Cold War in South Florida Historic Resource Study - CIA, Cuba and Castro, Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, Radio Marti, Arbenz, Guatemala, Everglades, Counterinsurgency Technology Research

Cold War in South Florida Historic Resource Study - CIA, Cuba and Castro, Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, Radio Marti, Arbenz, Guatemala, Everglades, Counterinsurgency Technology Research
Author: National Park Service (NPS)
Publisher:
Total Pages: 116
Release: 2017-05-29
Genre:
ISBN: 9781521394632
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This historic resource study by the National Park Service covers the Cold War and historic resources related to it located in south Florida. The study deals with Cold War-related activities and resources in four units of the National Park Services as well as nearby areas. Historians and preservationists are increasingly devoting their attention to the Cold War, which was the defining event in the history of the second half of the twentieth century. This study is a first step in understanding the unique role played by Florida and Florida National Parks in the history of the Cold War. Our hope is that it will serve as a catalyst for the preservation of Cold War-related resources throughout the State of Florida. The study has already resulted in a National Register of Historic Places nomination for the HM-69 Nike Missile Base within Everglades National Park. Topics and subjects covered include: CIA, Cuba and Castro, Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, Radio Marti, Arbenz, Guatemala, Everglades, Counterinsurgency Technology Research Section One: Brief Overview of the Cold War and Related Activities in South Florida * World War II, the Bomb, and the Origins of the Cold War * Eisenhower, Latin America, and Cold War Precedents for South Florida History * Building a Strategic Cold War Defense Infrastructure * The Cuban Revolution: South Florida Becomes "Ground Zero" in the Cold War * Counterinsurgency Technology and Florida's Role as an Open Air Research Lab * The End of the Secret War and the Legacy of Covert Activity in South Florida * Detente and a Reduction in Cold War Tensions * Ronald Reagan, the Cold War, and the Cuban Exile-Contra Connection * The End of the Cold War and the Legacy of the Battle * Section Two: South Florida Cold War Historic Resource List * Cold War Resources Located Within South Florida National Parks * Big Cypress National Preserve (Big Cypress NP) * Dade Collier Training Airport * CIA Arms Cache * Biscayne National Park (Biscayne NP) * Elliott Key * Dry Tortugas National Park (Dry Tortugas NP) * East Key * Garden Key * Hospital Key * Loggerhead Key * Other Possible Dry Tortugas NP Resources * Everglades National Park (Everglades NP) * Broad River * Cape Sable * Clive Key/Man of War Key/Sandy Key * East Everglades * Flamingo * Florida Bay * Ground Observer Corps Activities * Hole In the Donut * Long Pine Key * Palma Vista Hammock * Parachute Key Visitor Center * Pine Island * Pine Island Utility Area * Royal Palm Visitor Center * Seven Mile Road * Seven Mile Tower * Sisal Hammock * U.S. Department of State Activities * Other possible Everglades NP resources * Cold War Resources Located Near South Florida National Parks * Other Cold War-Related Resources in South Florida * Aerojet General Solid Rocket Booster Facility * Big Pine Key * Boca Chica Key * Card Sound Area * Coconut Grove * Coral Gables * Cudjoe Key * Florida City * Flo-Sun Sugar Corporation/Fanjul Family/Cuban Exile Sugar Growing Operations * Goulds * Homestead Air Force Base (Homestead AFB) * Homestead Area * Hutchinson Island * Key Biscayne * Key Largo * Key West * Lignum Vitae Key * Linderman Key * Marathon Key * Miami Area * Miami Beach * Naranja * No Name Key * Opa Locka * Palm Beach/Peanut Island * Port Everglades * Richmond * Sugarloaf Key * Useppa Island * Section Three: Notes on Sources and Suggestions for Further Research * Archives and Research Facilities Visited for this Report * Everglades NP Museum Archives * National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) I-Suitland, Maryland * National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) II-College Park, Maryland * National Security Archive-George Washington University, Washington, D.C * Naval Historical Center-Washington Navy Yard, Washington, D.C * Richter Library-University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida * U.S. Army Center for Military History (CMH)-Fort Myer, Washington, D.C * U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Headquarters (HQ USACE) Historical Archives

Cold War in South Florida

Cold War in South Florida
Author: National Service
Publisher: CreateSpace
Total Pages: 114
Release: 2014-05-20
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 9781499610864
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South Florida was the location of many important events during the Cold War period 1945- 1989. Indeed, the region served as a forward command center for the projection of U.S. power into the Western Hemisphere throughout the conflict. The region's proximity to Latin America made it an operational center for both covert and overt activities as the United States pursued its policy of containing communism. From the 1950s until the end of the Cold War, government officials directed operations from south Florida military installations such as Homestead Air Force Base, Opa Locka Marine Air Station, and the various U.S. Navy facilities in Key West that affected events in Guatemala, Cuba, Nicaragua, and other nations throughout Latin America. From Miami to Key West, quiet residential neighborhoods were havens for undercover operatives while the swamps and forests served as training grounds. From south Florida the United States launched numerous operations: the overthrow of the Arbenz government of Guatemala in 1954; the unsuccessful Bay of Pigs invasion of 1961; the military buildup necessitated by the Cuban missile crisis of 1962; surveillance, intelligence, and espionage activities against Cuba, Nicaragua, and other nations; and radio and television propaganda broadcasting to Cuba. All activities were justified under the U.S. foreign policy of containment. As the south Florida region helped shape these events, the events helped shape the region. In many cases, physical traces of these operations are still visible on the south Florida landscape. This Historic Resource Study (HRS) provides a historic context for, and identifies, sites in south Florida related to the Cold War and U.S. relations with Latin America. The report focuses on resources in and near the four national parks located in the region: Everglades National Park (Everglades NP), Biscayne National Park (Biscayne NP), Big Cypress National Preserve (Big Cypress NP), and Dry Tortugas National Park (Dry Tortugas NP). The study identifies structures, remains of structures, and landscapes where activities associated with the Cold War are reported to have taken place. This HRS pays particular attention to sites related to the events mentioned above as well as resources associated with the large Cuban exile population of south Florida. The historic context provides the basis for future nominations to the National Register of Historic Places.

Cold War in South Florida Historic Resource Study

Cold War in South Florida Historic Resource Study
Author: Steve Hach
Publisher: CreateSpace
Total Pages: 114
Release: 2013-04-18
Genre:
ISBN: 9781484155219
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This Historic Resource Study (HRS) provides a historic context for, and identifies, sites in south Florida related to the Cold War and U.S. relations with Latin America. The report focuses on resources in and near the four national parks located in the region: Everglades National Park (Everglades NP), Biscayne National Park (Biscayne NP), Big Cypress National Preserve (Big Cypress NP), and Dry Tortugas National Park (Dry Tortugas NP). The study identifies structures, remains of structures, and landscapes where activities associated with the Cold War are reported to have taken place. This HRS pays particular attention to sites related to the events mentioned above as well as resources associated with the large Cuban exile population of south Florida. The historic context provides the basis for future nominations to the National Register of Historic Places. The HM- 69 Nike base within Everglades National Park was listed in the National Register in 2004.

The Bay of Pigs

The Bay of Pigs
Author: Howard Jones
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 274
Release: 2008-08-08
Genre: History
ISBN: 0199743819
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In The Bay of Pigs, Howard Jones provides a concise, incisive, and dramatic account of the disastrous attempt to overthrow Castro in April 1961. Drawing on recently declassified CIA documents, Jones deftly examines the train of missteps and self-deceptions that led to the invasion of U.S.-trained exiles at the Bay of Pigs. Ignoring warnings from the ambassador to Cuba, the Eisenhower administration put in motion an operation that proved nearly unstoppable even after the inauguration of John F. Kennedy. The CIA and Pentagon, meanwhile, both voiced confidence in the outcome of the invasion, especially after coordinating previous successful coups in Guatemala and Iran. And so the Kennedy administration launched the exile force toward its doom in Cochinos Bay on April 17, 1961. Jones gives a riveting account of the battle--and the confusion in the White House--before moving on to explore its implications. The Bay of Pigs, he writes, set the course of Kennedy's foreign policy. It was a humiliation for the administration that fueled fears of Communist domination and pushed Kennedy toward a hardline "cold warrior" stance. But at the same time, the failed attack left him deeply skeptical of CIA and military advisers and influenced his later actions during the Cuban missile crisis.

Cold War

Cold War
Author: Fidel Castro
Publisher: Ocean Press
Total Pages: 98
Release: 2003
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 9781876175771
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CNN's probing interview with a key surviving protagonist from the TV series, The Cold War.

Covert City

Covert City
Author: Vince Houghton
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Total Pages: 250
Release: 2024-04-23
Genre: History
ISBN: 1541774582
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Secret operations, corruption, crime, and a city teeming with spies: why Miami was as crucial to winning the Cold War as Washington DC or Moscow. The Cuban Missile Crisis was perhaps the most dramatic and dangerous period of the Cold War. What's less well known is that the city of Miami, mere miles away, was a pivotal, though less well known, part of Cold War history. With its population of Communist exiles from Cuba, its strategic value for military operations, and its lax business laws, Miami was an ideal environment for espionage. Covert City tells the history of how the entire city of Miami was constructed in the image of the US-Cuba rivalry. From the Bay of Pigs invasion to the death of Fidel Castro, the book shows how Miami is a hub for money and cocaine but also secrets and ideologies. Cuban exiles built criminal and political organizations in the city, leading Washington to set up a CIA station there, codenamed JMWAVE. It monitored gang activities, plotted secret operations against Castro, and became a base for surveilling Latin American neighbors. The money and infrastructure built for the CIA was integral to the development of Miami. Covert City is a sweeping and entertaining history, full of stunning experimental operations and colorful characters--a story of a place like no other.

Bay of Pigs

Bay of Pigs
Author: Phil Carradice
Publisher: Casemate Publishers
Total Pages: 192
Release: 2018-04-30
Genre: History
ISBN: 1526728303
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This account of the disastrous invasion of Cuba funded and directed by the United States is “a readable, accessible introduction to the topic” (H-Net). Perhaps not in casualties but as far as prestige and standing in the world were concerned, the Bay of Pigs invasion of 1961 was the worst disaster to befall the USA since the War of 1812 when British forces burned the White House. Badly planned, badly organized, the affair was littered with mistakes from start to finish, not least with an inept performance by John F. Kennedy and his new administration. Supposedly an attempt by Cuban exiles to regain their homeland, the whole operation was funded and equipped by the USA. When things began to go wrong with the landings at Playa Larga and Playa Giron on the southern coast of Cuba, President Kennedy and his advisers began overruling military decisions with the result that the invading Brigade 2506, made up of Cuban exiles, was left with little or no air cover, limited ammunition, and no easy escape. Fidel Castro made great play of his success and American failure at the Bay of Pigs. He, like Nikita Khrushchev, thought Kennedy was weak—and the Cuban Missile Crisis of the following year was almost an inevitable consequence of the disaster. This account tells the dramatic story of this pivotal Cold War event.

The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Cold War

The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Cold War
Author: Michelle Getchell
Publisher: Hackett Publishing
Total Pages: 202
Release: 2018-09-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 1624667430
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In October 1962, when the Soviet Union deployed nuclear missiles in Cuba, the most dangerous confrontation of the Cold War ensued, bringing the world close to the brink of nuclear war. Over two tense weeks, U.S. president John F. Kennedy and Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev managed to negotiate a peaceful resolution to what was nearly a global catastrophe. Drawing on the best recent scholarship and previously unexamined documents from the archives of the former Soviet Union, this introductory volume examines the motivations and calculations of the major participants in the conflict, sets the crisis in the context of the broader history of the global Cold War, and traces the effects of the crisis on subsequent international and regional geopolitical relations. Selections from twenty primary sources provide firsthand accounts of the frantic deliberations and realpolitik diplomacy between the U.S., the U.S.S.R., and Fidel Castro's Cuban regime; thirteen illustrations are also included. CONTENTS: Introduction: The Making of a global Crisis The Origins of the Cold WarA New Front in the Cold WarThe Cold War in Latin AmericaThe Cuban Revolution and the Soviet UnionU.S. and Regional Responses to the Cuban RevolutionOperation Zapata: The Bay of PigsOperation Anadyr: Soviet Missiles in CubaCrisis Dénouement: The Missiles of NovemberEvaluating the Leadership on All Sides of the CrisisNuclear Fallout: Consequences of the Missile CrisisThe Future of Cuban-Soviet RelationsLatin American Responses to the Missile CrisisConclusion: Lessons of the Cuban Missile CrisisHistoriography of the Cuban Missile Crisis DocumentsMemorandum for McGeorge Bundy from Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., April 10, 1961State Department White Paper, April 1961From the Cable on the Conversation between Gromyko and Kennedy, October 18, 1962Telegram from Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko to the CC CPSU, October 20, 1962President John F. Kennedy’s speech to the Nation, October 22, 1962Resolution Adopted by the Council of the Organization of American States Acting Provisionally as the Organ of Consultation, October 23, 1962Message from Mexican President Adolfo López Mateos to Cuban President Osvaldo Dorticós, October 23, 1962Letter from Khrushchev to John F. Kennedy, October 24, 1962Telegram from Soviet Ambassador to the USA Dobrynin to the USSR MFA, October 24, 1962Memorandum for President Kennedy from Douglas Dillon, October 26, 1962Telegram from Fidel Castro to N.S. Khrushchev, October 26, 1962Letter from Khrushchev to Fidel Castro, October 28, 1962Cable from USSR Ambassador to Cuba Alekseev to Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, October 28, 1962Telegram from Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Kuznetsov and Ambassador to the U.N. Zorin to USSR Foreign Ministry (1), October 30, 1962Premier Khrushchev’s Letter to Prime Minister Castro, October 30, 1962Prime Minister Castro’s Letter to Premier Khrushchev, October 31, 1962Meeting of the Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba with Mikoyan in the Presidential Palace, November 4, 1962Brazilian Foreign Ministry Memorandum, “Question of Cuba,” November 20, 1968Letter from Khrushchev to Fidel Castro, January 31, 1963“I Know Something About the Caribbean Crisis,” Notes from a Conversation with Fidel Castro, November 5, 1987Select Bibliography

The Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis

The Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis
Author: Bethany Bryan
Publisher: Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC
Total Pages: 114
Release: 2017-07-15
Genre: Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN: 1502628635
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United States president John F. Kennedy advocated an invasion of Cuba. Led by anti-Castro supporters, the Bay of Pigs invasion was unsuccessful. Castro understood the invasion as an attempt to overthrow his government. After this unsuccessful event, the two superpowers of the United States and the Soviet Union came close to a nuclear confrontation. This book takes a closer look at this dramatic conflict and the tensions that emerged from the threat of nuclear power.