Recent market declines have significantly diminished the asset value of state and local pension plans (PP). Reported unfunded liabil. for these plans are estimated in the hundreds of billions of dollars. As a result, in the long term, these governments may need to make significant fiscal adjustments such as modifying employee benefits, or increasing contributions to plans. They may also alter invest. strategies to attempt to maximize returns by assuming increased risk. This report examined: (1) who makes invest. decisions for PP and what guides their decision making; (2) how PP allocate their assets and manage their invest.; and (3) practices that PP are using to meet a range of challenges in governance, invest., or funding. Illus. A print on demand report.