The Ocean-Hill Brownsville Conflict

The Ocean-Hill Brownsville Conflict
Author: Glen Anthony Harris
Publisher: Lexington Books
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2012
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0739166832

The history of Black-Jewish relations from the beginning of the twentieth century shows that, while they were sometimes partners of convenience, there was also a deep suspicion of each other that broke out into frequent public exchanges. During the twentieth century, the entanglements of both groups have, at times, provided an important impetus for social justice in the United States and, at other times, have been the cause of great tension. The Ocean Hill-Brownsville Conflict explores this fraught relationship, which is evident in the intellectual lives of these communities. The tension was as apparent in the life and works of Marcus Garvey, Richard Wright, and James Baldwin as it was in the exchanges between blacks and Jews in intellectual periodicals and journals in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. The Ocean Hill-Brownsville conflict was rooted in this tension and the longstanding differences over community control of school districts and racial preferences.

Inside Ocean Hill–Brownsville

Inside Ocean Hill–Brownsville
Author: Charles S. Isaacs
Publisher: SUNY Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2014-05-09
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1438452969

The story of an Ocean Hill–Brownsville teacher who crossed picket lines during the racially charged New York City teachers’ strike of 1968. In 1968 the conflict that erupted over community control of the New York City public schools was centered in the black and Puerto Rican community of Ocean Hill–Brownsville. It triggered what remains the longest teachers’ strike in US history. That clash, between the city’s communities of color and the white, predominantly Jewish teachers’ union, paralyzed the nation’s largest school system, undermined the city’s economy, and heightened racial tensions, ultimately transforming the national conversation about race relations. At age twenty-two, when the strike was imminent, Charles S. Isaacs abandoned his full scholarship to a prestigious law school to teach mathematics in Ocean Hill–Brownsville. Despite his Jewish background and pro-union leanings, Isaacs crossed picket lines manned by teachers who looked like him, and took the side of parents and children who did not. He now tells the story of this conflict, not only from inside the experimental, community-controlled Ocean Hill–Brownsville district, its focal point, but from within ground zero itself: Junior High School 271, which became the nation’s most famous, or infamous, public school. Isaacs brings to life the innovative teaching practices that community control made possible, and the relationships that developed in the district among its white teachers and its black and Puerto Rican parents, teachers, and community activists. “Inside Ocean Hill–Brownsville is one of the finest accounts of this turbulent time in America’s educational history. As a firsthand analysis of a teacher embroiled in the Ocean Hill–Brownsville community fight for educational justice, it has no peer. From its vantage point forty-five years after the conflict, we finally have a corrective to a plethora of secondhand analyses that have been written over the years. It is a candid picture that I recommend highly.” — Maurice R. Berube, coeditor of Confrontation at Ocean Hill–Brownsville “Inside Ocean Hill–Brownsville makes a vital contribution to a much-needed reinterpretation of the epochal struggles over community control of the New York City public schools in the 1960s, and the divisive UFT fall 1968 strikes in opposition to that community-based movement. Writing from the firsthand perspective of a young Jewish math teacher at JHS 271, Isaacs brings this important story vividly to life with insight, candor, and humor. He evokes the attitudes and actions of a rich array of ordinary teachers, administrators, students, and parents who fought to defend the community-control experiment in the face of the lies and distortions perpetrated by UFT officials and the mainstream press. A must read for anyone interested in creating successful public schools, this book helps us remember what democratic public education might look like.” — Stephen Brier, The Graduate Center, City University of New York “Charles Isaacs’s Inside Ocean Hill–Brownsville is a firsthand account of the dramatic events of New York City’s greatest school crisis. Isaacs debunks many of the popular myths of black militants waging assaults on teachers. Instead, he demonstrates that the episode in Ocean Hill–Brownsville was a case of black and Latino parents, with the support of a number of teachers at JHS 271, struggling for the education of their children and for a more democratically run educational system. These parents faced one of the most powerful unions in the city and a bureaucratic board of education that wanted to protect the status quo. There have been many books written on the 1968 teachers’ strike, but Isaacs’s well-written, detailed account is by far the best.” — Clarence Taylor, author of Knocking at Our Own Door: Milton A. Galamison and the Struggle to Integrate New York City Schools

Inside Ocean Hill–Brownsville

Inside Ocean Hill–Brownsville
Author: Charles S. Isaacs
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2014-05-09
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1438452977

Silver Winner, 2014 ForeWord IndieFab Book of the Year Award in the Education Category In 1968 the conflict that erupted over community control of the New York City public schools was centered in the black and Puerto Rican community of Ocean Hill–Brownsville. It triggered what remains the longest teachers' strike in US history. That clash, between the city's communities of color and the white, predominantly Jewish teachers' union, paralyzed the nation's largest school system, undermined the city's economy, and heightened racial tensions, ultimately transforming the national conversation about race relations. At age twenty-two, when the strike was imminent, Charles S. Isaacs abandoned his full scholarship to a prestigious law school to teach mathematics in Ocean Hill–Brownsville. Despite his Jewish background and pro-union leanings, Isaacs crossed picket lines manned by teachers who looked like him, and took the side of parents and children who did not. He now tells the story of this conflict, not only from inside the experimental, community-controlled Ocean Hill–Brownsville district, its focal point, but from within ground zero itself: Junior High School 271, which became the nation's most famous, or infamous, public school. Isaacs brings to life the innovative teaching practices that community control made possible, and the relationships that developed in the district among its white teachers and its black and Puerto Rican parents, teachers, and community activists.

Tough Liberal

Tough Liberal
Author: Richard D. Kahlenberg
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Total Pages: 829
Release: 2007-08-30
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 023150909X

In Woody Allen's 1973 film, Sleeper, a character wakes up in the future to learn that civilization was destroyed when "a man by the name of Albert Shanker got hold of a nuclear warhead." Shanker was condemned by many when he shut down the New York City school system in the bitter strikes of 1967 and 1968, and he was denounced for stirring up animosity between black parents and Jewish teachers. Later, however, he built alliances with blacks, and at the time of his death in 1997, such figures as Bill Clinton celebrated Shanker for being an educational reformer, a champion of equality, and a promoter of democracy abroad. Shanker lived the lives of several men bound into one. In his early years, he was the "George Washington of the teaching profession," helping to found modern teacher unionism. During the 1980s, as head of the American Federation of Teachers, he became the nation's leading education reformer. Shanker supported initiatives for high education standards and accountability, teacher-led charter schools, and a system of "peer review" to weed out inadequate teachers. Throughout his life, Shanker also fought for "tough liberalism," an ideology favoring public education and trade unions but also colorblind policies and a robust anticommunism all of which, Shanker believed, were vital to a commitment to democracy. Although he had a coherent worldview, Shanker was a complex individual. He began his career as a pacifist but evolved into a leading defense and foreign policy hawk. He was an intellectual and a populist; a gifted speaker who failed at small talk; a liberal whose biggest enemies were often on the left; a talented writer who had to pay to have his ideas published; and a gruff unionist who enjoyed shopping and detested sports. Richard D. Kahlenberg's biography is the first to offer a complete narrative of one of the most important voices in public education and American politics in the last half century. At a time when liberals are accused of not knowing what they stand for, Tough Liberal illuminates an engaging figure who suggested an alternative liberal path.

The Age of Direct Citizen Participation

The Age of Direct Citizen Participation
Author: Nancy C. Roberts
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 793
Release: 2015-01-28
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 131745880X

Citizen involvement is considered the cornerstone of democratic theory and practice. Citizens today have the knowledge and ability to participate more fully in the political, technical, and administrative decisions that affect them. On the other hand, direct citizen participation is often viewed with skepticism, even wariness. Many argue that citizens do not have the time, preparation, or interest to be directly involved in public affairs, and suggest instead that representative democracy, or indirect citizen participation, is the most effective form of government. Some of the very best writings on this key topic - which is at the root of the entire "reinventing government" movement - can be found in the journals that ASPA publishes or sponsors. In this collection Nancy Roberts has brought together the emerging classics on the ongoing debate over citizen involvement. Her detailed introductory essay and section openers frame the key issues, provide historical context, and fill in any gaps not directly covered by the articles. More than just an anthology, "The Age of Direct Citizen Participation" provides a unique and useful framework for understanding this important subject. It is an ideal resource for any Public Administration course involving citizen engagement and performance management.

Activist Scholar

Activist Scholar
Author: Marilyn Gittell
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Total Pages: 369
Release: 2011-03-18
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1412997623

Activist Scholar: Selected Works of Marilyn Gittell features seminal writings by Marilyn Gittell, a preface by Sara Miller McCune (Founder and Executive Chairman, SAGE Publications), a general introduction by Ross Gittell and Kathe Newman, and part introductions by Ross Gittell, Kathe Newman, Maurice Berube, and Nancy Naples. The part introductions highlight the key areas of research Marilyn Gittell championed and provide insightful context for the articles that follow. In addition to exploring Marilyn Gittell’s groundbreaking research, this book serves as a bridge to current and future community-based urban research that advances citizen participation and empowerment. Marilyn Gittell was a renowned scholar and social activist. A graduate of Brooklyn College (BA) and New York University (PhD), she held her first faculty appointment at Queens College (1960–1973) before serving as Associate Provost (1973–1978) at Brooklyn College. She then joined the faculty of the City University of New York’s Graduate Center (1978–2010) as Professor of Political Science. She helped launch and was the founding editor of Urban Affairs Quarterly, the leading academic journal in the field of urban research. Activist Scholar highlights Professor Gittell’s writings on community organizations, citizen participation, urban politics, the politics of education, and gender. She specialized in applied and comparative research on local, regional, national, and international policies and politics, and placed a high priority on training researchers and scholars. Marilyn Gittell was a mentor to hundreds of students in the City University of New York system, and her legacy of activism continues as her students, now on the faculties of universities across the nation, engage in important work globally.

A View from the East

A View from the East
Author: Kwasi Konadu
Publisher: Syracuse University Press
Total Pages: 247
Release: 2009
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0815651015