Body Composition and Muscle Performance Aspects of the 1985 CFFS (Combat Field Feeding System) Test

Body Composition and Muscle Performance Aspects of the 1985 CFFS (Combat Field Feeding System) Test
Author: Marilyn A. Teves
Publisher:
Total Pages: 51
Release: 1986
Genre:
ISBN:
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A new combat field feeding system (CFFS) has been developed to provide soldiers with one to two hot meals at a minimal labor cost. The tray pack ration (T-ration) which requires no preparation or refrigeration and needs only to be heated is the ration under examination. Soldiers were tested before, during and after a 44 days field exercise to compare the T-ration to various combinations of existing feeding systems. Body composition and muscle strength and endurance were tested before and at days 1, 20 and 24 of the scenario. Skinfold and circumference techniques were used to estimate body composition. Isometric handgrip snf 38 cm upright pull and maximum lift capacity were the strength measures collected. Muscular endurance was measured as holding time at 60% maximal handgrip strength. No significant differences were found between diet groups. Results showed an initial decrease in weight which tended to recover over time. This decrease was almost wholly accounted for by a decrease in percent body fat of 1.5% and 2.5% in men and women respectively. While no changes were found in arm muscle volume, women actually showed an increase in fat free mass. 38 cm upright pull increased across time in both men and women. None of the other strength or endurance measures changed significantly over time. It was concluded that consumption of the new CFFS for up o 44 days did not have an adverse impact upon body composition, muscular strength or endurance.

Present Knowledge in Nutrition

Present Knowledge in Nutrition
Author: Bernadette P. Marriott
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 672
Release: 2020-07-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128184612
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Present Knowledge in Nutrition, Eleventh Edition, provides an accessible, highly readable, referenced, source of the most current, reliable, and comprehensive information in the broad field of nutrition. Now broken into two, separate volumes, and updated to reflect scientific advancements since the publication of its tenth edition, Present Knowledge in Nutrition, Eleventh Edition includes expanded coverage on the topics of basic nutrition and metabolism and clinical and applied topics in nutrition. This volume, Present Knowledge in Nutrition: Clinical and Applied Topics in Nutrition, addresses life stage nutrition and maintaining health, nutrition monitoring, measurement, and regulation, and important topics in clinical nutrition. Authored by an international group of subject-matter experts, with the guidance of four editors with complementary areas of expertise, Present Knowledge in Nutrition, Eleventh Edition will continue to be a go-to resource for advanced undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students in nutrition, public health, medicine, and related fields; professionals in academia and medicine, including clinicians, dietitians, physicians, and other health professionals; and academic, industrial and government researchers, including those in nutrition and public health. The book was produced in cooperation with the International Life Sciences Institute (https://ilsi.org/). - Provides an accessible source of the most current, reliable and comprehensive information in the broad field of nutrition - Features new chapters on topics of emerging importance, including the microbiome, eating disorders, nutrition in extreme environments, and the role of nutrition and cognition in mental status - Covers topics of clinical relevance, including the role of nutrition in cancer support, ICU nutrition, supporting patients with burns, and wasting, deconditioning and hypermetabolic conditions

Not Eating Enough

Not Eating Enough
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 497
Release: 1995-09-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309176107
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Eating enough food to meet nutritional needs and maintain good health and good performance in all aspects of lifeâ€"both at home and on the jobâ€"is important for all of us throughout our lives. For military personnel, however, this presents a special challenge. Although soldiers typically have a number of options for eating when stationed on a base, in the field during missions their meals come in the form of operational rations. Unfortunately, military personnel in training and field operations often do not eat their rations in the amounts needed to ensure that they meet their energy and nutrient requirements and consequently lose weight and potentially risk loss of effectiveness both in physical and cognitive performance. This book contains 20 chapters by military and nonmilitary scientists from such fields as food science, food marketing and engineering, nutrition, physiology, psychology, and various medical specialties. Although described within a context of military tasks, the committee's conclusions and recommendations have wide-reaching implications for people who find that job-related stress changes their eating habits.

The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance

The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 448
Release: 1999-09-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0309172810
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It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.