Budget Institutions in Low-Income Countries

Budget Institutions in Low-Income Countries
Author: Mr.Sanjeev Gupta
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 35
Release: 2014-09-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498329438

This paper presents twelve budget institutions that can support planning and delivery of credible fiscal strategies in the fiscal policy-making process. The resulting framework is applied to seven low-income countries and the status of their budget institutions compared to the G-20 advanced and emerging market economies. The paper then presents recommendations for designing and implementing appropriate fiscal strategy for low- income countries. Particular attention is paid to prioritization and sequencing of reform efforts.

Budget Institutions and Fiscal Performance in Low-Income Countries

Budget Institutions and Fiscal Performance in Low-Income Countries
Author: Victor Duarte Lledo
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 58
Release: 2010-03-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451982232

This paper presents, for the first time, multi-dimensional indices of the quality of budget institutions in low-income countries. The indices allow for benchmarking against the performance of middle-income countries, across regions, and according to different institutional arrangements that deliver good fiscal performance. Using the constructed indices, the paper provides preliminary empirical support for the hypotheses that strong budget institutions help improve fiscal balances and public external debt outcomes; and countries with stronger fiscal institutions have better scope to conduct countercyclical policies.

Budgeting and Budgetary Institutions

Budgeting and Budgetary Institutions
Author: Anwar Shah
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 588
Release: 2007
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0821369407

Budgeting and budgetary institutions play a critical role in resource allocation, government accountability, and improved fiscal and social outcomes. This volume distills lessons from practices in designing better fiscal institutions, citizen friendly budgets, and open and transparent processes of budget preparation and execution. It also highlights newer concepts of performance budgeting, accrual accounting, activity based costing, and the use of information and communication technology in budgeting. These tools of analysis are supplemented by a review of budgeting in post-conflict countries and two country case studies on the reform of budgeting systems.

Planning and Budgeting in Poor Countries

Planning and Budgeting in Poor Countries
Author: Naomi Caiden
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
Total Pages: 410
Release: 1980-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781412830881

This substantial treatment of budgeting in poor countries and discussion of the relationship between planning and budgeting covers over eighty nations and three-fourths of the worlds population. While there are many treatments of planning, the approach of this study is radically different. The authors argue that the requisites of comprehensive economic planning do not exist in poor countries, and that in the effort to create them, planners merge into the environment they have set out to change. Caiden and Wildavsky provide a unique and thorough examination of planning and budgeting by governments of poor countries throughout the world, and recommend reforms that are workable and realistic for these countries. They analyze the political, economic, and social developments that influence budgeting and planning in developing countries.

Budget Institutions in G-20 Countries - An Update

Budget Institutions in G-20 Countries - An Update
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 49
Release: 2014-07-04
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498343546

The recent crisis left many G-20 countries with significant fiscal consolidation needs. There is evidence that well-designed budget institutions can help countries to plan and deliver successful fiscal adjustments. A 2010 internal IMF study identified ten budget institutions which can support the consolidation process, assessed their strength in each G-20 country, and identified priorities for institutional reform. Following consultations with all G-20 countries and using a revised evaluation framework, this paper: (i) reports on progress in strengthening their budget institutions; (ii) analyzes their impact on post-crisis fiscal performance; and (iii) makes recommendations for further institutional reform

The Challenge of Reforming Budgetary Institutions in Developing Countries

The Challenge of Reforming Budgetary Institutions in Developing Countries
Author: Richard Allen
Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Total Pages: 28
Release: 2009-05-01
Genre:
ISBN: 9781451872439

The paper notes that the development of sound budgetary institutions in countries such as France, the U.K. and the U.S. has taken a very long time?200 years or more?and is still evolving. It discusses Douglass North's prediction?which is supported by available data?that institutional reform is also likely to be very slow in developing countries since the budget is especially prone to rent-seeking influences. Finally, the paper discusses the currently fashionable emphasis on complex, multiannual PFM reform strategies, which have been strongly promoted by the donor community; and advocates a simpler approach grounded on Schick's important principle of "getting the basics right." The paper identifies several areas where further research would be fruitful.

Budget Institutions in G-20 Countries - Country Evaluations

Budget Institutions in G-20 Countries - Country Evaluations
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 104
Release: 2014-07-04
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1498343562

The central government publishes comprehensive financial statements, which include the social security funds and balance sheets with all financial assets and liabilities. Audited financial statements are published more than nine months after the end of the fiscal year. The 2004 Fiscal Responsibility Law (LRF), introduced a number of key reforms in public financial management which apply to the central and most of the first layer of sub-national governments. The reforms include establishment of a macro-fiscal framework, fiscal rules, a medium-term budget framework (MTBF), a system of quarterly budget execution reports, and the Federal Council on Fiscal Responsibility (FCFR) which is tasked to enforce the provisions of the LRF However, there are problems with the LRF and its implementation: (i) the out-years of the MTBF are indicative only; (ii) several LRF provisions have been suspended or relaxed since 2009; (iii) some provinces are not complying with their obligations under the law; and (iv) membership in the FCFR is not mandatory and adherence to the LRF is voluntary. The FCFR comprises of representatives of the central government, the city of Buenos Aires,1 and 21 of the 23 provincial governments. Nonetheless, the law has significantly increased the capacity to coordinate fiscal policies across levels of government and individual jurisdictions. Differences between macroeconomic and fiscal forecasts and outturns are not analyzed. Limited information is presented on fiscal risks. Budget execution control and reporting have been strengthened through a series of upgrades to the Integrated Financial Management Information System (SIDIF), which began operations in 1993.

Budget Deficits and Budget Institutions

Budget Deficits and Budget Institutions
Author: Mr.Alberto Alesina
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 36
Release: 1996-05-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451847203

By discussing the available theoretical and empirical literature, this paper argues that budget procedures and budget institutions do influence budget outcomes. Budget institutions include both procedural rules and balanced budget laws. We critically assess theoretical contributions in this area and suggest several open and unresolved issue. We also examine the empirical evidence drawn from studies on samples of OECD countries, Latin American countries and the United States. We conclude with a discussion of the normative implications of this literature and with some concrete proposals.