Atmosphere of Mars Analyzed by Integral Inversion of the Mariner IV Occultation Data
Author | : Stanford University. Stanford Electronics Laboratories |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 70 |
Release | : 1967 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Stanford University. Stanford Electronics Laboratories |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 70 |
Release | : 1967 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Albert D. Anderson |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 32 |
Release | : 1965 |
Genre | : Mars (Planet) |
ISBN | : |
The Mariner IV occultation experiment has resulted in several surprising conclusions about the lower atmosphere of Mars, including very low values for the neutral properties (temperature, pressure, and density) and the dominance of CO2. Guided by these new results and theoretical models of the Martian atmosphere, a neutral property model has been derived which takes into account surface air temperature variation. The neutral properties up to 50 km exhibit a strong dependence on the surface temperature. Thus, it appears that the meteorology of Mars, even at the higher altitudes, depends significantly on the surface temperature distribution. An isopycnic (constant density) level is manifested in the model at 10 km where the density value is 5.77 x 0.000001 gm/cc for surface temperatures ranging from 175K to 325K. At 50 km, the density variation for this same surface temperature range is a factor of 4. The height of the tropopause (boundary between convective and radiative equilibrium regimes), taken to vary linearly with the surface temperature, is one of the principal uncertainties since the computed properties are sensitive to it. The accuracy of the model is indicated to decrease with altitude, especially above 30 km where the effects of CO2 photochemistry, doppler broadening, and the departure from local thermodynamic equilibrium start to become important. (Author).
Author | : Stanford University. Stanford Electronics Laboratories |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 52 |
Release | : 1966 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 164 |
Release | : 1969 |
Genre | : Mars (Planet) |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Hugh H. Kieffer |
Publisher | : University of Arizona Press |
Total Pages | : 1532 |
Release | : 1992-10 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9780816512577 |
The planet Mars has been a subject of wonder for millennia, as attested by its place in mythology, by later speculation about its canals, and by the scientific and public excitement over the Viking mission. Although the scientific literature about the planet is voluminous, no comprehensive treatment of the results of modern spacecraft exploration has yet been made available. This volume fills that gap by providing a summary of what is presently known about Mars and identifying many puzzles such as polar cap variance, occurrence of dust storms, and the possible location of water. The introductory chapter cites questions, controversies, and milestones in the study of Mars, and also includes an annotated book list, basic data about the planet, and a guide to Martian seasons. A chapter on telescopic observation credits the contributions made by many amateurs that have advanced our knowledge of variations observed on Mars. A chapter on spacecraft exploration, by an American and a Russian author who have participated in all Mars missions, includes a revelation of an additional Soviet attempt. Twenty-nine technical articles cover geophysics; bedrock geology; surface; atmosphere; exosphere and magnetic field; and climate history. Two chapters address the search for life on Mars; three concluding chapters consider the Martian satellites. An indispensable reference for scientists, Mars will also serve as a complete sourcebook for serious amateur astronomers.