Cloud Multi-phase Processes and High Alpine Air and Snow Chemistry

Cloud Multi-phase Processes and High Alpine Air and Snow Chemistry
Author: Sandro Fuzzi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642591671

Among the chemical and physical processes involved in the transformation of pollutants between their sources and their ultimate deposition, those associated with clouds, aerosols and precipitation must be rated as the most difficult both to study and to understand. This book presents a variety of recent advances in this field, including the properties and composition of aerosol particles, chemical transformation and scavenging processes, the relationship between liquid-phase chemistry and cloud micro-physics, entrainment, evaporation and deposition, trends in high Alpine pollution, transport processes, and developments in instrumentation. This book is Volume 5 in the ten-volume series on Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere.

Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere

Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere
Author: Peter Borrell
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 446
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642597181

A major environmental concern is the increasing burden on all scales of photo-oxidants, acidifying substances and potential nutrients in the troposphere. These lead to episodes of summer smog, and appreciable damage to eco-systems both on land and at sea. Underlying the environmental effects is the complex scientific problem of linking the man-made and biological emissions to the myriad chemical reactions that transform the pollutants as they are transported to and deposited in the surroundings and also pristine areas remote from the sources. The project, the scientific results of which are described in this book, was set up to study the problem in an inter-disciplinary way by co-ordinating the work of more than 150 research groups in some 20 countries.

Heterogeneous and Liquid Phase Processes

Heterogeneous and Liquid Phase Processes
Author: Peter Warneck
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 270
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642614450

The "European Experiment on the Transport and Transformation of Environmentally Relevant Trace Constituents over Europe" (EUROTRAC) was established in 1986 to tackle the scientific problem and combine the expertise, knowledge and resources in Europe, in order to apply them over a large region covering the greater part of the continent. EUROTRAC is a coordinated multidisciplinary scientific research project involving field measurements, laboratory studies, instrument development and development of comprehensive computer models for the simulation of the physical and chemical processes in the lower atmosphere.

Fundamentals and Processes

Fundamentals and Processes
Author: Detlev Möller
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 648
Release: 2019-02-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3110561263

Climate change is a major challenge facing modern society. The chemistry of air and its influence on the climate system forms the main focus of this book. Vol. 1 of Chemistry of the Climate System provides the reader with a physicochemical understanding of atmospheric processes. The chemical substances and reactions found in the Earth’s atmosphere are presented along with their influence on the global climate system.

Atmospheric Chemistry

Atmospheric Chemistry
Author: Detlev Möller
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 936
Release: 2022-05-09
Genre: History
ISBN: 3110732467

The work in your hand contains three main chapters, covering the chemistry of the condensed phase in the atmosphere, first, the different forms of atmospheric waters (precipitation, fog and clouds, dew), and secondly dust, now mostly termed particulate matter and, more scientifically, atmospheric aerosol. A third section treats the gases in the atmosphere. An introductory chapter covers the roots of the term atmospheric chemistry in its relations to chemistry in general and biogeochemistry as the chemistry of the climate system. Furthermore, a brief overview of understanding chemical reactions in aqueous and gaseous phase is given. It is my aim to pay respect to all persons who studied the substances in the air, to those who made small, and to them who made giant contributions for the progress in atmospheric science. I’m not a historian who is able to present the past from a true perspective of their time – this also would not be my aim. If possible, however, I try to interpret the past – almost limited to experimental fi ndings in the nineteenth century – through current values, without dismissal of the problems and ideas of earlier scientists. In this way it is possible to draw some ideas on the historical chemical state of the air. Hence, I name this voyage critical. However, nowhere in this book it is my attention to express my criticism to colleagues and scientifi c ancestors. Great scientists too were subject to errors; doing science consists from the permanent loop observation, interpretation, conclusion, and again testing against new observation. If this volume can contribute more than to be “a nice story” on atmospheric chemistry, then hopefully it inspires the reader to more critical reading of scientifi c publications, and, not to forget the older one.

Tropospheric Modelling and Emission Estimation

Tropospheric Modelling and Emission Estimation
Author: Adolf Ebel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 449
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3662034700

The end result of policy-related experimental and theoretical scientific work on the abatement of atmospheric emissions is a hierarchy of computer models that can be used to analyse and predict the behaviour of pollutants on urban, local regional and global scales. Such models are required to simulate an extremely complex natural situation in which a non-linear chemistry must be included together with the vagaries of the meteorology and the terrain. This book describes recent advances in the development and application of models on all scales, and in the techniques for the estimation and verification of emissions. It includes reviews of recent work together with detailed results and provides a useful picture of the field in a European context.

History, Change and Sustainability

History, Change and Sustainability
Author: Detlev Möller
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 799
Release: 2020-03-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3110561344

Climate change is a major challenge facing modern society. The chemistry of air and its influence on the climate system forms the main focus of this book. Vol. 2 of Chemistry of the Climate System takes a problem-based approach to presenting global atmospheric processes, evaluating the effects of changing air compositions as well as possibilities for interference with these processes through the use of chemistry.

Chemistry of the Climate System

Chemistry of the Climate System
Author: Detlev Möller
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 806
Release: 2014-09-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3110331942

Climate change is a major challenge facing the modern world. The chemistry of air and it's influence on the climate system forms the main focus of this monograph. The book presents a problem-based approach to presenting global atmospheric processes, evaluating the effects of changing air composition as well as possibilities for interference within these processes and indicates ways for solving the problem of climate change through chemistry. The new edition includes innovations and latest research results.

Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange of Pollutants and Trace Substances

Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchange of Pollutants and Trace Substances
Author: Sjaak Slanina
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 562
Release: 2013-03-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3662033941

The biosphere is the ultimate sink for air pollutants and is also the source of many precursors for the formation of photo-oxidants. In any analysis of air pollution and for determining source-receptor relationships, reliable emission and pollutant concentrations or depositions must be taken into account, together with their interactions between the atmosphere and the biosphere. This book presents a number of authoritative review articles covering topics which include biosphere-atmosphere exchange of ammonia, nitrogen oxides, ozone and sulfur-containing gases, the biological mechanisms involved in the exchange of trace gases, as well as generalizations of deposition over Europe.

Instrument Development for Atmospheric Research and Monitoring

Instrument Development for Atmospheric Research and Monitoring
Author: Jens Bösenberg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2013-04-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3662034050

Jens Bosenberg Max-Planck-Institut fur Meteorologie, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany TESLAS, which stands for Tropospheric Environmental Studies by Laser Sounding, was formed in November 1987 as a subproject of EUROTRAC to enhance the measurement capabilities for vertical profiling of ozone in the troposphere by means of laser remote sensing. For studies of several atmospheric processes related to the formation and redistribution of photo-oxidants there was a clear need for measuring extended time series with appropriate vertical and temporal resolution. These could not be obtained by conventional in situ techniques, at least not with affordable effort, so remote sensing appeared to be the best way to obtain the required information. At the beginning of the subproject, some Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) systems for measuring the vertical distribution of ozone already existed, but their use was restricted to very few laboratories and very few measurement campaigns, since the instruments were highly complex, rather unreliable, and required extensive efforts for maintenance and operation by skilled scientists. In addition, the accuracy of these measurements under a variety of meteorological conditions was not really well established. The main tasks within TESLAS therefore were to develop fully the DIAL-methodology for remote sensing of tropospheric ozone, and to develop instruments which are accurate, reliable, easy to operate, and suitable for field deployment or airborne operation.