Surveys of highway connected agencies and an extensive literature search of maintenance research in the U.S., Great Britain, and Europe were conducted to compile a review of existing nonchemical methods of snow removal and ice control of concrete surfaces. Details of permanent installations, the water pipe and electrical heating element customarily installed in concrete slabs, are given. Potential applications of electrical and gas-fired infrared heaters are discussed. other methods investigated included covered bridges, electrically conductive road surfaces, snow melting pits, and bridge deck insulation.