Biomineralization Sourcebook
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| Author | : Elaine DiMasi |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 434 |
| Release | : 2014-02-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1466518359 |
What does it mean to be at the forefront of a characterization technique? Novel implementation and research, finding new ways to visualize composites, and new techniques all play a role. Yet with the myriad of advances in the field, keeping up with new and advanced techniques, often from many different areas, has become a challenge. Biomineralization Sourcebook: Characterization of Biominerals and Biomimetic Materials emphasizes the interplay between multiple techniques at their current frontiers and explores how such studies may be carried out. The book addresses atomic and molecular structure: how it is described, detected, and assessed for importance. It then highlights additional measurements especially well-suited to looking at two- and three-dimensional systems with heterogeneous, if not hierarchical, structure. These systems enable particular aspects of biominerals and biomimetic models to be scrutinized. The text presents state-of-the-art methods to assess properties of the composite, and represents current approaches and aspirations to measuring entire biological working structures while retaining as much fine-grained biophysical information as possible. In all these chapters, authors showcase discoveries from their own programs. Along the way, the book takes you on a tour from microscopy's eighteenth century roots, to the recent literature and diverse research programs of the contributing investigators, to the multi-million dollar National Laboratory facilities that all play their roles to illuminate the ever-fascinating biominerals. A snapshot of the state of the art in a spectrum of experimental techniques applied to a common interdisciplinary goal, where the ability to use the more advanced techniques often requires funding for collaboration and travel, the book will deepen the appreciation for the massive interdisciplinary effort underway, educate researchers across the field, and motivate new collaborations.
| Author | : Celso Gomes |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 668 |
| Release | : 2021-05-18 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 303065706X |
This volume provides a comprehensive academic review of both positive and negative effects of minerals on human health and quality of life. The book adopts the concept of mineral latu sensu (mineral l.s.), which encompasses a broad spectrum of natural, inorganic, solid, and crystalline, of natural and inorganic chemical elements (metals and metalloids), of modified natural minerals, of biominerals, and of syntetic minerals, all products that branch across the disciplines of earth, soil, environmental, materials, nutrition, and health sciences. Using this broad framework, the authors are able to provide a multidisciplinary assessment on many types of minerals which can be essential, beneficial and hazardous to human health, covering applications in medical geology, medical hydrology or balneotherapy, pharmacology, chemistry, nutrition, and biophysics. The book performs historical analyses of the uses of minerals for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes to better understand current trends and developments in mineral research and human health. The book will be of interest to students, public health officials, environmental agencies and researchers from various disciplines, as well as scientific societies and organizations focusing on medical geology, health resort medicine (crenotherapy, hydrotherapy and climatotherapy), and on pharmaceutical, cosmetic and biomedical applications.
| Author | : Alexander D. Pogrebnjak |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 407 |
| Release | : 2020-01-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9811517428 |
This book presents the findings of experimental and theoretical (including first-principles molecular dynamics simulation) studies of nanostructured and nanocomposite metal-based materials, and nanoscale multilayer coatings fabricated by physical or chemical vapor deposition, magnetron sputtering, electrospark alloying, ionic layer absorption, contact melting, and high-current electron beam irradiation. It also discusses novel methods of nanocomposite formation, as well as the structure of the deposited films, coatings and other nanoscale materials, their elemental and phase composition, and their physical–mechanical, tribological, magnetic and electrical properties. Lastly, it explores the influence of a various surface modification methods, such as thermal annealing, pulsed laser modification, and thermomechanical and ultrasonic treatment, as well as different properties of nanostructured films.
| Author | : Jefferson Luiz Brum Marques |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 623 |
| Release | : 2023-12-16 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3031494016 |
This book reports on the latest research and developments in Biomedical Engineering, with a special emphasis on topics of interest and findings achieved in Latin America. This first volume of a 4-volume set covers advances in modeling and simulation of biological and biomedical systems, mechanical characterization, and biological evaluation of biomaterials for medical applications, including tissues regeneration. It also covers some related special topics, such as advanced methodologies for agricultural and food production and public health management. Throughout the book, a special emphasis is given to low-cost technologies and to their development for and applications in clinical settings. Based on the IX Latin American Conference on Biomedical Engineering (CLAIB 2022) and the XXVIII Brazilian Congress on Biomedical Engineering (CBEB 2022), held jointly, and virtually on October 24-28, 2022, from Florianópolis, Brazil, this book provides researchers and professionals in the biomedical engineering field with extensive information on new technologies and current challenges for their clinical applications. .
| Author | : Hermann Ehrlich |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 329 |
| Release | : 2019-10-17 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3319924834 |
The work is a source of modern knowledge on biomineralization, biomimetics and bioinspired materials science with respect to marine invertebrates. The author gives the most coherent analysis of the nature, origin and evolution of biocomposites and biopolymers isolated from and observed in the broad diversity of marine invertebrate organisms and within their unusual structural formations. The basic format is that of a major review article, with liberal use of references to original literature. There is a wealth of new and newly synthesized information, including dozens of previously unpublished images of unique marine creatures and structures from nano- to microscale including high-resolution scanning and transmission electron micrographs. The material is organized effectively along both biological (phyla) and functional lines. The classification of biological materials of marine origin is proposed and discussed. Much of the pertinent data is organized into tables, and extensive use is made of electron micrographs and line drawings. Several modern topics e.g. “biomineralization- demineralization-remineralization phenomena”, or “phenomenon of multiphase biomineralization”, are discussed in details. Traditionally, such current concepts as hierarchical organization of biocomposites and skeletal structures, structural bioscaffolds, biosculpturing, biomimetism and bioinspiration as tools for the design of innovative materials are critically analyzed from both biological and materials science point of view using numerous unique examples of marine origin. This monograph reviews the most relevant advances in the marine biomaterials research field, pointing out several approaches being introduced and explored by distinct laboratories.
| Author | : Janice P. L. Kenney |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 429 |
| Release | : 2019-07-18 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 1107070333 |
A comprehensive handbook outlining state-of-the-art analytical techniques used in geomicrobiology, for advanced students, researchers and professional scientists.
| Author | : Robin Niklas Wilke |
| Publisher | : Göttingen University Press |
| Total Pages | : 254 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 3863951905 |
Since its first experimental demonstration in 1999, Coherent X-Ray Diffractive Imaging has become one of the most promising high resolution X-Ray imaging techniques using coherent radiation produced by brilliant synchrotron storage rings. The ability to directly invert diffraction data with the help of advanced algorithms has paved the way for microscopic investigations and wave-field analyses on the spatial scale of nanometres without the need for inefficient imaging lenses. X-Ray phase contrast which is a measure of the electron density is an important contrast mode of soft biological specimens. For the case of many dominant elements of soft biological matter, the electron density can be converted into an effective mass density offering a unique quantitative information channel which may shed light on important questions such as DNA compaction in the bacterial nucleoid through ‚weighing with light‘. In this work X-Ray phase contrast maps have been obtained from different biological samples by exploring different methods. In particular, the techniques Ptychography and Waveguide-Holographic-Imaging have been used to obtain twodimensional and three-dimensional mass density maps on the single-cell-level of freeze-dried cells of the bacteria Deinococcus radiodurans, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis allowing, for instance, to estimate the dry weight of the bacterial genome in a near native state. On top of this, reciprocal space information from coherent small angle X-Ray scattering (cellular Nano-Diffraction) of the fine structure of the bacterial cells has been recorded in a synergistic manner and has been analysed down to a resolution of about 2.3/nm exceeding current limits of direct imaging approaches. Furthermore, the dynamic range of present detector technology being one of the major limiting factors of ptychographic phasing of farfield diffraction data has been significantly increased. Overcoming this problem for the case of the very intense X-Ray beam produced by Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors has been explored by using semi-transparent central stops.
| Author | : Rocco Mazzeo |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 370 |
| Release | : 2017-01-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319528041 |
The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience.Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.
| Author | : Roger Narayan |
| Publisher | : Woodhead Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 226 |
| Release | : 2016-11-11 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0081006047 |
Monitoring and Evaluation of Biomaterials and Their Performance In Vivo provides essential information for scientists and researchers who need to assess and evaluate performance, monitor biological responses, gauge efficacy, and observe changes over time. Crucially, it also enables the optimization of design for future biomaterials and implants. This book presents readers with comprehensive coverage of the topic of in vivo monitoring of medical implants and biomaterials. - Contains a specific focus on monitoring and evaluation of biomaterials in vivo - Multi-faceted coverage of materials function and performance - Focuses on a range of implants and subsequent bodily reactions
| Author | : Gisela Grupe |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 239 |
| Release | : 2016-03-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3662483394 |
This work takes a critical look at the current concept of isotopic landscapes ("isoscapes") in bioarchaeology and its application in future research. It specifically addresses the research potential of cremated finds, a somewhat neglected bioarchaeological substrate, resulting primarily from the inherent osteological challenges and complex mineralogy associated with it. In addition, for the first time data mining methods are applied. The chapters are the outcome of an international workshop sponsored by the German Science Foundation and the Centre of Advanced Studies at the Ludwig-Maximilian-University in Munich. Isotopic landscapes are indispensable tracers for the monitoring of the flow of matter through geo/ecological systems since they comprise existing temporally and spatially defined stable isotopic patterns found in geological and ecological samples. Analyses of stable isotopes of the elements nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, strontium, and lead are routinely utilized in bioarchaeology to reconstruct biodiversity, palaeodiet, palaeoecology, palaeoclimate, migration and trade. The interpretive power of stable isotopic ratios depends not only on firm, testable hypotheses, but most importantly on the cooperative networking of scientists from both natural and social sciences. Application of multi-isotopic tracers generates isotopic patterns with multiple dimensions, which accurately characterize a find, but can only be interpreted by use of modern data mining methods.
