infer the local power emissivity carried by neutrals[11].

On the Edge of Magnetic Fusion Devices

On the Edge of Magnetic Fusion Devices
Author: Sergei Krasheninnikov
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 269
Release: 2020-09-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030495949

This book reviews the current state of understanding concerning edge plasma, which bridges hot fusion plasma, with a temperature of roughly one million degrees Kelvin with plasma-facing materials, which have melting points of only a few thousand degrees Kelvin. In a fact, edge plasma is one of the keys to solution for harnessing fusion energy in magnetic fusion devices. The physics governing the processes at work in the edge plasma involves classical and anomalous transport of multispecies plasma, neutral gas dynamics, atomic physics effects, radiation transport, plasma-material interactions, and even the transport of plasma species within the plasma-facing materials. The book starts with simple physical models, then moves on to rigorous theoretical considerations and state-of-the-art simulation tools that are capable of capturing the most important features of the edge plasma phenomena. The authors compare the conclusions arising from the theoretical and computational analysis with the available experimental data. They also discuss the remaining gaps in their models and make projections for phenomena related to edge plasma in magnetic fusion reactors.

Density Limit and Cross-field Edge Transport Scaling in Alcator C-Mod

Density Limit and Cross-field Edge Transport Scaling in Alcator C-Mod
Author: Brian LaBombard
Publisher:
Total Pages: 16
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:

Recent experiments in Alcator C-Mod have uncovered a direct link between the character and scaling of cross-field particle transport in the edge plasma and the density limit, nG. As ne/nG is increased from low values to values approaching [approx.] 1, an ordered progression in the cross-field edge transport physics occurs: first benign cross-field heat convection, then cross-field heat convection impacting the scrape-off layer (SOL) power loss channels and reducing the separatrix electron temperature, and finally 1bursty2 transport (normally associated with the far SOL) invading into closed flux surface regions and carrying a convective power loss that impacts the power balance of the discharge. These observations suggest that SOL transport and its scaling with plasma conditions plays a key role in setting the empirically observed density limit scaling law.

H-mode Pedestal Characteristics and MHD Stability of the Edge Plasma in Alcator C-Mod

H-mode Pedestal Characteristics and MHD Stability of the Edge Plasma in Alcator C-Mod
Author: Dmitri A. Mossessian
Publisher:
Total Pages: 32
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:

Under most operational conditions of Alcator C-Mod the dominant type of H-mode is the steady state enhanced Da mode (EDA), characterized by good energy confinement, continuously degraded impurity confinement and absence of regular ELMs. In this regime a quasicoherent (QC) electromagnetic mode ... is observed, localized in the region of the density pedestal. Experimental evidence suggests that the mode is responsible for enhancement of particle transport. It is shown experimentally that the QC mode can exist in a well defined region in edge temperature-safety factor space, favoring high edge q values ... and requiring moderate pedestal temperatureTeped ... As edge temperature and pressure gradient increase, the quasicoherent mode is replaced by broadband low frequency fluctuations (f

Comparison of Particle Transport in the Scrapeoff Layer Plasmas of Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D

Comparison of Particle Transport in the Scrapeoff Layer Plasmas of Alcator C-Mod and DIII-D
Author: B. Lipschultz
Publisher:
Total Pages: 50
Release: 2005
Genre:
ISBN:

Scrapeoff Layer (SOL) data from DIII--D and C--Mod have been acquired and analyzed for radial particle transport based on a particle balance model. This has allowed a detailed comparison for L--mode plasmas. The inferred radial particle flux, ... , is parameterized in terms of diffusive [ ... ] and convective particle transport [ ... ]. The magnitude of the inferred Deff or veff increases across the SOL for both tokamaks. The inferred Deff or veff in the 'far' SOL (one density e-folding length from the separatrix and beyond) are essentially unchanged by changes in core density by factors of 2-3. This corresponds to changes in the far SOL density, collisionality (v*), and radial fluxes of a factor of 10 or more. Thus v* does not appear to be an important parameter in determining the radial particle transport in that region. The dimensionlessly-scaled SOL plasma profiles from the two tokamaks overlay for similar dimensionless plasma parameters. The SOL density profile near the separatrix is steeper than in the 'far' SOL. The scaled Deff and veff are slightly larger on DIII-D than C-Mod. This difference appears to be within experimental uncertainties. Neutral ionization in the SOL does not appear to affect radial transport but may be related to the observed flattening of the density profiles with increasing ... .