Cause Of Cracking In High Performance Concrete Bridge Decks
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| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 112 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Concrete |
| ISBN | : |
Cracking is a major problem with newly placed concrete decks. These decks tend to develop full depth, transverse cracks and partial depth longitudinal cracks within a few months of the concrete being placed. A literature review showed that several other states had experienced similar problems. A review of data from Ohio bridge decks showed weak correlations between deck cracking and slump, time of year when the deck was placed, shrinkage, chloride permeability and compressive strength, but there was no clear relationship between cracking and any of these properties. Data also suggested that using a coarse aggregate with an absorption> 1% may help mitigate deck cracking but will not always stop it. As part of this study, 3 bridge decks were instrumented. One was a standard class "S" concrete deck and the other two were high performance concrete. The class "S" deck showed only hairline cracking after 1 year, but transverse cracking occurred in the HPC decks. Instruments were placed in the decks to monitor strains. From the data, it appears that cracking is caused by several factors. High heat of hydration caused the plastic concrete to expand. When the concrete sets and cools, tensile stressed develop. Further tensile stresses develop through drying shrinkage. Restraining the deck against normal thermal movement contributes to additional tensile stress. Autogeneous shrinkage, where high heats of hydration cause water evaporation during hydration, and plastic shrinkage may cause more tensile stress. Recommendations for mitigating cracking include using lower cement contents, adding pozzolans and retarders, using slightly higher water/cement ratios, using larger aggregates, taking steps to limit shrinkage and eliminating restraints.
| Author | : Xudong Shao |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 976 |
| Release | : 2024-01-18 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0443158665 |
Innovative Bridge Structures Based on Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC): Theory, Experiments and Applications introduces more than a dozen innovative bridge structures and engineering applications developed by the author's team based on UHPC. As the new bridge structure developed by UHPC can make outstanding contributions to the realization of the "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals" and "sustainable development," and since recent studies have shown that the application of UHPC is expected to greatly reduce the amount of materials and carbon emissions and prolong the life of the structure, this book is an ideal update on the topic. For example, after calculation, when UHPC is applied to the arch bridge with compression as the main stress characteristic, compared with the steel arch bridge, the dead weight of the UHPC arch bridge is basically the same, and the cost and carbon emission are only 34% and 20% of the latter. Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) as a new generation of civil structural materials has the characteristics of high strength, high toughness and high durability. Through the collaborative innovation of new materials and new structures, the application of UHPC in bridge engineering is expected to achieve the goal of economical, environmentally-friendly, durable and high performance of the main structure. - Teachers readers about the new structures and technologies in bridge engineering developed by the author's team based on UHPC - Provides relevant experimental studies and the mechanical properties of different UHPC structures - Helps users understand the design method and calculation theory of UHPC bridge structures - Covers the characteristics and advantages of new UHPC structures and technologies applied to engineering
| Author | : H. G. Russell |
| Publisher | : Transportation Research Board |
| Total Pages | : 188 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Bridges |
| ISBN | : 0309070112 |
At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
| Author | : John S. Lawler |
| Publisher | : Transportation Research Board |
| Total Pages | : 130 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : Aggregates (Building materials) |
| ISBN | : 0309098971 |
NCHRP Report 566 is designed to help facilitate the use of supplementary cementitious materials to enhance durability of concrete used in highway construction, especially bridge decks. The report includes a methodology for selecting optimum concrete mixture proportions that focuses on durability aspects of concrete and the performance requirements for specific environmental conditions. The methodology is presented in a text format and as a computational tool, in the form of a Visual Basic?driven Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Background information and a hypothetical case study was published as NCHRP Web-Only Document 110: Supplementary Cementitious Materials to Enhance Durability of Concrete Bridge Decks. The Statistical Experimental Design for Optimizing Concrete (SEDOC), the computational tool for the concrete mixture optimization methodology, and the user?s guide are available in a ZIP format for download.
| Author | : Pierre-Claude Aïtcin |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 624 |
| Release | : 1998-07-02 |
| Genre | : Architecture |
| ISBN | : 113582357X |
A complete review of the fast-developing topic of high performance concrete (HPC) by one of the leading researchers in the field. It covers all aspects of HPC from materials, properties and technology, to construction and testing. The book will be valuable for all concrete technologists and construction engineers wishing to take advantage of the re
| Author | : C. Petit |
| Publisher | : RILEM Publications |
| Total Pages | : 748 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Pavements |
| ISBN | : 9782912143471 |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 294 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Bridges |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : David Whiting |
| Publisher | : Transportation Research Board |
| Total Pages | : 124 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9780309062701 |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 620 |
| Release | : 1996 |
| Genre | : Mechanics, Applied |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Ekkehard Fehling |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 198 |
| Release | : 2015-04-20 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3433030871 |
Selected chapters from the German concrete yearbook are now being published in the new English "Beton-Kalender Series" for the benefit of an international audience. Since it was founded in 1906, the Ernst & Sohn "Beton-Kalender" has been supporting developments in reinforced and prestressed concrete. The aim was to publish a yearbook to reflect progress in "ferro-concrete" structures until - as the book's first editor, Fritz von Emperger (1862-1942), expressed it - the "tempestuous development" in this form of construction came to an end. However, the "Beton-Kalender" quickly became the chosen work of reference for civil and structural engineers, and apart from the years 1945-1950 has been published annually ever since. Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is a milestone in concrete technology and application. It permits the construction of both more slender and more durable concrete structures with a prolonged service life and thus improved sustainability. This book is a comprehensive overview of UHPC - from the principles behind its production and its mechanical properties to design and detailing aspects. The focus is on the material behaviour of steel fibre-reinforced UHPC. Numerical modelling and detailing of the connections with reinforced concrete elements are featured as well. Numerous examples worldwide - bridges, columns, facades and roofs - are the basis for additional explanations about the benefits of UHPC and how it helps to realise several architectural requirements. The authors are extensively involved in the testing, design, construction and monitoring of UHPC structures. What they provide here is therefore a unique synopsis of the state of the art with a view to practical applications.
