Reproductive Strategies and Developmental Patterns in Annelids

Reproductive Strategies and Developmental Patterns in Annelids
Author: Adriaan W.C. Dorresteijn
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2013-04-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401728879

The fascination of the Annelida to scientists lies in the beauty of their structures and the functionality of their body plan, the tremendous adaptive radiation which has made it possible for these animals to colonize almost all marine, limnic and terrestrial biotopes. In doing so they have evolved a great variety of life forms, and their reproduction and development are correspondingly diverse, with many modes and patterns unique in the animal kingdom. In this special volume recent progress in this broad research area is presented by 26 specialists, in general through surveys or treatments of selected examples. Some of them review important annelid taxa such as the Nereididae, Syllidae, Spionidae, Cirratulidae, Clitellata, and Pogonophora; others analyse reproductive and developmental structures and phenomena in annelids, e.g. segmental organs, sex pheromones, oogenesis, mating systems, sperm types, life cycles, larval settlement, cleavage and symmetry of embryos, or discuss controversial approaches to annelid systematics. The book will be of interest to all zoologists who work with annelids as well as to embryologists and other researchers in reproductive biology.

Trees in a Changing Environment

Trees in a Changing Environment
Author: Michael Tausz
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 293
Release: 2014-08-26
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401791007

This book delivers current state-of-the-science knowledge of tree ecophysiology, with particular emphasis on adaptation to a novel future physical and chemical environment. Unlike the focus of most books on the topic, this considers air chemistry changes (O3, NOx, and N deposition) in addition to elevated CO2 effects and its secondary effects of elevated temperature. The authors have addressed two systems essential for plant life: water handling capacity from the perspective of water transport; the coupling of xylem and phloem water potential and flow; water and nutrition uptake via likely changes in mycorrhizal relationships; control of water loss via stomata and its retention via cellular regulation; and within plant carbon dynamics from the perspective of environmental limitations to growth, allocation to defences, and changes in partitioning to respiration. The authors offer expert knowledge and insight to develop likely outcomes within the context of many unknowns. We offer this comprehensive analysis of tree responses and their capacity to respond to environmental changes to provide a better insight in understanding likelihood for survival, as well as planning for the future with long-lived, stationary organisms adapted to the past: trees.

Infection and Local Treatment in Orthopedic Surgery

Infection and Local Treatment in Orthopedic Surgery
Author: E. Meani
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2007-04-27
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3540479996

The management of orthopedic infection is an area of growing importance in orthopedic surgery. This text provides a complete overview from basic research to clinical application and future perspectives in the treatment of orthopedic infection emphasizing the role of local therapy. Coverage details the various approaches to the treatment of orthopedic infections, making the book an important tool for the daily practice of its readers.

Coal Gasification and Its Applications

Coal Gasification and Its Applications
Author: David A. Bell
Publisher: William Andrew
Total Pages: 414
Release: 2010-12-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1437778518

Skyrocketing energy costs have spurred renewed interest in coal gasification. Currently available information on this subject needs to be updated, however, and focused on specific coals and end products. For example, carbon capture and sequestration, previously given little attention, now has a prominent role in coal conversion processes.This book approaches coal gasification and related technologies from a process engineering point of view, with topics chosen to aid the process engineer who is interested in a complete, coal-to-products system. It provides a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of coal conversion processes.The first topic describes the nature and availability of coal. Next, the fundamentals of gasification are described, followed by a description of gasification technologies and gas cleaning processes. The conversion of syngas to electricity, fuels and chemicals is then discussed. Finally, process economics are covered. Emphasis is given to the selection of gasification technology based on the type of coal fed to the gasifier and desired end product: E.g., lower temperature gasifiers produce substantial quantities of methane, which is undesirable in an ammonia synthesis feed. This book also reviews gasification kinetics which is informed by recent papers and process design studies by the US Department of Energy and other groups, and also largely ignored by other gasification books.• Approaches coal gasification and related technologies from a process engineering point of view, providing a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of coal conversion processes • Describes the fundamentals of gasification, gasification technologies, and gas cleaning processes • Emphasizes the importance of the coal types fed to the gasifier and desired end products • Covers gasification kinetics, which was largely ignored by other gasification books Provides a perspective for engineers and scientists who analyze and improve components of the coal conversion processes Describes the fundamentals of gasification, gasification technologies, and gas cleaning processes Covers gasification kinetics, which was largely ignored by other gasification books

Jet Cutting Technology

Jet Cutting Technology
Author: A. Lichtarowicz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 621
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 940112678X

This volume contains papers presented at the 11th International Conference on Jet Cutting Technology, held at St. Andrews, Scotland, on 8-10 September 1992. Jetting techniques have been successfully applied for many years in the field of cleaning and descaling. Today, however, jet cutting is used in operations as diverse as removing cancerous growths from the human body, decommissioning sunsea installations and disabling explosive munitions. The diversity is reflected in the papers presented at the conference. The papers were divided into several main sections: jetting basics -- materials; jetting basics -- fluid mechanics; mining and quarrying; civil engineering; new developments; petrochem; cleaning and surface treatment; and manufacturing. The high quality of papers presented at the conference has further reinforced its position as the premier event in the field. The volume will be of interest to researchers, developers and manufacturers of systems, equipment users and contractors.

Illustrated 2009 Building Code Handbook

Illustrated 2009 Building Code Handbook
Author: Terry Patterson
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Total Pages: 1210
Release: 2009-09-07
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 007160619X

A Unique Visual Guide to the 2009 International Building Code Updated to reflect the changes in the International Code Council 2009 International Building Code, this illustrated guide makes it easy to understand and apply complex Code requirements and achieve compliance. Designed to save you time and money, this detailed reference transforms difficult paragraphs into simple lists and converts complicated equations into accessible tables. Ready-to-use answers and practical case studies help you get construction jobs done right, on time, and up to the requirements of the 2009 Code. The Illustrated 2009 Building Code Handbook is also an invaluable study guide for the design portion of the architectural licensing examination. Achieve Full Compliance with Every Aspect of the 2009 Code: Scope and Administration Definitions Use and Occupancy Classification Special Detailed Requirements Based on Use and Occupancy General Building Heights and Areas Types of Construction Fire and Smoke Protection Features Interior Finishes Fire Protection Systems Means of Egress Accessibility Interior Environment Energy Efficiency Exterior Walls Roof Assemblies and Rooftop Structures Structural Design Structural Tests and Special Inspections Soils and Foundations Concrete Aluminum Masonry Steel Wood Glass and Glazing Gypsum Board and Plaster Plastic Electrical Mechanical Systems Plumbing Systems Elevators and Conveying Systems Special Construction Encroachments into the Public Right-of-Way Safeguards During Construction Existing Structures Referenced Standards