An Introduction to Probability and Inductive Logic

An Introduction to Probability and Inductive Logic
Author: Ian Hacking
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 326
Release: 2001-07-02
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780521775014

An introductory 2001 textbook on probability and induction written by a foremost philosopher of science.

The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Paternalism

The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Paternalism
Author: Kalle Grill
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 498
Release: 2018-01-17
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1317326989

While paternalism has been a long-standing philosophical issue, it has recently received renewed attention among scholars and the general public. The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Paternalism is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems and debates in this exciting subject and is the first collection of its kind. Comprising twenty-seven chapters by a team of international contributors the handbook is divided into five parts: • What is Paternalism? • Paternalism and Ethical Theory • Paternalism and Political Philosophy • Paternalism without Coercion • Paternalism in Practice Within these sections central debates, issues and questions are examined, including: how should paternalism be defined or characterized? How is paternalism related to such moral notions as rights, well-being, and autonomy? When is paternalism morally objectionable? What are the legitimate limits of government benevolence? To what extent should medical practice be paternalistic? The Routledge Handbook of the Philosophy of Paternalism is essential reading for students and researchers in applied ethics and political philosophy. The handbook will also be very useful for those in related fields, such as law, medicine, sociology and political science.

Game Theory and Strategy

Game Theory and Strategy
Author: Philip D. Straffin
Publisher: American Mathematical Society
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2023-01-06
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1470471965

This book is an introduction to mathematical game theory, which might better be called the mathematical theory of conflict and cooperation. It is applicable whenever two individuals—or companies, or political parties, or nations—confront situations where the outcome for each depends on the behavior of all. What are the best strategies in such situations? If there are chances of cooperation, with whom should you cooperate, and how should you share the proceeds of cooperation? Since its creation by John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern in 1944, game theory has shed new light on business, politics, economics, social psychology, philosophy, and evolutionary biology. In this book, its fundamental ideas are developed with mathematics at the level of high school algebra and applied to many of these fields (see the table of contents). Ideas like “fairness” are presented via axioms that fair allocations should satisfy; thus the reader is introduced to axiomatic thinking as well as to mathematical modeling of actual situations.