Distributional Archaeology

Distributional Archaeology
Author: James I. Ebert
Publisher:
Total Pages: 332
Release: 2001
Genre: Social Science
ISBN:

Archaeology is founded implicitly on the concept of the site, making a careful distinction between sealed sites--presumed to have complete temporal integrity--and the surface record, which is generally considered to be without chronological resolution. While most American archaeologists focus on reconstructing events and episodes at camps, pueblos, and villages, Jim Ebert questions this distinction. Instead, he characterizes the archaeological record as an accumulation of many human events superimposed upon each other across time and distance. The prehistoric Seedskadee area in southwestern Wyoming was something of a frontier: a cultural melting pot, and a transport route between the Great Basin, Great Plains, and intermontane region, where many different lifeways and adaptations have existed. Using the results of work conducted there as a model for a distributional approach, Ebert discusses human settlement and mobility, subsistence and technological strategies, ethnoarchaeology, Great Basin ethnohistory, field survey methods, formation processes, and spatial analytical approaches. Ebert concludes that data collection and analysis that are explicitly nonsite can be utilized to arrive at a different archaeological record based on varying scales and distributions of the actual, definable physical items occurring across large, contiguous landscapes.

Dam Projects and the Growth of American Archaeology

Dam Projects and the Growth of American Archaeology
Author: Kimball M Banks
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 318
Release: 2016-06-16
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 131543072X

The Smithsonian Institution’s River Basin Surveys and the Interagency Archeological Salvage Program were the most ambitious archaeological projects ever undertaken in the United States. Administered by the National Park Service from 1945–1969, the programs had profound effects—methodological, theoretical, and historical—on American archaeology, many of which are still being felt today. They stimulated the public’s interest in heritage preservation, led to the passage of the National Historic Preservation Act, served as the model for rescue archaeology in other countries, and helped launch the “New Archaeology.” This book examines the impacts of these two programs on the development of American archaeology.