Attending to Moving Objects

Attending to Moving Objects
Author: Alex Holcombe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 150
Release: 2023-01-31
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1009007564
GET BOOK

Our minds are severely limited in how much information they can extensively process, in spite of being massively parallel at the visual end. When people attempt to track moving objects, only a limited number can be tracked, which varies with display parameters. Associated experiments indicate that spatial selection and updating has higher capacity than selection and updating of features such as color and shape, and is mediated by processes specific to each cerebral hemisphere, such that each hemifield has its own spatial tracking limit. These spatial selection processes act as a bottleneck that gate subsequent processing. To improve our understanding of this bottleneck, future work should strive to avoid contamination of tracking tasks by high-level cognition. While we are far from fully understanding how attention keeps up with multiple moving objects, what we already know illuminates the architecture of visual processing and offers promising directions for new discoveries.

The Attentive Brain

The Attentive Brain
Author: Raja Parasuraman
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 622
Release: 2000
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780262661126
GET BOOK

Of the myriad tasks that the brain has to perform, perhaps none is as crucial to the performance of other tasks as attention. A central thesis of this book on the cognitive neuroscience of attention is that attention is not a single entity, but a finite set of brain processes that interact mutually and with other brain processes in the performance of perceptual, cognitive, and motor skills.After an introductory part I, the book consists of three parts. Part II, Methods, describes the major neuroscience methods, including techniques used only with animals (anatomical tract tracing, single-unit electrophysiology, neurochemical manipulations), noninvasive human brain-imaging techniques (ERPs, positron emission tomography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging), and studies with brain-damaged individuals. This part also includes a chapter on the computational modeling of attention. Part III, Varieties of Attention, looks at three major components of attention from the cognitive neuroscience perspective: selection, vigilance, and control. It also discusses links to memory and language. Finally, part IV, Development and Pathologies, discusses the application of findings from the previous sections to the analysis of normal and abnormal development and to pathologies of attention such as schizophrenia and attention deficit disorders. Contributors Edward Awh, Gordon C. Baylis, Jochen Braun, Dennis Cantwell, Vincent P. Clark, Maurizio Corbetta, Susan M. Courtney, Francis Crinella, Matthew C. Davidson, Gregory J. DiGirolamo, Jon Driver, Jane Emerson, Pauline Filipek, Ira Fischler, Massimo Girelli, Pamela M. Greenwood, James V. Haxby, Mark H. Johnson, John Jonides, Julian S. Joseph, Robert T. Knight, Christof Koch, Steven J. Luck, Richard T. Marrocco, Brad C. Motter, Ken Nakayama, Orhan Nalcioglu, Paul G. Nestor, Ernst Niebur, Brian F. O'Donnell, Raja Parasuraman, Michael I. Posner, Robert D. Rafal, Trevor W. Robbins, Lynn C. Robertson, Judi E. See, James Swanson, Diane Swick, Don Tucker, Leslie G. Ungerleider, Joel S. Warm, Maree J. Webster, Sharon Wigal

Perceiving in Depth, Volume 1: Basic Mechanisms

Perceiving in Depth, Volume 1: Basic Mechanisms
Author: Ian P. Howard
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 671
Release: 2012-01-27
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0199877343
GET BOOK

The three-volume work Perceiving in Depth is a sequel to Binocular Vision and Stereopsis and to Seeing in Depth, both by Ian P. Howard and Brian J. Rogers. This work is much broader in scope than the previous books and includes mechanisms of depth perception by all senses, including aural, electrosensory organs, and the somatosensory system. Volume 1 reviews sensory coding, psychophysical and analytic procedures, and basic visual mechanisms. Volume 2 reviews stereoscopic vision. Volume 3 reviews all mechanisms of depth perception other than stereoscopic vision. The three volumes are extensively illustrated and referenced and provide the most detailed review of all aspects of perceiving the three-dimensional world. Volume 1 starts with a review of the history of visual science from the ancient Greeks to the early 20th century with special attention devoted to the discovery of the principles of perspective and stereoscopic vision. The first chapter also contains an account of early visual display systems, such as panoramas and peepshows, and the development of stereoscopes and stereophotography. A chapter on the psychophysical and analytic procedures used in investigations of depth perception is followed by a chapter on sensory coding and the geometry of visual space. An account of the structure and physiology of the primate visual system proceeds from the eye through the LGN to the visual cortex and higher visual centers. This is followed by a review of the evolution of visual systems and of the development of the mammalian visual system in the embryonic and post-natal periods, with an emphasis on experience-dependent neural plasticity. An account of the development of perceptual functions, especially depth perception, is followed by a review of the effects of early visual deprivation during the critical period of neural plasticity on amblyopia and other defects in depth perception. Volume 1 ends with accounts of the accommodation mechanism of the human eye and vergence eye movements.

The Mind's Construction

The Mind's Construction
Author: Matthew Soteriou
Publisher:
Total Pages: 398
Release: 2013-08-29
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0199678456
GET BOOK

Matthew Soteriou provides an original philosophical account of sensory and cognitive aspects of consciousness. He explores distinctions of temporal character in our mental lives—especially in relation to the exercise of agency—and illuminates the more general issue of the place and role of mental action in the metaphysics of mind.

Zoonomia

Zoonomia
Author: Erasmus Darwin
Publisher: BoD - Books on Demand
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2024-02-16
Genre: Science
ISBN:
GET BOOK

"Zoonomia" by Erasmus Darwin is a seminal work that explores the principles of physiology, medicine, and the evolution of life. Published in the late 18th century, this comprehensive two-volume work reflects Erasmus Darwin's visionary ideas on the interconnectedness of living organisms and the dynamic processes governing life. In "Zoonomia," Erasmus Darwin anticipates some aspects of evolutionary theory that his grandson, Charles Darwin, would later expand upon. The book delves into topics such as the adaptability of organisms, the influence of environmental factors, and the concept of a common ancestry. Erasmus Darwin's writing style is poetic and expansive, combining scientific observation with philosophical musings. "Zoonomia" is a testament to the author's curiosity and forward-thinking perspective, laying the groundwork for future discussions on evolution and the interconnectedness of all living things.

Perception, Causation, and Objectivity

Perception, Causation, and Objectivity
Author: Johannes Roessler
Publisher: Consciousness & Self-Conscious
Total Pages: 382
Release: 2011-07-14
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 019969205X
GET BOOK

Leading philosophers and psychologists offer a rigorous assessment of the commonsense view that perceptual experience is an immediate awareness of mind-independent objects. They examine the nature of perception, its role in the acquisition of knowledge, the role of causation in perception, and how perceptual understanding develops in humans.

International Handbook of Language Acquisition

International Handbook of Language Acquisition
Author: Jessica Horst
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 587
Release: 2019-05-01
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1351616625
GET BOOK

How do children acquire language? How does real life language acquisition differ from results found in controlled environments? And how is modern life challenging established theories? Going far beyond laboratory experiments, the International Handbook of Language Acquisition examines a wide range of topics surrounding language development to shed light on how children acquire language in the real world. The foremost experts in the field cover a variety of issues, from the underlying cognitive processes and role of language input to development of key language dimensions as well as both typical and atypical language development. Horst and Torkildsen balance a theoretical foundation with data acquired from applied settings to offer a truly comprehensive reference book with an international outlook. The International Handbook of Language Acquisition is essential reading for graduate students and researchers in language acquisition across developmental psychology, developmental neuropsychology, linguistics, early childhood education, and communication disorders.

Real Learning

Real Learning
Author: Harry Morgan
Publisher: R&L Education
Total Pages: 168
Release: 2003
Genre: Education
ISBN: 9781578860630
GET BOOK

Table of contents

12th Annual Conference. C.S.S. Pod

12th Annual Conference. C.S.S. Pod
Author: John R. Anderson
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 563
Release: 2022-03-30
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1317782968
GET BOOK

The first volume of a series on Cognition. Looking at Memory, Catergorization, Causal Inference and Problem Solving. First Published in 1990. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Disjunctivism

Disjunctivism
Author: Marcus Willaschek
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 177
Release: 2013-09-13
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1135739609
GET BOOK

Does perception provide us with direct and unmediated access to the world around us? The so-called 'argument from illusion ' has traditionally been supposed to show otherwise: from the subject's point of view, perceptual illusions are often indistinguishable from veridical perceptions; hence, perceptual experience, as such, cannot provide us with knowledge of the world, but only with knowledge of how things appear to us. Disjunctive accounts of perceptual experience, first proposed by John McDowell and Paul Snowdon in the early 1980s and at the centre of current debates in the philosophy of perception, have been proposed to block this argument. According to the traditional view, a case of perception and a subjectively indistinguishable illusion or hallucination can exemplify what is fundamentally the same kind of mental state even though they differ in how they relate to the non-mental environment. In contrast, according to the disjunctive account, the concept of perceptual experience should be seen as essentially disjunctive, encompassing (at least) two distinct kinds of mental states, namely genuinely world-involving perceptions and mere appearances. This book presents seven recent essays on disjunctivism first published in two special issues of Philosophical Explorations: An International Journal for the Philosophy of Mind and Action.