Oxidation procedures based on the chlorine-hypochlorite system were investigated for improving gold recovery from carbonaceous gold ores. The oxidation pretreatment prior to cyanidation was accomplished by (1) addition of sodium hypochlorite to ore pulp, (2) by addition of chlorine to ore pulp, and (3) by generation of hypochlorite in situ by electrolysis of a brine solution used to pulp the ore. Gold extraction of 90 pct was achieved by cyanidation of carbonaceous ore that had been pretreated with 20 lb per ton sodium hypochlorite at 50° C for 4 hours. Similarly, pretreatment of the ore pulp with 35 lb chlorine per ton at 24° to 30° C and 15 hours reaction time resulted in 89-pct gold extraction by subsequent cyaanidation. Concomitant studies showed that electrolyzing the pulp prepared with a brine solution was equally as effective as electrolyzing hypochlorite and chlorine for oxidizing carbonaceous ore constituents that are deleterious to cyanidation. Gold extraction of 90 pct was obtained by electrolysis when 275 lb of ore was treated at 200 amp for 7 hours in an 8- to 10-pct salt solution. Power consumption was in the range of 60 kwhr per ton.