Background: Research remains limited in examining potential risk factors that predispose athletes to sustaining a concussion during play. Identifying premorbid risk factors that can influence a concussive injury would provide athletic trainers, physicians, and other health care professionals with information about markers that might increase an athlete's vulnerability to suffering a concussion on the field. Such an approach is in keeping with primary prevention efforts and proper clinical management of head injuries. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the extent of known or suspected risk factors for concussion measured during pre-season baseline testing. Method: Participants in this study included approximately 600 student athletes, men and women, 18-22 years of age, and representing students from the United States as well as international students. All student athletes completed the Concussion Resolution Index (CRI) and Standardized Concussion Assessment Tool, edition three (SCAT3) as part of pre-competition medical evaluation. Results: A MANOVA revealed no differences between concussion history and the CRI indices as a group. Univariate comparisons for the three CRI indices revealed a significant difference due to the number of concussions for the Processing Speed (PS) index but not for the Simple Reaction Time (SRT) or Complex Reaction Time (CRT). A correction revealed that within the Processing Speed Index, the "none" concussion group was significantly different from the "more than one" concussion group. To determine whether athletes with a history of a concussion would endorse a greater number of concussion related symptoms than those without a concussion, an ANOVA comparison revealed a significant difference in the concussion groups. A post hoc Bonferroni test indicated that there was a significant difference between the "none" concussion group and "one" concussion group in the total number of symptoms. A Chi Square test compared the ratio of "yes/no" concussion history for male athletes and female athletes at baseline and post-trauma and revealed that non-football male athletes were no more likely to report having had a concussion than female athletes. A total of 19.6% of the male athletes endorsed having a concussion history, whereas, 17.3% of the female athletes reported a concussion history. A t-test compared the total number of symptoms and ratings of symptom severity in male and female athletes and revealed no difference in total symptom report, but females reported significantly more severe symptoms. A MANOVA compared the emotional concussion-related symptoms - emotional, irritability, sadness, nervousness/anxious were compared for males and females, and a univariate analysis revealed there was a significant difference between sexes for items- emotional, irritability, and sadness but not for nervousness/anxious. Finally, a cross-tabulation of history of concussion (yes/no) for all teams showed that football and men's lacrosse had a considerably higher percentage of team members who reported at least one previous concussion when contrasted to all other teams. Discussion and Conclusions: There were no significant differences for concussion history and the CRl across groups. However, athletes with one or more concussions demonstrated a decreased performance on the Processing Speed Index. Findings highlight the importance of administering neurocognitive assessments to athletes to recognize whether a previous concussion is affecting their cognitive functioning. Athletes reporting one or more concussions were found to report a higher symptom total than those without a concussion history. This suggests the importance of assessing an athlete's experienced physical and emotional symptoms if concussion history is reported to ensure an athlete is completely recovered before returning to play. Although inconsistent with prior literature, female athletes were no more likely to sustain a concussion than male athletes. Differences in finding may be due to a smaller sample size compared to previous studies. There were no sex differences in symptom reporting, but female athletes were found to have a higher symptom severity level than male athletes. Female athletes were also found to endorse a greater number of emotional symptoms than male athletes. As such, assessing an athlete's mental health is important, as it can impact symptom reporting on baseline measures. Finally, there were a higher percentage of concussions in football and men's lacrosse than the other men's and women's teams. As such, given that certain sports and positions increase an athlete's vulnerability to incurring a concussion, it is critical that athletic trainers, athletes, and physicians are aware of inherent dangers within the sport.