Brazil An Interpretation
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Author | : Gilberto Freyre |
Publisher | : Freyre Press |
Total Pages | : 204 |
Release | : 2008-11 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1443728640 |
BRAZIL- AN INTERPRETATION by GILBERTO FREYRE. Contents include: PREFACE v i. THE EUROPEAN BACKGROUND OF BRAZILIAN HISTORY i ii. FRONTIER AND PLANTATION IN BRAZIL 35 in. BRAZILIAN UNITY AND BRAZILIAN REGIONAL DIVERSITY 66 iv. ETHNIC AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS IN MODERN BRAZIL 91 v. BRAZILIAN FOREIGN POLICY AS CONDI TIONED BY BRAZIL'S ETHNIC, CULTURAL, AND GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATION 123 vi. THE MODERN LITERATURE OF BRAZIL: ITS RELATION TO BRAZILIAN SOCIAL PROBLEMS 155 INDEX follows page 179. PREFACE: These lectures were delivered on the Patten Foun dation at Indiana University during the autumn of 1944. As in my previous essays and lectures on the social history of Brazil, published in Portuguese, Spanish, and English, the point of view is that of one r who at tempts to suggest a philosophy of Brazilian ethnic and social fusionism not the point of vie e w of rigidly impartial historians or sociologists, if such his torians and sociologists really exist. As a work of interpretation or synthesis, prepared especially for an Anglo-American public, these lectures are based on the various monographs that the author has written on the subject. In these monographs, particularly in Casa Grande & Senzala, published in Portuguese and Spanish and soon forth coming in English, the reader will find a more detailed presentation of a number of the topics here discussed and also fuller bibliographies. G. F. I: THE EUROPEAN BACKGROUND OF BRAZILIAN HISTORY. BRAZIL, which was discovered and colonized by the Portuguese, is sometimes called Portuguese America. As Portuguese America it is generally considered an ex tension of Europe, and in its main characteristics it remains Portuguese and Hispanic, or Iberian. It isalso Catholic, or a branch or variant of the Latin form of Christianity or civilization. But the facts that its origins are mainly Portuguese or Hispanic and that its principal characteristics are Latin Catholic do not make of Brazil so simple or pure an extension of Europe as New England was of old England and as New England was of Protestant or Evangelical Christianity in North America. For, as everyone knows, Spain and Portugal, though conven tionally European . states, are not orthodox in all their European and Christian qualities, experiences, and con ditions of life, but are in many important respects a mixture of Europe and Africa, of Christianity and Mo hammedanism. According to geographers the Hispanic peninsula is a transition zone between two continents; it is a popular saying that Africa begins in the Pyrenees a saying sometimes used sarcastically by Nordics. For eight centuries the Hispanic, or Iberian, penin sula was dominated by Africans. Arabs and Moors left their trace there. Though some of the modern Spanish and Portuguese thinkers ( like Unamuno) would have Spain and Portugal Europeanized with all speed, others ( like Ganivet) maintain that Spain and Portugal must look south, to Africa, for their future and for the ex planation of their ethos.
Author | : Milton Tosto |
Publisher | : Lexington Books |
Total Pages | : 214 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9780739109861 |
The Meaning of Liberalism in Brazil explores the consequences of globalization in emerging-market economies using Brazil as a case study. This well-researched and thought provoking book elaborates a new interpretation of Brazilian society by showing the relationship between political thought and economics, as well as how the two disciplines can interact, working together to shape a nation. Milton Tosto Jr. carefully traces the meaning of liberalism throughout Brazilian history, explaining liberalism's birth and collapse, and ultimately offers reasons why the new liberal institutions of Brazil have an excellent chance of prospering. Anyone interested in economics, political theory, or Latin American studies will find this unique and insightful volume helpful.
Author | : Roberto da Matta |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 300 |
Release | : 1991 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : |
Encompassing half the continent of South America, Brazil is one of the most modern, complex, and misunderstood nations. Renowned Brazilian anthropologist Roberto DaMatta takes the misconceptions and offers a fresh, provocative interpretation of the complexity of social structure in Brazil. Using the tools of comparative social anthropology, DaMatta seeks to understand his native country by examining the values, attitudes, and systems that shape the identity of Brazil and its people. He probes the dilemma between the highly authoritarian, hierarchical aspects of Brazilian society and the concurrent desire for equality, democracy, and harmony in that same society. DaMatta leads us on a fascinating exploration into the the world of Brazilian carnivals, rogues, and heroes, and in so doing uncovers a deeper meaning of the rituals, symbols, and dramatizations unique to Brazil and its multifaceted society.
Author | : Edward E. Telles |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 337 |
Release | : 2006-09-25 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 0691127921 |
This is the most comprehensive and up-to-date book on the increasingly important and controversial subject of race relations in Brazil. North American scholars of race relations frequently turn to Brazil for comparisons, since its history has many key similarities to that of the United States. Brazilians have commonly compared themselves with North Americans, and have traditionally argued that race relations in Brazil are far more harmonious because the country encourages race mixture rather than formal or informal segregation. More recently, however, scholars have challenged this national myth, seeking to show that race relations are characterized by exclusion, not inclusion, and that fair-skinned Brazilians continue to be privileged and hold a disproportionate share of wealth and power. In this sociological and demographic study, Edward Telles seeks to understand the reality of race in Brazil and how well it squares with these traditional and revisionist views of race relations. He shows that both schools have it partly right--that there is far more miscegenation in Brazil than in the United States--but that exclusion remains a serious problem. He blends his demographic analysis with ethnographic fieldwork, history, and political theory to try to "understand" the enigma of Brazilian race relations--how inclusiveness can coexist with exclusiveness. The book also seeks to understand some of the political pathologies of buying too readily into unexamined ideas about race relations. In the end, Telles contends, the traditional myth that Brazil had harmonious race relations compared with the United States encouraged the government to do almost nothing to address its shortcomings.
Author | : Courtney J. Campbell |
Publisher | : University of Pittsburgh Press |
Total Pages | : 301 |
Release | : 2022-05-31 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0822987627 |
The Brazilian Northeast has long been a marginalized region with a complex relationship to national identity. It is often portrayed as impoverished, backward, and rebellious, yet traditional and culturally authentic. Brazil is known for its strong national identity, but national identities do not preclude strong regional identities. In Region Out of Place, Courtney J. Campbell examines how groups within the region have asserted their identity, relevance, and uniqueness through interactions that transcend national borders. From migration to labor mobilization, from wartime dating to beauty pageants, from literacy movements to representations of banditry in film, Campbell explores how the development of regional cultural identity is a modern, internationally embedded conversation that circulated among Brazilians of every social class. Part of a region-based nationalism that reflects the anxiety that conflicting desires for modernity, progress, and cultural authenticity provoked in the twentieth century, this identity was forged by residents who continually stepped out of their expected roles, taking their region’s concerns to an international stage.
Author | : Peter R. Kingstone |
Publisher | : University of Pittsburgh Pre |
Total Pages | : 364 |
Release | : 2000-02-15 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9780822972075 |
After 21 years of military rule, Brazil returned to democracy in 1985. Over the past decade and a half, Brazilians in the Nova Repœblica (New Republic) have struggled with a range of diverse challenges that have tested the durability and quality of the young democracy. How well have they succeeded? To what extent can we say that Brazilian democracy has consolidated? What actors, institutions, and processes have emerged as most salient over the past 15 years? Although Brazil is Latin America's largest country, the world's third largest democracy, and a country with a population and GNP larger than Yeltsin's Russia, more than a decade has passed since the last collaborative effort to examine regime change in Brazil, and no work in English has yet provided a comprehensive appraisal of Brazilian democracy in the period since 1985. Democratic Brazil: Actors, Institutions, and Processes analyzes Brazilian democracy in a comprehensive, systematic fashion, covering the full period of the New Republic from Presidents Sarney to Cardoso. Democratic Brazil brings together twelve top scholars, the "next generation of Brazilianists," with wide-ranging specialties including institutional analysis, state autonomy, federalism and decentralization, economic management and business-state relations, the military, the Catholic Church and the new religious pluralism, social movements, the left, regional integration, demographic change, and human rights and the rule of law. Each chapter focuses on a crucial process or actor in the New Republic, with emphasis on its relationship to democratic consolidation. The volume also contains a comprehensive bibliography on Brazilian politics and society since 1985. Prominent Brazilian historian Thomas Skidmore has contributed a foreword to the volume. Democratic Brazil speaks to a wide audience, including Brazilianists, Latin Americanists generally, students of comparative democratization, as well as specialists within the various thematic subfields represented by the contributors. Written in a clear, accessible style, the book is ideally suited for use in upper-level undergraduate courses and graduate seminars on Latin American politics and development.
Author | : Izabel Emilia Telles de Vasconcelos Souza |
Publisher | : Medical Information Science Reference |
Total Pages | : 400 |
Release | : 2019-10 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781522593089 |
"This book examines the field of medical interpreting. It also provides a holistic view on medical interpreting and addresses the educational, ethical, pedagogical, and specialized aspects of medical interpreting"--Provided by publisher.
Author | : Marshall C. Eakin |
Publisher | : Univ of Wisconsin Press |
Total Pages | : 544 |
Release | : 2005-10-31 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 9780299207700 |
Envisioning Brazil is a comprehensive and sweeping assessment of Brazilian studies in the United States. Focusing on synthesis and interpretation and assessing trends and perspectives, this reference work provides an overview of the writings on Brazil by United States scholars since 1945. "The Development of Brazilian Studies in the United States," provides an overview of Brazilian Studies in North American universities. "Perspectives from the Disciplines" surveys the various academic disciplines that cultivate Brazilian studies: Portuguese language studies, Brazilian literature, art, music, history, anthropology, Amazonian ethnology, economics, politics, and sociology. "Counterpoints: Brazilian Studies in Britain and France" places the contributions of U.S. scholars in an international perspective. "Bibliographic and Reference Sources" offers a chronology of key publications, an essay on the impact of the digital age on Brazilian sources, and a selective bibliography.
Author | : Hermano Vianna |
Publisher | : Univ of North Carolina Press |
Total Pages | : 168 |
Release | : 2000-11-09 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0807898864 |
Samba is Brazil's "national rhythm," the foremost symbol of its culture and nationhood. To the outsider, samba and the famous pre-Lenten carnival of which it is the centerpiece seem to showcase the country's African heritage. Within Brazil, however, samba symbolizes the racial and cultural mixture that, since the 1930s, most Brazilians have come to believe defines their unique national identity. But how did Brazil become "the Kingdom of Samba" only a few decades after abolishing slavery in 1888? Typically, samba is represented as having changed spontaneously, mysteriously, from a "repressed" music of the marginal and impoverished to a national symbol cherished by all Brazilians. Here, however, Hermano Vianna shows that the nationalization of samba actually rested on a long history of relations between different social groups--poor and rich, weak and powerful--often working at cross-purposes to one another. A fascinating exploration of the "invention of tradition," The Mystery of Samba is an excellent introduction to Brazil's ongoing conversation on race, popular culture, and national identity.
Author | : Martijn Oosterbaan |
Publisher | : Penn State Press |
Total Pages | : 261 |
Release | : 2017-08-23 |
Genre | : Religion |
ISBN | : 0271080647 |
Pentecostalism is one of the most rapidly expanding religious-cultural forms in the world. Its rise in popularity is often attributed to its successfully incorporating native cosmologies in new religious frameworks. This volume probes for more complex explanations to this phenomenon in the favelas of Brazil, once one of the most Catholic nations in the world. Based on a decade of ethnographic fieldwork in Rio de Janeiro and drawing from religious studies, anthropology of religion, and media theory, Transmitting the Spirit argues that the Pentecostal movement’s growth is due directly to its ability to connect politics, entertainment, and religion. Examining religious and secular media—music and magazines, political ads and telenovelas—Martijn Oosterbaan shows how Pentecostal leaders progressively appropriate and recategorize cultural forms according to the religion’s cosmologies. His analysis of the interrelationship among evangélicos distributing doctrine, devotees’ reception and interpretation of nonreligious messaging, perceptions of the self and others by favela dwellers, and the slums of urban Brazil as an entity reveals Pentecostalism’s remarkable capacity to engage with the media influences that shape daily life in economically vulnerable urban areas. An eye-opening look at Pentecostalism, media, society, and culture in the turbulent favelas of Brazil, this book sheds new light on both the evolving role of religion in Latin America and the proliferation of religious ideas and practices in the postmodern world.