Trajectory Planning for Automatic Machines and Robots

Trajectory Planning for Automatic Machines and Robots
Author: Luigi Biagiotti
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 515
Release: 2008-10-23
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3540856293

This book deals with the problems related to planning motion laws and t- jectories for the actuation system of automatic machines, in particular for those based on electric drives, and robots. The problem of planning suitable trajectories is relevant not only for the proper use of these machines, in order to avoid undesired e?ects such as vibrations or even damages on the mech- ical structure, but also in some phases of their design and in the choice and sizing of the actuators. This is particularly true now that the concept of “el- tronic cams” has replaced, in the design of automatic machines, the classical approach based on “mechanical cams”. The choice of a particular trajectory has direct and relevant implications on several aspects of the design and use of an automatic machine, like the dimensioning of the actuators and of the reduction gears, the vibrations and e?orts generated on the machine and on the load, the tracking errors during the motion execution. For these reasons, in order to understand and appreciate the peculiarities of the di?erent techniques available for trajectory planning, besides the ma- ematical aspects of their implementation also a detailed analysis in the time and frequency domains, a comparison of their main properties under di?erent points of view, and general considerations related to their practical use are reported.

On-Line Trajectory Generation in Robotic Systems

On-Line Trajectory Generation in Robotic Systems
Author: Torsten Kröger
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 236
Release: 2010-01-10
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642051758

By the dawn of the new millennium, robotics has undergone a major tra- formation in scope and dimensions. This expansion has been brought about bythematurityofthe?eldandtheadvancesinitsrelatedtechnologies.From a largely dominant industrial focus, robotics has been rapidly expanding into the challenges of the human world. The new generation of robots is expected to safely and dependably co-habitat with humans in homes, workplaces, and communities,providingsupportinservices,entertainment,education,heal- care, manufacturing, and assistance. Beyond its impact on physical robots, the body of knowledge robotics has produced is revealing a much wider range of applications reaching across - verse research areas and scienti?c disciplines, such as: biomechanics, haptics, neurosciences, virtual simulation, animation, surgery, and sensor networks among others. In return, the challenges of the new emerging areas are pr- ing an abundant source of stimulation and insights for the ?eld of robotics. It is indeed at the intersection of disciplines that the most striking advances happen. The goal of the series of Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics (STAR) is to bring, in a timely fashion, the latest advances and developments in robotics on the basis of their signi?cance and quality. It is our hope that the wider dissemination of research developments will stimulate more exchanges and collaborations among the research community and contribute to further advancement of this rapidly growing ?eld.

On-Line Trajectory Generation in Robotic Systems

On-Line Trajectory Generation in Robotic Systems
Author: Torsten Kröger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 236
Release: 2010-02-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 364205174X

By the dawn of the new millennium, robotics has undergone a major tra- formation in scope and dimensions. This expansion has been brought about bythematurityofthe?eldandtheadvancesinitsrelatedtechnologies.From a largely dominant industrial focus, robotics has been rapidly expanding into the challenges of the human world. The new generation of robots is expected to safely and dependably co-habitat with humans in homes, workplaces, and communities,providingsupportinservices,entertainment,education,heal- care, manufacturing, and assistance. Beyond its impact on physical robots, the body of knowledge robotics has produced is revealing a much wider range of applications reaching across - verse research areas and scienti?c disciplines, such as: biomechanics, haptics, neurosciences, virtual simulation, animation, surgery, and sensor networks among others. In return, the challenges of the new emerging areas are pr- ing an abundant source of stimulation and insights for the ?eld of robotics. It is indeed at the intersection of disciplines that the most striking advances happen. The goal of the series of Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics (STAR) is to bring, in a timely fashion, the latest advances and developments in robotics on the basis of their signi?cance and quality. It is our hope that the wider dissemination of research developments will stimulate more exchanges and collaborations among the research community and contribute to further advancement of this rapidly growing ?eld.

Velocity-based Robot Motion Planner for Under-constrained Trajectories with Part-specific Geometric Variances

Velocity-based Robot Motion Planner for Under-constrained Trajectories with Part-specific Geometric Variances
Author: Ademola Ayodeji Oridate
Publisher:
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2021
Genre:
ISBN:

Industrial manipulators often interact with large and complex objects for a variety of automation tasks. Finding a feasible path for the robot end-effector that ensures task success is often non-trivial due to considerations such as reachability, singularity avoidance, and collision avoidance. This dissertation presents an approach to expand the search space for feasible robot trajectories (and search for an optimal solution) around large and complex geometry by taking advantage of task redundancy for certain tasks without compromising task objectives. The effort builds on previous work enabling virtual fixture generation for complex shapes given CAD or scan data. While existing planners found in the literature have successfully implemented redundancy resolution techniques, the focus has mostly been on the execution of fully constrained trajectories by robots with Degrees of Freedom (DOF) greater than the number of task variables. This effort has successfully extended this discussion to address situations in which the nature of the task allows for relaxation of both geometric and non-geometric task variables to enable the exploration of a larger range of feasible solutions. The effort was developed into a trajectory planning library on the ROS (Robot Operating System) framework and tested by simulating an interaction of a six-axis industrial robot with an F-16 aircraft and a conformal Additive Manufacturing (AM) case study. The results show benefits such as increased task surface coverage with minimal robot base placements and greater user control over the trajectory generation since the user can easily identify problematic points in the trajectory and specify parameters to modify them in real-time

Robotics, Vision and Control

Robotics, Vision and Control
Author: Peter Corke
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 572
Release: 2011-09-05
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 364220144X

The author has maintained two open-source MATLAB Toolboxes for more than 10 years: one for robotics and one for vision. The key strength of the Toolboxes provide a set of tools that allow the user to work with real problems, not trivial examples. For the student the book makes the algorithms accessible, the Toolbox code can be read to gain understanding, and the examples illustrate how it can be used —instant gratification in just a couple of lines of MATLAB code. The code can also be the starting point for new work, for researchers or students, by writing programs based on Toolbox functions, or modifying the Toolbox code itself. The purpose of this book is to expand on the tutorial material provided with the toolboxes, add many more examples, and to weave this into a narrative that covers robotics and computer vision separately and together. The author shows how complex problems can be decomposed and solved using just a few simple lines of code, and hopefully to inspire up and coming researchers. The topics covered are guided by the real problems observed over many years as a practitioner of both robotics and computer vision. It is written in a light but informative style, it is easy to read and absorb, and includes a lot of Matlab examples and figures. The book is a real walk through the fundamentals of robot kinematics, dynamics and joint level control, then camera models, image processing, feature extraction and epipolar geometry, and bring it all together in a visual servo system. Additional material is provided at http://www.petercorke.com/RVC

Autonomous Robots

Autonomous Robots
Author: Farbod Fahimi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 349
Release: 2008-10-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0387095381

It is at least two decades since the conventional robotic manipulators have become a common manufacturing tool for different industries, from automotive to pharmaceutical. The proven benefits of utilizing robotic manipulators for manufacturing in different industries motivated scientists and researchers to try to extend the applications of robots to many other areas by inventing several new types of robots other than conventional manipulators. The new types of robots can be categorized in two groups; redundant (and hyper-redundant) manipulators, and mobile (ground, marine, and aerial) robots. These groups of robots, known as advanced robots, have more freedom for their mobility, which allows them to do tasks that the conventional manipulators cannot do. Engineers have taken advantage of the extra mobility of the advanced robots to make them work in constrained environments, ranging from limited joint motions for redundant (or hyper-redundant) manipulators to obstacles in the way of mobile (ground, marine, and aerial) robots. Since these constraints usually depend on the work environment, they are variable. Engineers have had to invent methods to allow the robots to deal with a variety of constraints automatically. A robot that is equipped with those methods is called an Autonomous Robot. Autonomous Robots: Kinematics, Path Planning, and Control covers the kinematics and dynamic modeling/analysis of Autonomous Robots, as well as the methods suitable for their control. The text is suitable for mechanical and electrical engineers who want to familiarize themselves with methods of modeling/analysis/control that have been proven efficient through research.

Terotechnology

Terotechnology
Author: Radek, N.
Publisher: Materials Research Forum LLC
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2018-08-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1945291818

The volume presents advances in materials research and technology in the area of terotechnology, i.e. the technology of installation, maintenance, replacement and removal of plant machinery and equipment, reliability analysis, technical diagnostics, tribology and technical safety. Specific topics include Cavitation Erosion, Simulation of Particle Erosion, Mechanically-assisted Laser Forming, Laser Machining of Tool Steels, Titanium Carbonitride Coatings, Causes of Cracks in Thermit Welds, Diamond-Like Coatings on Titanium, Reinforcement of Concrete, Fatigue Strength of Construction Elements, Modeling of Mining Support Structures, Surface Treatments of Sintered Stainless Steel, Thermal Welding, Joints of Nickel-Based Superalloys, Robotic Laser Cleaning of Materials, Tribological Properties of Laser-processed ESD Coatings, Laser-modified WC-Cu Electro-Spark Coatings, anti-Graffiti Coating Systems.