Checking In
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| Author | : Douglas Fisher |
| Publisher | : ASCD |
| Total Pages | : 170 |
| Release | : 2015-12-18 |
| Genre | : Education |
| ISBN | : 1416619224 |
A teacher presents a lesson, and at the end asks students if they understand the material. The students nod and say they get it. Later, the teacher is dismayed when many of the students fail a test on the material. Why aren’t students getting it? And, just as important, why didn’t the teacher recognize the problem? In Checking for Understanding, Douglas Fisher and Nancy Frey show how to increase students’ understanding with the help of creative formative assessments. When used regularly, formative assessments enable every teacher to determine what students know and what they still need to learn. Fisher and Frey explore a variety of engaging activities that check for and increase understanding, including interactive writing, portfolios, multimedia presentations, audience response systems, and much more. This new 2nd edition of Checking for Understanding has been updated to reflect the latest thinking in formative assessment and to show how the concepts apply in the context of Fisher and Frey’s work on gradual release of responsibility, guided instruction, formative assessment systems, data analysis, and quality instruction. Douglas Fisher and Nancy Frey are the creators of the Framework for Intentional and Targeted (FIT) Teaching™. They are also the authors of numerous ASCD books, including The Formative Assessment Action Plan: Practical Steps to More Successful Teaching and Learning and the best-selling Enhancing RTI: How to Ensure Success with Effective Classroom Instruction and Intervention.
| Author | : Julian-Steffen Müller |
| Publisher | : Cuvillier Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 149 |
| Release | : 2014-08-01 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3736947593 |
Dependence and independence between properties is occurring in many different scientific disciplines, for example in the description of discrete systems or during the evaluation of physical experiments. During this thesis we will study a variety of team based logics, which can express some form of dependence or independence. The concept of expressing functional dependencies between terms by atomic FO-formulae was introduced by Väänänen in 2007. He showed that dependence logic is equally expressive as existential second order logic and thus dependence logic characterises NP. In the first chapter of this thesis we are obtaining a Horn fragment of dependence logic which characterises P. In the second part of this thesis we will study the concept of dependence and independence in the context of team based modal logics. We will study several decision problems for these modal logics, like satisfiability and model checking. Furthermore we will investigate the expressive power of these modal logics. Finally we will give a general notion of team atoms and the properties that they are describing.
| Author | : Edmund M. Clarke |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 1210 |
| Release | : 2018-05-18 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3319105752 |
Model checking is a computer-assisted method for the analysis of dynamical systems that can be modeled by state-transition systems. Drawing from research traditions in mathematical logic, programming languages, hardware design, and theoretical computer science, model checking is now widely used for the verification of hardware and software in industry. The editors and authors of this handbook are among the world's leading researchers in this domain, and the 32 contributed chapters present a thorough view of the origin, theory, and application of model checking. In particular, the editors classify the advances in this domain and the chapters of the handbook in terms of two recurrent themes that have driven much of the research agenda: the algorithmic challenge, that is, designing model-checking algorithms that scale to real-life problems; and the modeling challenge, that is, extending the formalism beyond Kripke structures and temporal logic. The book will be valuable for researchers and graduate students engaged with the development of formal methods and verification tools.
| Author | : Andrew Simpson |
| Publisher | : John Benjamins Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 264 |
| Release | : 2000-01-01 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 9789027225627 |
Wh-movement and the theory of feature-checking argues that cross-linguistic variation in wh-constructions reduces to the availability of different lexical instantiations of a +wh C0 both across languages and within a single language, and the way in which such lexical elements are syntactically identified, either via movement or base-generation. Evidence from a wide range of patterns including wh-expletive questions leads to the conclusion that wh-feature checking may sometimes be effected non-locally and 'at a distance' (long-distance wh-agreement), and that movement in general takes place for two related but discrete reasons: both to identify and activate an underspecified licensing head and in order for an element to occur in the checking domain projected by its relevant licensing head. Developing and generalizing the proposals beyond wh-phenomena, the study also goes on to argue for a Minimalist model of syntax in which feature-dependencies are in fact all licensed in the overt syntax and where there is no need for any further level of LF.
| Author | : Dyck, Johannes |
| Publisher | : Universitätsverlag Potsdam |
| Total Pages | : 48 |
| Release | : 2016-04-13 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3869563338 |
Graph transformation systems are a powerful formal model to capture model transformations or systems with infinite state space, among others. However, this expressive power comes at the cost of rather limited automated analysis capabilities. The general case of unbounded many initial graphs or infinite state spaces is only supported by approaches with rather limited scalability or expressiveness. In this report we improve an existing approach for the automated verification of inductive invariants for graph transformation systems. By employing partial negative application conditions to represent and check many alternative conditions in a more compact manner, we can check examples with rules and constraints of substantially higher complexity. We also substantially extend the expressive power by supporting more complex negative application conditions and provide higher accuracy by employing advanced implication checks. The improvements are evaluated and compared with another applicable tool by considering three case studies.
| Author | : Michelle Williams |
| Publisher | : Thomas Nelson |
| Total Pages | : 254 |
| Release | : 2022-01-25 |
| Genre | : Religion |
| ISBN | : 1400223407 |
In The Daily Check-In, singer and actress Michelle Williams helps readers process the emotions that cause them to feel overwhelmed and gives them powerful strategies for discovering freedom and wholeness. In her book Checking In, Michelle Williams shared the painful seasons of struggle that left her feeling like she couldn't go on. In the midst of her wrestling, she came to realize her crucial need for connection--with God, herself, and others--and developed strategies for checking in with each. Her life-giving strategies have helped her overcome the thoughts and emotions that once threatened to derail her. Now she shares those strategies with readers who are on their own journeys toward mental wholeness--and who want to discover how to be free to live an abundant life. In this sixty-day guided journal, Williams leads readers through the process of identifying the thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that leave them feeling overwhelmed, unfulfilled, and alone. Through her unique blend of tender, sometimes humorous, and often thought-provoking wisdom, Williams shows readers how to overcome difficult circumstances and relationships with life-giving honesty and connection, offering powerful readings about overwhelming emotions and healing from hurt; key scriptures that emphasize the importance of checking in with God, themselves, and others; journaling prompts for personal processing; and short prayers to help readers lean on God for insight, strength, and courage on their journey toward mental wholeness.
| Author | : William Aspray |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 154 |
| Release | : 2019-08-12 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3030229521 |
This text presents an historical examination of political fact-checking, highlighting how this is part of a larger phenomenon of online scrutiny that manifests itself in multiple forms. Reflecting the long history of “fake facts” in America, the book discusses important developments in this area from the emergence of the public Internet in the 1990s to the start of the Trump-Clinton presidential election campaigns. Topics and features: describes how some of the major players in political fact-checking began with the purpose of scrutinizing and debunking of urban legends; considers how this was part of a wider culture, encompassing B-grade horror movies, truth-or-fiction television shows, and groups warning about computer viruses; explains how such developments are connected, revealing political fact-checking as one of many forms of scrutiny applied in the face of a complex, dangerous world; provides a range of detailed case studies, covering such topics as the rumors surrounding the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and academic interest in contemporary legends; discusses how pre-Internet technologies such as bulletin boards, Usenet, and proprietary online service providers such as CompuServe and AOL were used to both disseminate and debunk urban legends; examines the rise of political fact-checking, reviewing all of the major initiatives in this area undertaken in the United States. This timely study touches on issues of popular culture and major events, and offers profiles of colorful individuals and organizations, and as such will appeal to a broad audience interested in the history of fact-checking and efforts to protect the political process from falsehoods.
| Author | : Orna Grumberg |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 238 |
| Release | : 2008-07-03 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3540698507 |
Model checking technology is among the foremost applications of logic to computer science and computer engineering. The model checking community has achieved many breakthroughs, bridging the gap between theoretical computer science and hardware and software engineering, and it is reaching out to new challenging areas such as system biology and hybrid systems. Model checking is extensively used in the hardware industry and has also been applied to the verification of many types of software. Model checking has been introduced into computer science and electrical engineering curricula at universities worldwide and has become a universal tool for the analysis of systems. This Festschrift volume, published in celebration of the 25th Anniversary of Model Checking, includes a collection of 11 invited papers based on talks at the symposium "25 Years of Model Checking", 25MC, which was part of the 18th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV 2006), which in turn was part of the Federated Logic Conference (FLoC 2006) held in Seattle, WA, USA, in August 2006. Model checking is currently attracting considerable attention beyond the core technical community, and the ACM Turing Award 2007 was given in recognition of the paradigm-shifting work on this topic initiated a quarter century ago. Here we honor that achievement with the inclusion of facsimile reprints of the visionary papers on model checking by Edmund Clarke and Allen Emerson, and by Jean-Pierre Queille and Joseph Sifakis.
| Author | : Hiroyuki Ura |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 337 |
| Release | : 2000-01-06 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 0195118391 |
Ura's theory of multiple feature-checking develops the basic idea in original and highly productive ways, providing persuasive answers to difficult questions that arise in widely-ranging languages, and opening up new and challenging problems. It is an impressive achievement, which merits careful study, according to Noam Chomsky.
| Author | : Jorge Munoz-Gama |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 201 |
| Release | : 2016-11-22 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3319494511 |
Process mining techniques can be used to discover, analyze and improve real processes, by extracting models from observed behavior. The aim of this book is conformance checking, one of the main areas of process mining. In conformance checking, existing process models are compared with actual observations of the process in order to assess their quality. Conformance checking techniques are a way to visualize the differences between assumed process represented in the model and the real process in the event log, pinpointing possible problems to address, and the business process management results that rely on these models. This book combines both application and research perspectives. It provides concrete use cases that illustrate the problems addressed by the techniques in the book, but at the same time, it contains complete conceptualization and formalization of the problem and the techniques, and through evaluations on the quality and the performance of the proposed techniques. Hence, this book brings the opportunity for business analysts willing to improve their organization processes, and also data scientists interested on the topic of process-oriented data science.
