Application Of Reactive Distillation For Production Of N Butyl Acetate From N Butanol And Dilute Acetic Acid
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| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 214 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Acetates |
| ISBN | : |
In this research, the simulations of n-butyl acetate synthesis from n-butanol and dilute acetic acid via reactive distillation, in which chemical reactions and separations occur simultaneously, were studied by ASPEN PLUS program. n-butyl acetate esterification was catalyzed by Amberlyst 15. The objective of this work is to produce n-butyl acetate with a concentration not less than 98 mol%. he studies were divided into 2 main parts of pilot and industrial scales. In the pilot scale study, it was found that the reactive distillation equipped with a decanter with total recycle of the organic phase to the column at stage 2 is a suitable column configuration. For the single reactive distillation column, when the concentration of acetic acid is lowered, higher overall energy of the system is required. Considering the case with a pretreatment of acetic acid from 35 wt% to 65 wt%, the pervaporation-reactive distillation hybrid system requires lower energy than the distillation-reactive distillation hybrid system as well as the case with the single reactive distillation. In the industrial scale study, total energy consumptions of the systems follow similar trend of the pilot scale study. However, when considering the total annual cost for the case with 35 wt% acetic acid feed, it was revealed that the single reactive distillation consisting of 0 rectifying, 7 reaction, and 2 stripping stages offers the lowest total annual cost followed by the pervaporation-reactive distillation hybrid system and the distillation-reactive distillation hybrid system,respectively.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 172 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Acetic acid |
| ISBN | : |
Recovery of the dilute acetic acid becomes important issues due to economic and environmental awareness. The present research is focused on the application of a reactive distillation as a potential alternative method for dilute acetic acid recovery. The synthesis of butyl acetate, from esterification of dilute acetic acid with butanol in the reactive distillation is investigated with HYSYS commercial software. The model prediction by the HYSYS simulator is validated with experimental results reported in literature and a good agreement is observed. The effect of dilute acetic acid concentration on reactive distillation performances in terms of butyl acetate production is first studied. The influences of key operating variables on the performance of the reactive distillation are also evaluated in order to design the reactive distillation. Finally, the closed-loop control of a reactive distillation column is explored. Two alternative control structures are evaluated using 80 wt% acetic acid concentration for the production of butyl acetate. Disturbances in fresh feed flow rate and compositions are made to examine the rangeability of the control structures.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 212 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Acetic acid |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Shri Ramaswamy |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 730 |
| Release | : 2013-02-04 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 111849346X |
Separation and purification processes play a critical role in biorefineries and their optimal selection, design and operation to maximise product yields and improve overall process efficiency. Separations and purifications are necessary for upstream processes as well as in maximising and improving product recovery in downstream processes. These processes account for a significant fraction of the total capital and operating costs and also are highly energy intensive. Consequently, a better understanding of separation and purification processes, current and possible alternative and novel advanced methods is essential for achieving the overall techno-economic feasibility and commercial success of sustainable biorefineries. This book presents a comprehensive overview focused specifically on the present state, future challenges and opportunities for separation and purification methods and technologies in biorefineries. Topics covered include: Equilibrium Separations: Distillation, liquid-liquid extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. Affinity-Based Separations: Adsorption, ion exchange, and simulated moving bed technologies. Membrane Based Separations: Microfiltration, ultrafiltration and diafiltration, nanofiltration, membrane pervaporation, and membrane distillation. Solid-liquid Separations: Conventional filtration and solid-liquid extraction. Hybrid/Integrated Reaction-Separation Systems: Membrane bioreactors, extractive fermentation, reactive distillation and reactive absorption. For each of these processes, the fundamental principles and design aspects are presented, followed by a detailed discussion and specific examples of applications in biorefineries. Each chapter also considers the market needs, industrial challenges, future opportunities, and economic importance of the separation and purification methods. The book concludes with a series of detailed case studies including cellulosic bioethanol production, extraction of algae oil from microalgae, and production of biopolymers. Separation and Purification Technologies in Biorefineries is an essential resource for scientists and engineers, as well as researchers and academics working in the broader conventional and emerging bio-based products industry, including biomaterials, biochemicals, biofuels and bioenergy.
| Author | : Alexander Niesbach |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 17 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128085363 |
Due to the scarcity of oil in the future, alternative resources and production pathways for the production of chemicals need to be identified. To allow for an economic production of these chemicals, the use of innovative equipment and methods has to be investigated to intensify the processes. Reaction distillation integrates separation by distillation and reaction into one unit and is already known to be a promising concept to improve process performance, leading to more sustainable processes. However, the design of reactive distillation processes using bio-based raw materials is difficult because the wide impurity profile of the reactants may lead to a large number of additional reactions and thermodynamic non-idealties. Hence, within this work, a 4-step methodology for the design of a reactive distillation column processing bio-based resources is presented. In this study, the focus is on the impact of impurities, resulting from the use of bio-based raw material. Based on these results, the product purity in presence of the impurities is analysed and operational and design changes to overcome identified product purity limitations will be presented.
| Author | : Zhangfa Tong |
| Publisher | : World Scientific |
| Total Pages | : 1062 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9812389164 |
This book presents the latest achievements of separation science and technology. It highlights the application of separation with regard to problems of current interest, such as the protection of the environment and the development of emerging technology, including chemical engineering, biotechnology, renewable energy sources and recycling of materials.
| Author | : Kai Sundmacher |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 308 |
| Release | : 2006-08-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3527606262 |
In a reactive distillation column, both the chemical conversion and the distillative separation of the product mixture are carried out simultaneously. Through this integrative strategy, chemical equilibrium limitations can be overcome, higher selectivities can be achieved and heat of reaction can be directly used for distillation. Increased process efficiency and reduction of investments and operational costs are the direct results of this approach. Highly renowned international experts from both industry and academia review the state-of-the-art and the future directions in application, design, analysis and control of Reactive Distillation processes. Part I surveys various industrial applications and covers both established large scale processes as well as new chemical reaction schemes with high future potential. Part II provides the vital details for analysis of reactive phase equilibria, and discusses the importance of chemical reaction kinetics, while Part III focuses on identifying feasible column configurations and designing their internal structure. Analysis and control of the complex dynamic and steady-state behavior of reactive distillation processes are described in Part IV. Reactive Distillation - a very promising alternative to conventional reaction-distillation flow schemes.
| Author | : N. Lawrence Ricker |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 172 |
| Release | : 1980 |
| Genre | : Acetic acid |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 210 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : Butyl acetate |
| ISBN | : |
Application of a reactive distillation for butyl acetate production has been received increasing attention over last decades because it can reduce both operating costs as well as capital investments. However, the control of reactive distillation is a challenging problem due to its complex dynamics which results from combining the reaction and separation into single unit. Conventional PID control cannot always handle its high nonlinearity. Therefore, this research considers the application of a model predictive control (MPC) to a butyl acetate reactive distillation column. A dynamic model of the reactive distillation for butyl acetate production is developed based on material and energy balances, vapor-liquid equilibrium and reaction kinetics. The accuracy of simulation results is compared with the literature and a good agreement is observed. Two alternative control structures based on a MPC controller are proposed and the performances of both the control structures for disturbance rejection and set-point tracking are investigated and discussed. Finally, the performance of MPC controller is evaluated and compared to that of a conventional PI controller.
| Author | : Erik Stein |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 156 |
| Release | : 2003-01 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9783832219697 |
