Background and Objectives Despite global progress on reducing malnutrition, micronutrient-inadequate diets still contribute to a large public health burden in many underdeveloped regions. These deficiencies are a product of both lack of sufficient affordable diverse foods in local food systems, as well as lack of demand for such foods by consumers. A dual approach may thus be taken in addressing micronutrient inadequacy of diet: supply-based agriculture interventions to increase the availability of micronutrient-rich foods, and demand-based nutrition education interventions to increase demand for those foods. Introduction of vitamin-A rich orange-flesh sweet potato (OFSP) to East African food system using both supply- and demand-based strategies has been shown to improve multiple markers of vitamin A (VA) status in women and children. These improvements have been seen even when the OFSP has been introduced without intensive nutrition education components. VA deficiency particularly in women and children remains a major problem in North India, however the potential of OFSP to improve VA intake in this context has never been examined. This study tests the effectiveness of an integrated agriculture-nutrition intervention on cultivation and consumption of OFSP and proper feeding for young children. Specifically, this study aims to: 1) Understand whether and how the integration of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions can work in synergy to improve the magnitude and sustainability of nutrition outcomes; 2) Demonstrate the extent to which OFSP promotion can overcome the challenges and seize opportunities for introducing new crops into rural value chains with the objective of improving diets; 3) Better explain the demand and supply constraints and opportunities for orange-flesh sweet potato in the Indian context to inform future interventions. Methods/ Approach Ten villages in northeast Uttar Pradesh with agroclimates suitable for OFSP production were provided with OFSP vines and 6 monthly field trainings on cultivation methods and simple messages on the health benefits of consuming OFSP (Ag-Only model). Five of these villages were randomly selected to also receive intensive monthly nutrition education programs targeted at caretakers of young children with messages designed based on previous observations of child feeding patterns (Ag+Nutr model). Five other villages were randomly selected to serve as control villages and received no intervention. Outcomes and indicators were assessed a survey on knowledge, attitudes, and practices that were delivered to every household in intervention (n=1120) and control (n=246) villages at baseline t, midline t+6 months, and endline t+12 months. From each village, 25 mother-child pairs were randomly selected and surveyed at the same three timepoints with 24-hour quantitative dietary recalls for both mother and child, and 7-day vitamin-A focused food frequency questionnaires for children. Outcomes were assessed at endline using difference in difference. Outcomes assessed were nutrition knowledge, persistence of OFSP cultivation, and maternal and child consumption of vitamin A. Findings and Interpretations We find both interventions groups to have significantly increased knowledge of OFSP, vitamin A, and infant and young child feeding practices as compared to control villages. Nearly all (94%) of households in the intervention villages were aware of OFSP, compared to 34.6% of control households. There was no significant difference between Ag-Only and Ag+Nutr village households in knowledge at any time point nor in change over time. In the first season 25.8% and 16.8% of households in Ag-Only and Ag+Nutr villages respectively cultivated OFSP versus zero baseline cultivation. In the second season one year later, cultivation declined to 8.6% and 5.1% of households. There was no significant difference in persistence of cultivation into the endline period between Ag-Only and Ag+Nutr villages.