Assessing The Role Of Women Empowerment For Food Security And Nutrition Empirical Evidence From Tunisia And India
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| Author | : Marco Kruse |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2019 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Equality for women in all areas of life is not only a fundamental human right, but is also a crucial prerequisite for achieving human development goals. Women constitute half of the world population and about 43 percent of the agricultural labor force, which makes the importance of research into the role of women for human developmentseemingly self-explanatory. But as of today, the global community is far from reaching its objective of universal gender equality. In many parts of the world, women are facingdiscrimination and low levels of participation in many areas, which has critical impli...
| Author | : Jemimah Njuki |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 295 |
| Release | : 2016-11-25 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1317190017 |
Drawing on studies from Africa, Asia and South America, this book provides empirical evidence and conceptual explorations of the gendered dimensions of food security. It investigates how food security and gender inequity are conceptualized within interventions, assesses the impacts and outcomes of gender-responsive programs on food security and gender equity and addresses diverse approaches to gender research and practice that range from descriptive and analytical to strategic and transformative. The chapters draw on diverse theoretical perspectives, including transformative learning, feminist theory, deliberative democracy and technology adoption. As a result, they add important conceptual and empirical material to a growing literature on the challenges of gender equity in agricultural production. A unique feature of this book is the integration of both analytic and transformative approaches to understanding gender and food security. The analytic material shows how food security interventions enable women and men to meet the long-term nutritional needs of their households, and to enhance their economic position. The transformative chapters also document efforts to build durable and equitable relationships between men and women, addressing underlying social, cultural and economic causes of gender inequality. Taken together, these combined approaches enable women and men to reflect on gendered divisions of labor and resources related to food, and to reshape these divisions in ways which benefit families and communities. Co-published with the International Development Research Centre.
| Author | : Mara van den Bold |
| Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
| Total Pages | : 80 |
| Release | : 2013-11-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : |
Many development programs that aim to alleviate poverty and improve investments in human capital consider womens empowerment a key pathway by which to achieve impact and often target women as their main beneficiaries. Despite this, womens empowerment dimensions are often not rigorously measured and are at times merely assumed. This paper starts by reflecting on the concept and measurement of womens empowerment and then reviews some of the structural interventions that aim to influence underlying gender norms in society and eradicate gender discrimination. It then proceeds to review the evidence of the impact of three types of interventionscash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programson womens empowerment, nutrition, or both. Qualitative evidence on conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs generally points to positive impacts on womens empowerment, although quantitative research findings are more heterogenous. CCT programs produce mixed results on long-term nutritional status, and very limited evidence exists of their impacts on micronutrient status. The little evidence available on unconditional cash transters (UCT) indicates mixed impacts on womens empowerment and positive impacts on nutrition; however, recent reviews comparing CCT and UCT programs have found little difference in terms of their effects on stunting and they have found that conditionality is less important than other factors, such as access to healthcare and child age and sex. Evidence of cash transfer program impacts depending on the gender of the transfer recipient or on the conditionality is also mixed, although CCTs with non-health conditionalities seem to have negative impacts on nutritional status. The impacts of programs based on the gender of the transfer recipient show mixed results, but almost no experimental evidence exists of testing gender-differentiated impacts of a single program. Agricultural interventionsspecifically home gardening and dairy projectsshow mixed impacts on womens empowerment measures such as time, workload, and control over income; but they demonstrate very little impact on nutrition. Implementation modalities are shown to determine differential impacts in terms of empowerment and nutrition outcomes. With regard to the impact of microfinance on womens empowerment, evidence is also mixed, although more recent reviews do not find any impact on womens empowerment. The impact of microfinance on nutritional status is mixed, with no evidence of impact on micronutrient status. Across all three types of programs (cash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programs), very little evidence exists on pathways of impact, and evidence is often biased toward a particular region. The paper ends with a discussion of the findings and remaining evidence gaps and an outline of recommendations for research.
| Author | : Lisa C. Smith |
| Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
| Total Pages | : 182 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0896291340 |
Until recently the role of women's social status in determining their children's nutritional health went largely unnoticed. That is, until researchers began to ponder the Asian Enigma- the question of why malnutrition is much more prevalent among children in South Asia than in Sub-Saharan Africa, even though South Asia surpasses Sub-Saharan Africa in most of the principal determinants of child nutrition. This report uses data from 36 countries in three developing regions to establish empirically that women's status, defined as women's power relative to men's, is an important determinant of children's nutritional status. It finds that the pathways through which status influences child nutrition and the strength of that influence differ considerably from one region to another. Where women's status is low, this research proves unequivocally that policies to eradicate gender discrimination not only benefit women but also their children.
| Author | : Maria Agnes R. Quisumbing |
| Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
| Total Pages | : 156 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0896297551 |
| Author | : International Food Policy Research Institute |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Food supply |
| ISBN | : |
"The 1995 Beijing Platform for Action set goals for empowering women in developing nations. Over the five years since the Beijing +5 review assessed progress toward these goals, the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has generated new studies reaffirming that empowering women is the key to ensuring food and nutrition security in the developing world. This brief brings together IFPRI's most recent research findings on gender and food security and offers proof to policymakers that reducing gender disparities promotes better food and nutrition security for all ... IFPRI's research findings provide empirical evidence that empowering women leads to greater household food and nutrition security. Accomplishing this task requires policies that eradicate gender discrimination, proactively promote catch-up for women, and involve women directly in their implementation."--Text.
| Author | : Esha Sraboni |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Maria Agnes R. Quisumbing |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 32 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Food supply |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Marianne Victoria Santoso |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 213 |
| Release | : 2019 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Nutrition-sensitive agriculture (NSA) interventions leverage agriculture to improve human nutrition by addressing the underlying determinants of nutrition. Participatory agroecology as an approach for agriculture intervention has recently gained momentum. Agreocology promotes strategies integrating ecological processes in farm and food system management. The approach also emphasizes drawing on indigenous and local knowledge, and co-creation of new scientific knowledge. Despite its growing popularity, evidence of the impact of participatory agroecological interventions on the welfare of household members, including child nutrition, is limited. Moreover, NSA interventions are hypothesized to improve nutrition through three pathways: food production, agricultural income, and women's empowerment. However, there is both limited understanding on how women's empowerment can impact child nutrition and limited understanding on how NSA interventions can impact women's empowerment. This dissertation therefore aimed to [1] systematically review the evidence of various measures of women's empowerment and child nutrition, [2] evaluate whether a participatory agroecological intervention can improve children's dietary diversity scores through improvements in sustainable agriculture practices, food security and gender equity, [3] and further analyze the impact of SNAP-Tz on various measures of women's empowerment and gender equity using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The literature review found that more research is needed to understand the relationship between women's empowerment and child nutrition. The research should involve primary data collection, specify the pathway between women's empowerment and child nutrition examined, and take phase of lifecycle into consideration. The evaluation found that a participatory agroecological intervention is effective in improving children's dietary diversity through improvements in crop diversity, food security, and gender equity. Specifically, the project promoted greater men's involvement in household chores and childcare and decreased prevalence of domestic violence experienced by women, and improved women's mental health. Engaging both men and women and having messages geared toward gender equity communicated by fellow African farmers, especially within discussions of food security and nutrition, were crucial to the project's impacts on gender equity. The study points to a model that successfully leverages agriculture and gender equity to improve child's diet in rural East African communities.
| Author | : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |
| Publisher | : Food & Agriculture Org. |
| Total Pages | : 320 |
| Release | : 2020-07-01 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 925132901X |
Updates for many countries have made it possible to estimate hunger in the world with greater accuracy this year. In particular, newly accessible data enabled the revision of the entire series of undernourishment estimates for China back to 2000, resulting in a substantial downward shift of the series of the number of undernourished in the world. Nevertheless, the revision confirms the trend reported in past editions: the number of people affected by hunger globally has been slowly on the rise since 2014. The report also shows that the burden of malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a challenge. There has been some progress for child stunting, low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding, but at a pace that is still too slow. Childhood overweight is not improving and adult obesity is on the rise in all regions. The report complements the usual assessment of food security and nutrition with projections of what the world may look like in 2030, if trends of the last decade continue. Projections show that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 and, despite some progress, most indicators are also not on track to meet global nutrition targets. The food security and nutritional status of the most vulnerable population groups is likely to deteriorate further due to the health and socio economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The report puts a spotlight on diet quality as a critical link between food security and nutrition. Meeting SDG 2 targets will only be possible if people have enough food to eat and if what they are eating is nutritious and affordable. The report also introduces new analysis of the cost and affordability of healthy diets around the world, by region and in different development contexts. It presents valuations of the health and climate-change costs associated with current food consumption patterns, as well as the potential cost savings if food consumption patterns were to shift towards healthy diets that include sustainability considerations. The report then concludes with a discussion of the policies and strategies to transform food systems to ensure affordable healthy diets, as part of the required efforts to end both hunger and all forms of malnutrition.
