Document aims to provide Parliamentarians with plain language background & analysis of proposed legislation. Bill C-32 would replace the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA). CEPA is Canada's principal piece of federal environmental protection legislation. The new act would make pollution prevention the cornerstone of national efforts to reduce toxic substances in the environment; implement a fast track approach to evaluating & controlling toxic substances; ensure the most harmful substances are phased out, or not released into the environment in any measurable quantity; improve enforcement of regulations; encourage greater citizen participation; improve whistleblower protection to encourage reporting of violations; & allow for effective co-operation & partnership with other governments & Aboriginal peoples. This paper describes each clause including those that touch on these topics: pollution prevention; controlling toxic substances; animate products of biotechnology; managing wastes; protection of the marine environment from land-based pollution sources; disposal at sea; fuels; vehicle, engine & equipment emissions; international air or water pollution; movement of hazardous waste & recyclable material; emergencies; enforcement.