Caprolactam Production from Toluene - Cost Analysis - Caprolactam E61A

Caprolactam Production from Toluene - Cost Analysis - Caprolactam E61A
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
Total Pages: 102
Release: 2019-09-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

This report presents a cost analysis of Caprolactam production from toluene. The process examined involves the following steps: toluene is oxidized to benzoic acid; benzoic acid is hydrogenated to hexahydrobenzoic acid; and hexahydrobenzoic acid is converted to caprolactam. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: SNIA, Viscosa, Oxidation, Hydrogenation, Lactam, Caproic Acid

Handbook of Biomaterial Properties

Handbook of Biomaterial Properties
Author: William Murphy
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 676
Release: 2016-06-11
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1493933051

This book provides tabular and text data relating to normal and diseased tissue materials and materials used in medical devices. Comprehensive and practical for students, researchers, engineers, and practicing physicians who use implants, this book considers the materials aspects of both implantable materials and natural tissues and fluids. Examples of materials and topics covered include titanium, elastomers, degradable biomaterials, composites, scaffold materials for tissue engineering, dental implants, sterilization effects on material properties, metallic alloys, and much more. Each chapter author considers the intrinsic and interactive properties of biomaterials, as well as their appropriate applications and historical contexts. Now in an updated second edition, this book also contains two new chapters on the cornea and on vocal folds, as well as updated insights, data, and citations for several chapters.

Electrolytes for Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries

Electrolytes for Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries
Author: T. Richard Jow
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2014-05-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1493903020

Electrolytes for Lithium and Lithium-ion Batteries provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific understanding and technological development of electrolyte materials in the last several years. This book covers key electrolytes such as LiPF6 salt in mixed-carbonate solvents with additives for the state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries as well as new electrolyte materials developed recently that lay the foundation for future advances. This book also reviews the characterization of electrolyte materials for their transport properties, structures, phase relationships, stabilities, and impurities. The book discusses in-depth the electrode-electrolyte interactions and interphasial chemistries that are key for the successful use of the electrolyte in practical devices. The Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Dynamical calculations that has proved to be so powerful in understanding and predicating behavior and properties of materials is also reviewed in this book. Electrolytes for Lithium and Lithium-ion Batteries is ideal for electrochemists, engineers, researchers interested in energy science and technology, material scientists, and physicists working on energy.

Caprolactam Production from Benzene - Cost Analysis - Caprolactam E11A

Caprolactam Production from Benzene - Cost Analysis - Caprolactam E11A
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec
Total Pages: 102
Release: 2017-06-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1641480874

This report presents a cost analysis of Caprolactam production from benzene The process examined involves the following steps: benzene is hydrogenated to cyclohexane; cyclohexane is oxidized to a mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone; cyclohexanol is dehydrogenated to cyclohexanone; cyclohexanone undergoes an oximation reaction with hydroxilamine; and the oxime produced is rearranged to Caprolactam. Ammonium sulfate is also generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) "Caprolactam", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition (2) "Cyclohexane", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 7th edition Keywords: Cyclohexanone, Cyclohexanol, Lactam Synthesis, Lactam Purification, Ammonium Sulfate Crystallization

Applications of Electrochemistry in Medicine

Applications of Electrochemistry in Medicine
Author: Mordechay Schlesinger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 457
Release: 2013-03-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1461461480

Medical Applications of Electrochemistry, a volume of the series Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry, illustrates the interdisciplinary nature of modern science by indicating the many current issues in medicine that are susceptible to solution by electrochemical methods. This book also suggests how personalized medicine can develop.

Bones

Bones
Author: John D. Currey
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 456
Release: 2006-07-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0691128049

This is a comprehensive and accessible overview of what is known about the structure and mechanics of bone, bones, and teeth. In it, John Currey incorporates critical new concepts and findings from the two decades of research since the publication of his highly regarded The Mechanical Adaptations of Bones. Crucially, Currey shows how bone structure and bone's mechanical properties are intimately bound up with each other and how the mechanical properties of the material interact with the structure of whole bones to produce an adapted structure. For bone tissue, the book discusses stiffness, strength, viscoelasticity, fatigue, and fracture mechanics properties. For whole bones, subjects dealt with include buckling, the optimum hollowness of long bones, impact fracture, and properties of cancellous bone. The effects of mineralization on stiffness and toughness and the role of microcracking in the fracture process receive particular attention. As a zoologist, Currey views bone and bones as solutions to the design problems that vertebrates have faced during their evolution and throughout the book considers what bones have been adapted to do. He covers the full range of bones and bony tissues, as well as dentin and enamel, and uses both human and non-human examples. Copiously illustrated, engagingly written, and assuming little in the way of prior knowledge or mathematical background, Bones is both an ideal introduction to the field and also a reference sure to be frequently consulted by practicing researchers.

Bone Mechanics

Bone Mechanics
Author: Stephen C. Cowin
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 328
Release: 1989
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

This informative volume summarizes what is known about bone mechanics. It describes the methods used to acquire that knowledge and suggests the nature of future research on this topic. This easy-to-read book keeps mathematical notation simple and minimal and presents data in summary form. Bone Mechanics is concerned with the mechanical behavior and functional stress adaptation of whole bones as structural elements, the mechanical behavior and functional adaptation of bone tissue as material, and the physiological significance of the mechanical properties of bone and the biological response of bone to applied stress. Orthopaedic surgeons, dentists, anatomists, biologists, biomedical engineers and physiologists are among those who will find this volume to be of interest.