Characteristics And Risk Factors Associated With Work Zone Crashes
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| Author | : Sreekanth Reddy Akepati |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
In the United States, approximately 1,100 people die and 40,000 people are injured annually as a result of motor vehicle crashes in work zones. These numbers may be a result of interruption to regular traffic flow caused by closed traffic lanes, poor traffic management within work zones, general misunderstanding of problems associated with work zones, or improper usage of traffic control devices. In regard to safety of work zones, this study was conducted to identify characteristics and risk factors associated with work zone crashes in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Wisconsin, states currently included in the Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiative (SWZDI) region. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, characteristics and contributory causes related to work zone crashes such as environmental conditions, vehicles, crashes, drivers, and roadways were analyzed for the five states for the period 2002-2006. An analysis of percentage-wise distributions was carried out for each variable based on different conditions. Results showed that most of the work zone crashes occurred under clear environmental conditions as during daylight, no adverse weather, etc. Multiple-vehicle crashes were more predominant than single-vehicle crashes in work zone crashes. Primary driver-contributing factors of work zone crashes were inattentive driving, following too close for conditions, failure to yield right of way, driving too fast for conditions, and exceeding posted speed limits within work zones. A test of independency was performed to find the relation between crash severity and other work zone variables for the combined states. In the second stage, a statistical model was developed to identify risk factors associated with work zone crashes. In order to predict injury severity of work zone crashes, an ordered probit model analysis was carried out using the Iowa work zone crash database. According to findings of the severity model, work zone crashes involving trucks, light duty vehicles, vehicles following too close, sideswipe collisions of same-direction vehicles, nondeployment of airbags, and driver age are some of the contributing factors towards more severe crashes.
| Author | : Dheeraj Varma Lakamraju |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 96 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Work zone crashes have been a major concern of safety for many government agencies and travelling public. According to Federal Highway Administration(FHWA) Fact & Statistics, there is need for maintenance, rehabilitation and advancement of existing road networks, which in turn lead to setup of large number of work zones throughout US which eventually impacts the regular traffic flow and safety. The main objective of this project was to find work zone crash characteristics and risk factors that affect the crash severity. For that purpose data relating to work zone crashes that occurred on all roadways in the state of California for the years 2011 to 2016 were obtained from Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS). A total of 12 variables with 45136 crashes were used to develop a crash severity model. The first step of the study was gathering literature on previous studies relating to work zone crash analysis. In the second step, the work zone crash data for each variable was analyzed based on crash severity and crash patterns were determined. In the third step, each variable was statistically analyzed to determine significant differences between the variable and the dependent variable using Pearson chi-square statistical test. A total of 10 variables out of 12 variables were found to have a significant relationship between the dependent variable. In the fourth step, a binary logistic regression model was used to determine significant predictors of fatal crashes. In this study, the independent variables such as location of crash, violation category, crash type, motor vehicle involved with, lighting condition, alcohol involved, and driver???s gender were found to be significant predictors of fatal crashes at work zones in the state of California for years 2011-2016.
| Author | : Sunanda Dissanayake |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : Roads |
| ISBN | : |
"The safe and efficient flow of traffic through work zones must be established by improving work zone conditions. Therefore, identifying the factors associated with the severity and the frequency of work zone crashes is important. According to current statistics from the Federal Highway Administration, 2,372 fatalities were associated with motor vehicle traffic crashes in work zones in the United States during the four years from 2010 to 2013. From 2002 to 2014, an average of 1,612 work zone crashes occurred in Kansas each year, making it a serious concern in Kansas. The objectives of this study were to analyze work zone crash characteristics, identify the factors associated with crash severity and frequency, and to identify recommendations to improve work zone safety. Work zone crashes in Kansas from 2010 to 2013 were used to develop crash severity models. Ordered probit regression was used to model the crash severities for daytime, nighttime, multi-vehicle and single-vehicle work zone crashes and for work zones crashes in general. Based on severity models, drivers from 26 to 65 years of age were associated with high crash severities during daytime work zone crashes and driver age was not found significant in nighttime work zone crashes. The use of safety equipment was related to reduced crash severities regardless of the time of the crash. Negative binomial regression was used to model the work zone crash frequency using work zones functioned in Kansas in 2013 and 2014. According to results, increased average daily traffic (AADT) was related to higher number of work zone crashes and work zones in operation at nighttime were related to a reduced number of work zone crashes. Findings of this study were used to provide general countermeasure ideas for improving safety of work zones" (page ii).
| Author | : Nicholas J. Garber |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 44 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Road work zones |
| ISBN | : |
Work zones tend to cause hazardous conditions for drivers and construction workers since they generate conflicts between construction activities and traffic. A clear understanding of the characteristics of work zone crashes will enhance the selection of the appropriate measures that can minimize the negative impacts of work zones. This study investigated the characteristics of work zone crashes that occurred in Virginia between 1996 and 1999. The information on each crash was obtained from the police crash record. The location of each crash was categorized as being in one of the five areas of a typical work zone: advance warning area, transition area, longitudinal buffer area, activity area, and termination area. An analysis of the percentage distributions was then carried out with respect to area in work zone, severity, type of collision, and type of highway. The proportionality test was used to determine significant differences at the 5 percent significance level. Selected crash characteristics, such as the proportions of single- and multi-vehicle crashes, were compared for work zone and non-work zone crashes. The results indicated that the activity area was the predominant location for work zone crashes regardless of highway type and that rear-end crashes were the predominant type of crash. The results also indicated that the proportion of sideswipe same direction crashes in the transition area was significantly higher than in the advance warning area and that work zone crashes involved a higher proportion of multi-vehicle crashes and fatal crashes than did non-work zone crashes.
| Author | : Suzanna Long |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : Road work zones |
| ISBN | : |
"This report discusses the usefulness of creating a work zone traffic safety culture as a methodology to improve the overall safety of both work zone personnel and the traveling public in Missouri. As part of this research, the existing MoDOT work zone rating survey was analyzed and augmented to collect the public's perception of work zone safety. Historical data on work zone crashes were evaluated to identify trends that are particular to severe crashes, and attributes that are associated with these crashes were identified. Results from the existing work zone rating survey show a difference in the stakeholders' percepetions regarding the adequacy of work zone warning signs and the safety level in traveling through work zones. Based on survey responses from current MoDOT employees, existing work zone warning signage and guidance (barrels, cones, and striping) are adequate to protect the driving public and are in accordance with the MoDOT Temporary Traffic Control Elements. However, responses from the general public reveal that a plurality of respondents perceived that the warning signs were insufficient in terms of the information provided, or the provided information was either inaccurate or wrongly placed. An evaluation of crash data shows that there is not an elevated risk in work zones when compared to non-work zones. Fatal and severe crashes occurred more frequently when roadway conditions were dark or involved multiple vehicle interactions. Contributing circumstances in work zone crashes involving vehicle interactions suggest that human factors are key risk elements. Solutions to mitigate fatal or severe crashes should include stakeholder education, higher enforcement and legislation designed to minimize distracted driving, and engineering solutions designed to increase driver awareness" (page viii).
| Author | : Simon Washington |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 496 |
| Release | : 2020-01-30 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0429520751 |
The book's website (with databases and other support materials) can be accessed here. Praise for the Second Edition: The second edition introduces an especially broad set of statistical methods ... As a lecturer in both transportation and marketing research, I find this book an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate, Master’s and Ph.D. students, covering topics from simple descriptive statistics to complex Bayesian models. ... It is one of the few books that cover an extensive set of statistical methods needed for data analysis in transportation. The book offers a wealth of examples from the transportation field. —The American Statistician Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis, Third Edition offers an expansion over the first and second editions in response to the recent methodological advancements in the fields of econometrics and statistics and to provide an increasing range of examples and corresponding data sets. It describes and illustrates some of the statistical and econometric tools commonly used in transportation data analysis. It provides a wide breadth of examples and case studies, covering applications in various aspects of transportation planning, engineering, safety, and economics. Ample analytical rigor is provided in each chapter so that fundamental concepts and principles are clear and numerous references are provided for those seeking additional technical details and applications. New to the Third Edition Updated references and improved examples throughout. New sections on random parameters linear regression and ordered probability models including the hierarchical ordered probit model. A new section on random parameters models with heterogeneity in the means and variances of parameter estimates. Multiple new sections on correlated random parameters and correlated grouped random parameters in probit, logit and hazard-based models. A new section discussing the practical aspects of random parameters model estimation. A new chapter on Latent Class Models. A new chapter on Bivariate and Multivariate Dependent Variable Models. Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis, Third Edition can serve as a textbook for advanced undergraduate, Masters, and Ph.D. students in transportation-related disciplines including engineering, economics, urban and regional planning, and sociology. The book also serves as a technical reference for researchers and practitioners wishing to examine and understand a broad range of statistical and econometric tools required to study transportation problems.
| Author | : Qing Wang |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
ABSTRACT: In USA, despite recent efforts to improve work zone safety, the number of crashes and fatalities at work zones has increased continuously over several past years. For addressing the existing safety problems, a clear understanding of the characteristics of work zone crashes is necessary. This thesis summarized a research study focusing on work zone traffic crash analysis to investigate the characteristics of work zone crashes and to identify the factors contributing to injury severity at work zones. These factors included roadway design, environmental conditions, traffic conditions and vehicle/driver features. Especially, special population groups, which divided into older, middle Age, and young, were inspected. This study was based on history crash data from the Florida State, which were extracted from the Florida CAR (Crash Analysis Reporting) system. Descriptive statistics method was used to find the characteristics of crashes at work zones. After then, an injury severity predict model, using the ordered probit regression technology, was developed to investigate the impacts of various factors on different the injury severity at work zones. From the model, it can be concluded that some factors, including the road section with curve, alcohol/drugs involved, a high speed, angle crash and too young or old drivers are more likely to increase the probability of angle crashes. Based on the magnitudes of the variable coefficients, the factor of maximum posted speed have a great impact to injury severity, which shows restriction to driving speed is principle countermeasure for improving work zone safety.
| Author | : Yong Bai |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 172 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Crash injuries |
| ISBN | : |
The primary objective of this research was to investigate the characteristics of fatal crashes and risk factors to these crashes in the work zones so that effective countermeasures could be developed and implemented in the near future. The objective was accomplished using a four-step approach.
| Author | : Jian John Lu |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 181 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : CD-ROMs |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Gerald L. Ullman |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 68 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Road work zones |
| ISBN | : 9780309446754 |
