The Endothelium

The Endothelium
Author: Michel Félétou
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Total Pages: 309
Release: 2011
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1615041230

The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References

Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells

Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells
Author: Juliusz Ashot Kozak
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 343
Release: 2017-07-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 149875273X

Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells focuses on methods of investigating the structure and function of non-voltage gated calcium channels. Each chapter presents important discoveries in calcium entry pathways, specifically dealing with the molecular identification of store-operated calcium channels which were reviewed by earlier volumes in the Methods in Signal Transduction series. Crystallographic and pharmacological approaches to the study of calcium channels of epithelial cells are also discussed. Calcium ion is a messenger in most cell types. Whereas voltage gated calcium channels have been studied extensively, the non-voltage gated calcium entry channel genes have only been identified relatively recently. The book will fill this important niche.

Calcium Signaling: From Physiology to Diseases

Calcium Signaling: From Physiology to Diseases
Author: Senthilkumar Rajagopal
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 106
Release: 2017-09-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9811051607

This book focuses on disorders of calcium channels and the use of drugs to treat calcium-related disorders and their associated toxicities. In particular, it discusses the role of various natural products and their attributes in preventing problems associated with calcium imbalances. In addition, the book analyzes trends in the processing of natural products using nanotechnology and their implications in calcium-related disorders. Lastly, it explores some of the most promising aspects of research into calcium signalling disorders – which is especially important, given the wide variety of cellular processes that are controlled by calcium ions – and provides a trustworthy source of up-to-date information in this area of research.

Calcium Signalling and Disease

Calcium Signalling and Disease
Author: Ernesto Carafoli
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 591
Release: 2007-09-29
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1402061919

Authors highlight several promising discoveries in the field of calcium signaling that provide new information about both genetic and acquired pathologies. Their discussions will give you new insights into the underlying causes of congenital and acquired diseases and point the way to new, even more promising research and therapies.

Store-Operated Calcium Channels

Store-Operated Calcium Channels
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 307
Release: 2013-07-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0124079385

Store-operated calcium channels are found in most animal cells and regulate many cellular functions including cell division, growth, differentiation, and cell death. This volume provides a concise and informative overview of the principles of store-operated calcium entry and the key developments in the field from researchers who have led these advances. The overall goal of the volume is to provide interested students and investigators with sufficient information to enable a broad understanding of the progress and current excitement in the field. The volume contains a wealth of information that even experienced investigators in the field will find useful. - The volume provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and functions of store-operated calcium channels - Contributors are authoritative researchers who have produced important advances in the field - The volume is well-illustrated with cartoons and data to facilitate easy comprehension of the subject

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence
Author: Michael L. Vasil
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press
Total Pages: 1189
Release: 2012-12-05
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1555816762

A comprehensive compendium of scholarly contributions relating to bacterial virulence gene regulation. • Provides insights into global control and the switch between distinct infectious states (e.g., acute vs. chronic). • Considers key issues about the mechanisms of gene regulation relating to: surface factors, exported toxins and export mechanisms. • Reflects on how the regulation of intracellular lifestyles and the response to stress can ultimately have an impact on the outcome of an infection. • Highlights and examines some emerging regulatory mechanisms of special significance. • Serves as an ideal compendium of valuable topics for students, researchers and faculty with interests in how the mechanisms of gene regulation ultimately affect the outcome of an array of bacterial infectious diseases.

Calcium Signaling

Calcium Signaling
Author: Martin D. Bootman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2012
Genre: Calcium
ISBN: 9780879699031

Calcium ions play a critical role in signaling in a wide variety of cells and tissues, including muscle, immune cells, neurons, the liver, and oocytes. They can enter the cytoplasm from the extracellular environment or from intracellular stores and control the activity of numerous enzymes, other signaling molecules, transcription factors, and cytoskeletal components. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology explores the channels and pumps that transport calcium between different compartments and the regulation of calcium fluxes. The contributors discuss calcium buffers and sensors and how these produce distinct spatiotemporal calcium signals in different circumstances. Including discussions of calcium signaling during development and normal physiology, as well as perturbed signaling in diseases such as diabetes, neurodegeneration, and atherosclerosis, the volume is an indispensable reference for biochemists, cell and developmental biologists, and physiologists seeking a comprehensive treatment of calcium biology.

Calcium Signaling

Calcium Signaling
Author: Md. Shahidul Islam
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 1103
Release: 2019-10-23
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030124576

This volume contains a unique selection of chapters covering a wealth of contemporary topics in this ubiquitous and diverse system of cell signaling. It offers much more than the accessibility and authority of a primary text book, exploring topics ranging from the fundamental aspects of calcium signaling to its varied clinical implications. It presents comprehensive discussion of cutting-edge research alongside detailed analysis of critical issues, at the same time as setting out testable hypotheses that point the way to future scientific endeavors. The contributions feature material on theoretical and methodological topics as well as related subjects including mathematical modeling and simulations. They examine calcium signaling in a host of contexts, from mammalian cells to bacteria, fruit fly and zebrafish. With much of interest to newcomers to the field as well as seasoned experts, this new publication is both wide-ranging and authoritative. The chapter “Calcium Signaling: From Basic to Bedside” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Fundamentals of Intracellular Calcium

Fundamentals of Intracellular Calcium
Author: Anthony K. Campbell
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 468
Release: 2017-08-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1118941888

The definitive text on the key component for cell functions—intracellular calcium This comprehensive book reveals the evidence for intracellular calcium as a universal switch in all animal, plant, fungal and microbial cells. It shows how the components required for calcium signaling are named and classified; covers the technology that has been developed to study intracellular calcium; describes how calcium is regulated inside cells and how it works to trigger an event; explains the role of intracellular calcium in disease, cell injury, and cell death; reveals how many drugs work through the calcium signaling system; and demonstrates how intracellular calcium is involved in the action of many natural toxins. The book also illustrates how the intracellular calcium signaling system has evolved over millions of years, showing why it was crucial to the origin of life. Additionally, the book promotes the importance of the molecular variation upon which the intracellular calcium signalling system depends. Featuring more than 100 figures (including detailed chemical structures as well as pictures of key pioneers in the field), a bibliography of some 1000 references, and a detailed subject index, this definitive work provides a unique source of scholarship for teachers and researchers in the biomedical sciences and beyond. Emphasizes two key scientific principles—the first to show how intracellular Ca2+ acts as a switch, to activate a wide range of cellular events, and the second demonstrating how an analogue mechanism can be superimposed on such a process Written by an internationally recognized expert in the field Filled with images and references to facilitate learning Fundamentals of Intracellular Calcium is an all-important text for post-graduate students and researchers working in biomedicine and biochemistry. It is also essential for undergraduate lecturers and their students in physiology, medicine, pharmacy, and the biosciences.

Microglia in the Regenerating and Degenerating Central Nervous System

Microglia in the Regenerating and Degenerating Central Nervous System
Author: Wolfgang J. Streit
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 364
Release: 2002-01-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780387953014

The study of microglial cells has recently gained importance for those researching degeneration and regeneration. Microglia in the regenerating and degenerating CNS supports the assertion that understanding microglial biology could perhaps be pivotal for unraveling the pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie Alzheimer's disease, In addition, microglia are also critical for understanding the sequelae of traumatic brain and spinal cord injury, and for the important post-traumatic repair processes. This book gives an up to date account of the role of microglia in degeneration and regeneration of the nervous system and reviews their cell function and physiology.