Climate Change Observations On The Role Of Carbon Offsets In Climate Change Legislation
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Author | : John Stephenson |
Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
Total Pages | : 22 |
Release | : 2010-11 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1437913822 |
Carbon offsets ¿ reductions of greenhouse gas emissions from an activity in one place to compensate for emissions elsewhere ¿ can reduce the cost of regulatory programs to limit emissions because the cost of creating an offset may be less than the cost of requiring entities to make the reductions themselves. To be credible, however, an offset must reduce emissions below the quantity emitted in a business-as-usual scenario. This testimony examines: (1) the challenges in ensuring the quality of carbon offsets in the voluntary market; (2) lessons learned from the Clean Development Mechanism, an international offset program; and (3) matters that the Congress may wish to consider when developing regulatory programs to limit emissions. Illustrations.
Author | : United States Government Accountability Office |
Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 2018-06-07 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781719276498 |
Climate Change: Observations on the Potential Role of Carbon Offsets in Climate Change Legislation
Author | : John B. Stephenson |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 18 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : Carbon dioxide |
ISBN | : |
Author | : U S Government Accountability Office (G |
Publisher | : BiblioGov |
Total Pages | : 26 |
Release | : 2013-06 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781289031459 |
The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) is an independent agency that works for Congress. The GAO watches over Congress, and investigates how the federal government spends taxpayers dollars. The Comptroller General of the United States is the leader of the GAO, and is appointed to a 15-year term by the U.S. President. The GAO wants to support Congress, while at the same time doing right by the citizens of the United States. They audit, investigate, perform analyses, issue legal decisions and report anything that the government is doing. This is one of their reports.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 18 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : Carbon dioxide mitigation |
ISBN | : |
In an August 2008 report, GAO identified four primary challenges related to the United States voluntary carbon offset market. First, the concept of a carbon offset is complicated because offsets can involve different activities, definitions, greenhouse gases, and time frames for measurement. Second, ensuring the credibility of offsets is challenging because there are many ways to determine whether a project is additional to a business-as-usual baseline, and inherent uncertainty exists in measuring emissions reductions relative to such a baseline. Related to this, the use of multiple quality assurance mechanisms with varying requirements may raise questions about whether offsets are fully fungible--interchangeable and of comparable quality. Third, including offsets in regulatory programs to limit greenhouse gas emissions could result in environmental and economic tradeoffs. For example offsets could lower the cost of complying with an emissions reduction policy, but this may delay on-site reductions by regulated entities. Fourth, offsets could compromise the environmental certainty of a regulatory program if offsets used for compliance lack credibility. In a November 2008 report, GAO examined the environmental and economic effects of the CDM--an international program allowing certain industrialized nations to pay for offset projects in developing countries--and identified lessons learned about the role of carbon offsets in programs to limit emissions. While the CDM has provided cost containment in a mandatory emissions reduction program, its effects on emissions are uncertain, largely because it is nearly impossible to determine the level of emissions that would have occurred in the absence of each project. Although a rigorous review process seeks to ensure the credibility of projects, available evidence from those with experience in the program suggests that some offset projects were not additional. In addition, the project approval process is lengthy and resource intensive, which significantly limits the scale and cost-effectiveness of emissions reductions. The findings from these two reports illustrate how challenges in the voluntary offset market and the use of offsets for compliance--even in a rigorous, standardized process like the CDM--may compromise the environmental integrity of mandatory programs to limit emissions and should be carefully evaluated. As a result of these challenges, GAO suggested that, as it considers legislation that allows the use of offsets for compliance, the Congress may wish to consider, among other things, directing the establishment of clear rules about the types of projects that regulated entities can use as offsets, as well as procedures to account and compensate for the inherent uncertainty associated with offset projects. Further, GAO suggested that the Congress consider key lessons from the CDM, including the possibility that, (1) due to the tradeoffs involving cost savings and the credibility of offsets, their use in mandatory programs may be, at best, a temporary solution to achieving emissions reductions, and (2) the program's approval process may not be a cost-effective model for achieving emission reductions.
Author | : United States. General Accounting Office |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 18 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 148 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
Author | : John Stephenson |
Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
Total Pages | : 22 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1437920330 |
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Congress is considering proposals to establish a price on greenhouse gas emissions through a cap-and-trade program that would limit overall emissions and require covered entities to hold tradable emissions permits, or allowances, for their emissions. This program would raise the cost of activities that produce emissions and provide an economic incentive to decrease emissions. A cap-and-trade program would increase the cost of burning fossil fuels and other activities that generate emissions and potentially raise costs for consumers. A key decision is the extent to which the gov¿t. offsets these costs. This testimony assesses the potential effects of: (1) allowance allocation methods; and (2) options for distributing program revenues. Illus.
Author | : Renee Johnson |
Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
Total Pages | : 40 |
Release | : 2009-12 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1437918840 |
The agriculture (ag) sector is a source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which many scientists agree are contributing to observed climate change. Ag. is also a ¿sink¿ for sequestering carbon, which might offset GHG emissions by capturing and storing carbon in ag. soils. The two key types of GHG emissions associated with agricultural activities are methane and nitrous oxide. Contents of this report: (1) Ag. Sinks and Emissions: Source of Nat. Est.; Ag. Emissions; Ag. Carbon Sinks; Potential for Additional Uptake; (2) Mitigation Strategies in the Ag. Sector: Federal Programs; State Programs; (3) Congressional Action: Climate Change Proposals; 2008 Farm Bill Provisions; Related Initiatives Involving U.S. Ag.; Considerations for Congress. Illus.
Author | : Hari Osofsky |
Publisher | : Aspen Publishing |
Total Pages | : 554 |
Release | : 2012-08-21 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 1454836024 |
Pioneers in an emergent field, the authors of Climate Change Law and Policy have created a modular and accessible text with extensive web resources. Designed for 2- and 3-credit courses, discussion, commentary, and exercises are integrated into every chapter. Tracing key legal developments, the scope of this landmark text spans international, United States, foreign, state and local, and nongovernmental efforts to address climate change. A concise text that takes a global view, Climate Change Law and Policy features: accessible and modular format that can adapt to a variety of teaching objectives timely coverage of key legal developments in climate change control around the world discussion of the role of non-nation-state actors in forming climate change policy, including cities, corporations, NGO's, and individuals draws from commentary of leading experts on each topic exercises in each chapter based on major law and policy issues extensive web resources, including updates and links