Applications of Human Performance Models to System Design

Applications of Human Performance Models to System Design
Author: Grant R. McMillan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 534
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1475792441

The human factors profession is currently attempting to take a more proactive role in the design of man-machine systems than has been character istic of its past. Realizing that human engineering contributions are needed well before the experimental evaluation of prototypes or operational systems, there is a concerted effort to develop tools that predict how humans will interact with proposed designs. This volume provides an over view of one category of such tools: mathematical models of human performance. It represents a collection of invited papers from a 1988 NATO Workshop. The Workshop was conceived and organized by NATO Research Study Group 9 (RSG.9) on "Modelling of Human Operator Behaviour in Weapon Systems". It represented the culmination of over five years of effort, and was attended by 139 persons from Europe, Canada, and the United States. RSG.9 was established in 1982 by Panel 8 of the Defence Research Group to accomplish the following objectives: * Determine the utility and state of the art of human performance modelling. * Encourage international research and the exchange of ideas. * Foster the practical application of modelling research. * Provide a bridge between the models and approaches adopted by engineers and behavioral scientists. * Present the findings in an international symposium.

Applications of Human Performance Models to System Design: Defense Research Series

Applications of Human Performance Models to System Design: Defense Research Series
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 534
Release: 1989
Genre:
ISBN:

Human factors engineers are seeking the opportunity to have an early impact on the design of man-machine systems; to be involved from concept development onward. With this opportunity comes a responsibility. We must provide tools that allow the design team to predict human performance in the same manner that hardware and software performance is predicted. Mathematical models of human performance constitute one - perhaps the most intellectual - category of methods for addressing this requirement. Contents: Task Allocation and Workload Analysis Models; Models of Individual Tasks; Models of Multi-Task Situations; Crew Performance Models; Workspace Design - Anthropometrical and Biomechanical Approaches; Models of Training and Skill Retention; Review and Critique.

Quantitative Modeling of Human Performance in Complex, Dynamic Systems

Quantitative Modeling of Human Performance in Complex, Dynamic Systems
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 108
Release: 1990-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 030904135X

This book describes and evaluates existing models of human performance and their use in the design and evaluation of new human-technology systems. Its primary focus is on the modeling of system operators who perform supervisory and manual control tasks. After an introduction on human performance modeling, the book describes information processing, control theory, task network, and knowledge-based models. It explains models of human performance in aircraft operations, nuclear power plant control, maintenance, and the supervisory control of process control systems, such as oil refineries. The book concludes with a discussion of model parameterization and validation and recommends a number of lines of research needed to strengthen model development and application.

Human Performance Modeling in Aviation

Human Performance Modeling in Aviation
Author: David C. Foyle
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 394
Release: 2007-12-07
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1420062980

Based on the research activities of the six-year NASA human performance modeling project, Human Performance Modeling in Aviation provides an in-depth look at cognitive modeling of human operators for aviation problems. This book presents specific solutions to aviation safety problems and explores methods for integrating human performance modeling into the aviation design process. The text compares the application of five different models to two classes of aviation problems: pilot navigation errors during airport taxi operations and approach and landing performance with synthetic vision systems. This results in a comprehensive summary of the capabilities of each model and of the field in general.

Quantitative Modeling of Human Performance in Complex, Dynamic Systems

Quantitative Modeling of Human Performance in Complex, Dynamic Systems
Author: Panel on Human Performance Modeling
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 82
Release: 1990-01-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780309078429

This book describes and evaluates existing models of human performance and their use in the design and evaluation of new human-technology systems. Its primary focus is on the modeling of system operators who perform supervisory and manual control tasks. After an introduction on human performance modeling, the book describes information processing, control theory, task network, and knowledge-based models. It explains models of human performance in aircraft operations, nuclear power plant control, maintenance, and the supervisory control of process control systems, such as oil refineries. The book concludes with a discussion of model parameterization and validation and recommends a number of lines of research needed to strengthen model development and application.

Verification and Validation of Complex Systems: Human Factors Issues

Verification and Validation of Complex Systems: Human Factors Issues
Author: John A. Wise
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 682
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3662029332

Despite its increasing importance, the verification and validation of the human-machine interface is perhaps the most overlooked aspect of system development. Although much has been written about the design and developmentprocess, very little organized information is available on how to verifyand validate highly complex and highly coupled dynamic systems. Inability toevaluate such systems adequately may become the limiting factor in our ability to employ systems that our technology and knowledge allow us to design. This volume, based on a NATO Advanced Science Institute held in 1992, is designed to provide guidance for the verification and validation of all highly complex and coupled systems. Air traffic control isused an an example to ensure that the theory is described in terms that will allow its implementation, but the results can be applied to all complex and coupled systems. The volume presents the knowledge and theory ina format that will allow readers from a wide variety of backgrounds to apply it to the systems for which they are responsible. The emphasis is on domains where significant advances have been made in the methods of identifying potential problems and in new testing methods and tools. Also emphasized are techniques to identify the assumptions on which a system is built and to spot their weaknesses.

Cognitive Task Analysis

Cognitive Task Analysis
Author: Jan Maarten Schraagen
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 546
Release: 2000-06-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1135665303

Cognitive task analysis is a broad area consisting of tools and techniques for describing the knowledge and strategies required for task performance. Cognitive task analysis has implications for the development of expert systems, training and instructional design, expert decision making and policymaking. It has been applied in a wide range of settings, with different purposes, for instance: specifying user requirements in system design or specifying training requirements in training needs analysis. The topics to be covered by this work include: general approaches to cognitive task analysis, system design, instruction, and cognitive task analysis for teams. The work settings to which the tools and techniques described in this work have been applied include: 911 dispatching, faultfinding on board naval ships, design aircraft, and various support systems. The editors' goal in this book is to present in a single source a comprehensive, in-depth introduction to the field of cognitive task analysis. They have attempted to include as many examples as possible in the book, making it highly suitable for those wishing to undertake a cognitive task analysis themselves. The book also contains a historical introduction to the field and an annotated bibliography, making it an excellent guide to additional resources.

Human Performance Models for Computer-Aided Engineering

Human Performance Models for Computer-Aided Engineering
Author: Jerome I. Elkind
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 345
Release: 2014-06-28
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1483272397

Human Performance Models for Computer-Aided Engineering is a collection of papers that deals with the relationship between scientific theories of human performance and practical engineering. This collection describes the emergence of a scientific engineering paradigm that uses computational theories in computational design aids. This book also considers computational human factors such as human performance models and their application in computer-based engineering designs. This text then presents applications of these models to some helicopter flight problems. This book also explains the four requirements in programming a computer-based model of the sensory performance of a pilot as 1) prediction capability; 2) measurement capability; 3) provision of compatible computer algorithms; and 4) image driven. This collection also describes cognitive structures—aspects of the human information processing system. This text then discusses resource management and time-sharing issues that is related to competition of scarce resources, which can be predictive of the quality of information processing. This book also describes other modeling scenarios such as those predicting human errors, decision making, and shape modeling. This text can prove valuable for computer programmers, engineers, physicists, and research scientists dealing with psychophysics.

Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals

Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals
Author: Joseph D. Bronzino
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 1570
Release: 2006-04-14
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1420003852

Over the last century,medicine has come out of theblack bag and emerged as one of the most dynamic and advanced fields of development in science and technology. Today, biomedical engineering plays a critical role in patient diagnosis, care, and rehabilitation. As such, the field encompasses a wide range of disciplines, from biology and physiolog