Bioavailability
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| Author | : Xiaoling Li |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 875 |
| Release | : 2011-08-04 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1118067584 |
Understand and assess the design, delivery, and efficacy of orally administered drugs A practical guide to understanding oral bioavailability, one of the major hurdles in drug development and delivery, Oral Bioavailability: Basic Principles, Advanced Concepts, and Applications is designed to help chemists, biologists, life science researchers, pharmaceutical scientists, pharmacologists, clinicians, and graduate and students become familiar with the fundamentals and practices of the science of oral bioavailability. The difference in rate and extent between a drug taken orally and the actual amount of a drug reaching the circulatory system, oral bioavailability is an essential parameter for determining the efficacy and adverse effects of new and developing medications, as well as finding an optimal dosing regimen. This book provides a much-needed one-stop resource to help readers better understand and appreciate the many facets and complex problems of oral bioavailability, including the basic barriers to oral bioavailability, the methods used to determine relevant parameters, and the challenges of drug delivery. In addition, this comprehensive book discusses biological and physicochemical methods for improving bioavailability, integrates physicochemistry with physiology and molecular biology, and includes several state-of-the-art technologies and approaches Caco-2 cell culture model, MDCK, and other related cell culture models which are used to study the science of oral bioavailability.
| Author | : Han van de Waterbeemd |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 602 |
| Release | : 2006-03-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3527605150 |
The peroral application (swallowing) of a medicine means that the body must first resorb the active substance before it can begin to take effect. The efficacy of drug uptake depends on the one hand on the chemical characteristics of the active substance, above all on its solubility and membrane permeability. On the other hand, it is determined by the organism's ability to absorb pharmaceuticals by way of specific transport proteins or to excrete them. Since many pharmacologically active substances are poorly suited for oral intake, a decisive criterion for the efficacy of a medicine is its so-called bioavailability. Written by an international team from academia and the pharmaceutical industry, this book covers all aspects of the oral bioavailability of medicines. The focus is placed on methods for determining the parameters relevant to bioavailability. These range from modern physicochemical techniques via biological studies in vitro and in vivo right up to computer-aided predictions. The authors specifically address possibilities for optimizing bioavailability during the early screening stage for the active substance. Its clear structure and comprehensive coverage make this book equally suitable for researchers and lecturers in industry and teaching.
| Author | : Clarence B. Ammerman |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 458 |
| Release | : 1995-07-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080527876 |
This practical book provides crucial information necessary to formulate diets with appropriate amounts of amino acids, minerals, and vitamins. The factors that influence how well animals obtain these critical nutrients and methods for determining bioavailability are reviewed in this comprehensive text. In addition, data from both ruminants and nonruminants are included as well as established estimates of bioavailability for particular feed stuffs and feed supplements.
| Author | : Vinod P. Shah |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 393 |
| Release | : 2015-01-30 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1493912895 |
This authoritative volume explores advances in the techniques used to measure percutaneous penetration of drugs and chemicals to assess bioavailability and bioequivalence and discusses how they have been used in clinical and scientific investigations. Seven comprehensive sections examine topics including in vitro drug release, topical drugs products, clinical studies, and guidelines and workshop reports, among others. The book also describes how targeted transdermal drug delivery and more sophisticated mathematical modelling can aid in understanding the bioavailability of transdermal drugs. The first edition of this book was an important reference guide for researchers working to define the effectiveness and safety of drugs and chemicals that penetrated the skin. This second edition contains cutting-edge advances in the field and is a key resource to those seeking to define the bioavailability and bioequivalence of percutaneously active compounds to improve scientific and clinical investigation and regulation.
| Author | : George F.M. Ball |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 820 |
| Release | : 2005-11-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1420026976 |
To achieve and maintain optimal health, it is essential that the vitamins in foods are present in sufficient quantity and are in a form that the body can assimilate. Vitamins inFoods: Analysis, Bioavailability, and Stability presents the latest information about vitamins and their analysis, bioavailability, and stability in foods.
| Author | : Adrian Kilcoyne |
| Publisher | : OUP Oxford |
| Total Pages | : 473 |
| Release | : 2013-05-23 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0191510394 |
The breadth of the pharmaceutical medicine can be daunting, but this book is designed to navigate a path through the speciality. Providing a broad overview of all topics relevant to the discipline of pharmaceutical medicine, it gives you the facts fast, in a user-friendly format, without having to dive through page upon page of dense text. With 136 chapters spread across 8 sections, the text offers a thorough grounding in issues ranging from medicines regulation to clinical trial design and data management. This makes it a useful revision aid for exams as well as giving you a taster of areas of pharmaceutical medicine adjacent to your current role. For healthcare professionals already working in the field, this book offers a guiding hand in difficult situations as well as supplying rapid access to the latest recommendations and guidelines. Written by authors with experience in the industry and drug regulation, this comprehensive and authoritative guide provides a shoulder to lean on throughout your pharmaceutical career.
| Author | : Kiyohiko Sugano |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 520 |
| Release | : 2012-07-31 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 111835432X |
A comprehensive introduction to using modeling and simulation programs in drug discovery and development Biopharmaceutical modeling has become integral to the design and development of new drugs. Influencing key aspects of the development process, including drug substance design, formulation design, and toxicological exposure assessment, biopharmaceutical modeling is now seen as the linchpin to a drug's future success. And while there are a number of commercially available software programs for drug modeling, there has not been a single resource guiding pharmaceutical professionals to the actual tools and practices needed to design and test safe drugs. A guide to the basics of modeling and simulation programs, Biopharmaceutics Modeling and Simulations offers pharmaceutical scientists the keys to understanding how they work and are applied in creating drugs with desired medicinal properties. Beginning with a focus on the oral absorption of drugs, the book discusses: The central dogma of oral drug absorption (the interplay of dissolution, solubility, and permeability of a drug), which forms the basis of the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) The concept of drug concentration How to simulate key drug absorption processes The physiological and drug property data used for biopharmaceutical modeling Reliable practices for reporting results With over 200 figures and illustrations and a peerless examination of all the key aspects of drug research—including running and interpreting models, validation, and compound and formulation selection—this reference seamlessly brings together the proven practical approaches essential to developing the safe and effective medicines of tomorrow.
| Author | : Gerard Marshall Raj |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 410 |
| Release | : 2019-11-16 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9813297794 |
This book illustrates, in a comprehensive manner, the most crucial principles involved in pharmacology and allied sciences. The title begins by discussing the historical aspects of drug discovery, with up to date knowledge on Nobel Laureates in pharmacology and their significant discoveries. It then examines the general pharmacological principles - pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, with in-depth information on drug transporters and interactions. In the remaining chapters, the book covers a definitive collection of topics containing essential information on the basic principles of pharmacology and how they are employed for the treatment of diseases. Readers will learn about special topics in pharmacology that are hard to find elsewhere, including issues related to environmental toxicology and the latest information on drug poisoning and treatment, analytical toxicology, toxicovigilance, and the use of molecular biology techniques in pharmacology. The book offers a valuable resource for researchers in the fields of pharmacology and toxicology, as well as students pursuing a degree in or with an interest in pharmacology.
| Author | : Stanley A. Barber |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 434 |
| Release | : 1995-04-03 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9780471587477 |
This richly illustrated edition of an established classic deals with the chemistry and biology of soil nutrient availability. Provides information regarding the elements present in soils and the extent to which these elements can be used by plants in order to grow. Nutrient uptake by plant roots, rhizosphere microorganisms and application of the mechanistic uptake model as well as such elements as phosphorus, potassium and water are among the topics discussed.
| Author | : Jerry Hamelink |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 257 |
| Release | : 2024-11-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1040286992 |
Practical and provocative, Bioavailability reviews prevalent understanding of the physical-chemical-biological mechanisms that control the bioavailability of both organic and inorganic contaminants in aquatic environments. Discusses the complex issues that surround many regulatory issues Emphasizes the need to identify and control that portion of the total concentration that is biologically available and can cause adverse effects, i.e., "active" Examines the influence of dynamic factors, such as pH, alkalinity, and light on these mechanisms Addresses the subject of speciation for both organic and inorganic contaminants
