Information & Experimental Knowledge

Information & Experimental Knowledge
Author: James Mattingly
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 373
Release: 2021-12-13
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 022680478X

An ambitious new model of experimentation that will reorient our understanding of the key features of experimental practice. What is experimental knowledge, and how do we get it? While there is general agreement that experiment is a crucial source of scientific knowledge, how experiment generates that knowledge is far more contentious. In this book, philosopher of science James Mattingly explains how experiments function. Specifically, he discusses what it is about experimental practice that transforms observations of what may be very localized, particular, isolated systems into what may be global, general, integrated empirical knowledge. Mattingly argues that the purpose of experimentation is the same as the purpose of any other knowledge-generating enterprise—to change the state of information of the knower. This trivial-seeming point has a non-trivial consequence: to understand a knowledge-generating enterprise, we should follow the flow of information. Therefore, the account of experimental knowledge Mattingly provides is based on understanding how information flows in experiments: what facilitates that flow, what hinders it, and what characteristics allow it to flow from system to system, into the heads of researchers, and finally into our store of scientific knowledge.

Oligonucleotide-Based Drugs and Therapeutics

Oligonucleotide-Based Drugs and Therapeutics
Author: Nicolay Ferrari
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 594
Release: 2018-06-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1119070309

A comprehensive review of contemporary antisense oligonucleotides drugs and therapeutic principles, methods, applications, and research Oligonucleotide-based drugs, in particular antisense oligonucleotides, are part of a growing number of pharmaceutical and biotech programs progressing to treat a wide range of indications including cancer, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, neuromuscular, and respiratory diseases, as well as other severe and rare diseases. Reviewing fundamentals and offering guidelines for drug discovery and development, this book is a practical guide covering all key aspects of this increasingly popular area of pharmacology and biotech and pharma research, from the basic science behind antisense oligonucleotides chemistry, toxicology, manufacturing, to safety assessments, the design of therapeutic protocols, to clinical experience. Antisense oligonucleotides are single strands of DNA or RNA that are complementary to a chosen sequence. While the idea of antisense oligonucleotides to target single genes dates back to the 1970's, most advances have taken place in recent years. The increasing number of antisense oligonucleotide programs in clinical development is a testament to the progress and understanding of pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicologic properties as well as improvement in the delivery of oligonucleotides. This valuable book reviews the fundamentals of oligonucleotides, with a focus on antisense oligonucleotide drugs, and reports on the latest research underway worldwide. • Helps readers understand antisense molecules and their targets, biochemistry, and toxicity mechanisms, roles in disease, and applications for safety and therapeutics • Examines the principles, practices, and tools for scientists in both pre-clinical and clinical settings and how to apply them to antisense oligonucleotides • Provides guidelines for scientists in drug design and discovery to help improve efficiency, assessment, and the success of drug candidates • Includes interdisciplinary perspectives, from academia, industry, regulatory and from the fields of pharmacology, toxicology, biology, and medicinal chemistry Oligonucleotide-Based Drugs and Therapeutics belongs on the reference shelves of chemists, pharmaceutical scientists, chemical biologists, toxicologists and other scientists working in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. It will also be a valuable resource for regulatory specialists and safety assessment professionals and an important reference for academic researchers and post-graduates interested in therapeutics, antisense therapy, and oligonucleotides.

Mark Twain’s Book of Animals

Mark Twain’s Book of Animals
Author: Mark Twain
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Total Pages: 338
Release: 2011-07
Genre: Humor
ISBN: 0520271521

"For those unaware—as I was until I read this book—that Mark Twain was one of America's early animal advocates, Shelley Fisher Fishkin's collection of his writings on animals will come as a revelation. Many of these pieces are as fresh and lively as when they were first written, and it's wonderful to have them gathered in one place." —Peter Singer, author of Animal Liberation and The Life You Can Save “A truly exhilarating work. Mark Twain's animal-friendly views would not be out of place today, and indeed, in certain respects, Twain is still ahead of us: claiming, correctly, that there are certain degraded practices that only humans inflict on one another and upon other animals. Fishkin has done a splendid job: I cannot remember reading something so consistently excellent."—Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson, author of When Elephants Weep and The Face on Your Plate "Shelley Fisher Fishkin has given us the lifelong arc of the great man's antic, hilarious, and subtly profound explorations of the animal world, and she's guided us through it with her own trademark wit and acumen. Dogged if she hasn't." —Ron Powers, author of Dangerous Water: A Biography of the Boy Who Became Mark Twain and Mark Twain: A Life

When Animals Die

When Animals Die
Author: Katja M. Guenther
Publisher: NYU Press
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2024-05-21
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 1479818895

"Incorporating insights from leading experts across a range of disciplines, including the social sciences, the humanities, and the biological sciences, When Animals Die offers a fascinating and comprehensive examination of animal death, one of the most fraught aspects of human relations with other-than-human animals"--

Progress in Behavior Modification

Progress in Behavior Modification
Author: Michel Hersen
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 377
Release: 2013-10-22
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1483277127

Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 3, is a multidisciplinary serial publication that encompasses the contributions of psychology, psychiatry, social work, speech therapy, education, and rehabilitation. This serial aims to meet the need for a review publication that undertakes to present yearly in-depth evaluations that include a scholarly examination of theoretical underpinnings, a careful survey of research findings, and a comparative analysis of existing techniques and methodologies. The discussions center on a wide spectrum of child and adult disorders. The present volume opens with a chapter on behavior modification and hypnosis. This is followed by separate chapters on applications of behavior modification procedures in classroom settings; smoking behavior modification; and psychotherapy outcome research. Subsequent chapters deal with the behavioral approach to teaching learning disabled children; evaluation of animal analogues of behavioral treatment; therapy for sexual dysfunction; and research in the area of transfer of training of operant treatment effects with children.

Engineering Plant-Based Food Systems

Engineering Plant-Based Food Systems
Author: Sangeeta Prakash
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2022-11-16
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0323885608

Engineering Plant-Based Food Systems provides a comprehensive, in-depth understanding on the technologies used to create quality plant-based foods. This title helps researchers and food processors gain an understanding of the diverse aspects of plant-based foods, with a focus to meet the current consumers' demand of alternatives to animal products. This is a one-stop source that provides maximum information related to plant-based foods to food science researchers, food engineers and food processing/manufacturers. This book will enhance their understanding of plant-based protein sources, their application, product manufacturing, and bioavailability. In recent years, the emphasis on minimizing environmental footprints (climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity) and human health issues related to animal source food intakes has shifted the attention of researchers, dietitians and health professionals from animal-based diets to diets rich in plant-based foods (legumes, nuts, seeds). - Explores the plant sources available for extraction of proteins, the various extraction methods and the quality and functionality of the extracted proteins - Describes existing plant-based foods such as beverages, yogurts, spreads, fermented foods and meats - Provides information related to various plant based functional components such as polyphenols, phytosterols, aromatics and essential oils, etc.

Criminals as Animals from Shakespeare to Lombroso

Criminals as Animals from Shakespeare to Lombroso
Author: Greta Olson
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Total Pages: 366
Release: 2013-12-12
Genre: Literary Collections
ISBN: 3110339846

Criminals as Animals from Shakespeare to Lombroso demonstrates how animal metaphors have been used to denigrate persons identified as criminal in literature, law, and science. Its three-part history traces the popularization of the 'criminal beast' metaphor in late sixteenth-century England, the troubling of the trope during the long eighteenth century, and the late nineteenth-century discovery of criminal atavism. With chapters on rogue pamphlets, Shakespeare, Webster, Jonson, Defoe and Swift, Godwin, Dickens, and Lombroso, the book illustrates how ideologically inscribed metaphors foster transfers between law, penal practices, and literature. Criminals as Animals concludes that criminal-animal metaphors continue to negatively influence the treatment of prisoners, suspected terrorists, and the poor even today.

UFOs, Chemtrails, and Aliens

UFOs, Chemtrails, and Aliens
Author: Donald R. Prothero
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Total Pages: 482
Release: 2017-08-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0253027063

A wide-ranging survey offers “entertainment as well as wisdom for everyone who’s ever wondered what’s behind so many conspiracy theories and paranormal phenomena” (Publishers Weekly). UFOs. Aliens. Strange crop circles. Giant figures scratched in the desert surface along the coast of Peru. The amazing alignment of the pyramids. Strange lines of clouds in the sky. The paranormal is alive and well in the American cultural landscape. In UFOs, Chemtrails, and Aliens, Donald R. Prothero and Tim Callahan explore why such demonstrably false beliefs thrive despite decades of education and scientific debunking. Employing the ground rules of science and the standards of scientific evidence, Prothero and Callahan discuss a wide range of topics including the reliability of eyewitness testimony, psychological research into why people want to believe in aliens and UFOs, and the role conspiratorial thinking plays in UFO culture. They examine a variety of UFO sightings and describe the standards of evidence used to determine whether UFOs are actual alien spacecraft. Finally, they consider our views of aliens and the strong cultural signals that provide the shapes and behaviors of these beings. While their approach is firmly based in science, Prothero and Callahan also share their personal experiences of Area 51, Roswell, and other legendary sites, creating a narrative that is sure to engross both skeptics and believers.

Principles of Diabetes Mellitus

Principles of Diabetes Mellitus
Author: Leonid Poretsky
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 869
Release: 2010-01-24
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0387098410

"Principles of Diabetes Mellitus, Second Edition" is an important update to the comprehensive textbook first published in 2002 and reissued in 2004. It is written for physicians of all specialties who, on a daily basis, deal with an illness which has reached epidemic proportions. The book is also intended for medical students and investigators of all aspects of diabetes. The last five years have witnessed major developments in our understanding of diabetes and in therapeutic approaches to this disease. Thus, in addition to updating all chapters, the authors added eight new chapters to the second edition. "Principles of Diabetes Mellitus, Second Edition" covers diabetes in all of its aspects – genetics, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, therapy and prevention.

Ethical Approaches to Human Remains

Ethical Approaches to Human Remains
Author: Kirsty Squires
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 653
Release: 2020-01-01
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 3030329267

This book is the first of its kind, combining international perspectives on the current ethical considerations and challenges facing bioarchaeologists in the recovery, analysis, curation, and display of human remains. It explores how museum curators, commercial practitioners, forensic anthropologists, and bioarchaeologists deal with ethical issues pertaining to human remains in traditional and digital settings around the world. The book not only raises key ethical questions concerning the study, display, and curation of skeletal remains that bioarchaeologists must face and overcome in different countries, but also explores how this global community can work together to increase awareness of similar and, indeed, disparate ethical considerations around the world and how they can be addressed in working practices. The key aspects addressed include ethics in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology, the excavation, curation, and display of human remains, repatriation, and new imaging techniques. As such, the book offers an ideal guide for students and practitioners in the fields of bioarchaeology, osteoarchaeology, forensic anthropology, medical anthropology, archaeology, anatomy, museum and archive studies, and philosophy, detailing how some ethical dilemmas have been addressed and which future dilemmas need to be considered.