Anticipating Criminal Behaviour
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| Author | : Thomas Gabor |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 136 |
| Release | : 1986 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : |
This is an introduction to the techniques of predicting criminal behaviour, and the ethical and practical issues surrounding them. It discusses the use of prediction in bail, sentencing, and parole decisions, as well as in the allocation of treatments to offenders and presents a typology of predictive approaches. This typology serves as the framework for a discussion of the various predictive factors, including sex, race and ethnicity, age, personality and intelligence, socio-economic status, criminal history, institutional adjustment, drug and alcohol use, etc. Issues of variable measurement and sampling are reviewed, as are some of the statistical methods used to predict criminality, including the Burgess Method, predictive attributive analysis, multiple regression, multidiscriminant analysis, and log-linear techniques. The book concludes with an evaluation of the potential value of statistical predictions.
| Author | : Hendrik Jacob Herik |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9789462401525 |
| Author | : Garen Wintemute |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Crime forecasting |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : John Monahan |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 183 |
| Release | : 1981 |
| Genre | : Prediction (Psychology) |
| ISBN | : 9780835784993 |
'...essential reading for those confronted with the ethical and professional dilemmas involved in predicting violent behavior. Lawyers are destined to become familiar with Monahan's book, and mental health professionals will surely want to keep a step ahead.' -- Contemporary Psychology, Vol 27 No 2 '...In summary, Monahan's book is a very readable and succinct one. Often the reader finds himself saying "...well of course, what could be more obvious?" only to reflect for a minute and realize that many clinicians do not give many obvious relevant factors adequate weight in their assessments of dangerousness. Monahan's text is a very positive one which as he puts it, outlines for the clinician: "How to do it (predict vi
| Author | : Alex R. Piquero |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 260 |
| Release | : 2007-01-08 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9780521613095 |
| Author | : Peter A. M. G. Kock |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : Criminal behavior, Prediction of |
| ISBN | : 9789462401600 |
In the first decade of this century, the focus of law-enforcement agencies has shifted from prosecuting crime to anticipating crime. This approach emphasizes the discovery of narratives in crime-related data. However, while narratives are at the mainstay of entertainment, law, and politics, a scientific method by which narratives can be created - and subsequently be used to anticipate criminal behavior - still has to be established. In the creative industry, a narrative is generated by a scenario. A scenario describes the interactions between the characters and includes information - about behavior, goals, motivations, modi operandi, and resistances - that have to be overcome. Furthermore, a creative scenario is composed by a limited number of scenario components. In this book, a new and innovative scenario model is designed by which narratives in data can be detected. It introduces the ESC12 - the twelve Elementary Scenario Components - by which every conceivable narrative can be created. Moreover, the book introduces the ESC12 scenario model, a model that may support law enforcement agencies to effectively anticipate criminal behavior. The book's author, Peter A.M.G. de Kock, graduated as a filmmaker from the Film Academy of the Amsterdam School of the Arts in 1994, and has traveled all over the world as a professional photographer, cameraman, and film-director. In 2009, after receiving a Master degree in Criminal Investigation, he introduced creative scenarios to anticipate (terrorist) attacks. The operational results of his team were thought provoking, and he was invited to demonstrate his method of operation to prominent members of Dutch Parliament and the Ministry of Security and Justice. He was then offered the opportunity to pursue the use of scenarios to anticipate crime, as an external Ph.D. student at Tilburg University. This book is the result of his study. [Subject: Criminology, Policing]
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 409 |
| Release | : 2018-03-23 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0309467136 |
Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
| Author | : Sanja Milivojevic |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 141 |
| Release | : 2021-04-21 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1000374394 |
Crime and Punishment in the Future Internet is an examination of the development and impact of digital frontier technologies (DFTs) such as Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of things, autonomous mobile robots, and blockchain on offending, crime control, the criminal justice system, and the discipline of criminology. It poses criminological, legal, ethical, and policy questions linked to such development and anticipates the impact of DFTs on crime and offending. It forestalls their wide-ranging consequences, including the proliferation of new types of vulnerability, policing and other mechanisms of social control, and the threat of pervasive and intrusive surveillance. Two key concerns lie at the heart of this volume. First, the book investigates the origins and development of emerging DFTs and their interactions with criminal behaviour, crime prevention, victimisation, and crime control. It also investigates the future advances and likely impact of such processes on a range of social actors: citizens, non-citizens, offenders, victims of crime, judiciary and law enforcement, media, NGOs. This book does not adopt technological determinism that suggests technology alone drives social development. Yet, while it is impossible to know where the emerging technologies are taking us, there is no doubt that DFTs will shape the way we engage with and experience criminal behaviour in the twenty-first century. As such, this book starts the conversation about a range of essential topics that this expansion brings to social sciences, and begins to decipher challenges we will be facing in the future. An accessible and compelling read, this book will appeal to those engaged with criminology, sociology, politics, policymaking, and all those interested in the impact of DFTs on the criminal justice system.
| Author | : Gitanjali Adlakha-Hutcheon |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 298 |
| Release | : 2022-08-27 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 3031066367 |
This book explores types of disruptions in defence and security, ways to assess disruptions triggered by technological advancements or the lack of legal frameworks; the consequent delays or disruptions to making decisions, creative idea generation and finally the innovative pathways to counter such disruptions. What do disruption, ideation and innovation have in common? How do disruptions, ideas and innovation coexist within defence and security? They all influence and impact decision-making. Disruptions drive decision-making. Ideation raises solutions to resolve the disruptions and innovation brings ideas into life. While disruptions may be common place in the business world, where disruptive technologies displace pre-existing ones; they are less prevalent in defence, even less so within the realm of security. For the last 10 years, there has been talk of disruptive technologies and even adoption of terms such as emerging and disruptive technologies by the largest military alliance—NATO, yet the means to assess these remain elusive. It offers researchers opportunities to assess different types of disruptions, ideate and innovate on scientific grounds to counter disruptions, thereby bolstering the defence and security community’s ability to make decisions better.
| Author | : Andrew Maynard |
| Publisher | : Mango Media Inc. |
| Total Pages | : 246 |
| Release | : 2018-11-15 |
| Genre | : Performing Arts |
| ISBN | : 1633539067 |
“Deftly shows how a seemingly frivolous film genre can guide us in shaping tomorrow’s world.” —Seth Shostak, senior astronomer, SETI Institute Artificial intelligence, gene manipulation, cloning, and interplanetary travel are all ideas that seemed like fairy tales but a few years ago. And now their possibilities are very much here. But are we ready to handle these advances? This book, by a physicist and expert on responsible technology development, reveals how science fiction movies can help us think about and prepare for the social consequences of technologies we don’t yet have, but that are coming faster than we imagine. Films from the Future looks at twelve movies that take us on a journey through the worlds of biological and genetic manipulation, human enhancement, cyber technologies, and nanotechnology. Readers will gain a broader understanding of the complex relationship between science and society. The movies mix old and new, and the familiar and unfamiliar, to provide a unique, entertaining, and ultimately transformative take on the power of emerging technologies, and the responsibilities they come with.
