Analytical Assessment of e-Cigarettes

Analytical Assessment of e-Cigarettes
Author: Konstantinos E. Farsalinos
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 164
Release: 2016-11-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128112425
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A volume in the Emerging Issues in Analytical Chemistry series, Analytical Assessment of E-Cigarettes: From Contents to Chemical and Particle Exposure Profiles addresses the many issues surrounding electronic cigarettes in an unprecedented level of scientific detail. The plethora of product devices, formulations, and flavors, combined with the lack of industry standards and labeling requirements, quality control, and limited product oversight, has given rise to public concern about initiation of use and potential for adverse exposure and negative long-term health outcomes. This volume discusses how analytical methods can address these issues and support the manufacturing, labeling, distribution, testing, regulation, and monitoring for consistency of products with known chemical content and demonstrated performance characteristics. The book begins with the background on aerosol drug delivery services and e-cigarettes, constituents of nicotine-containing liquid dosing formulations, typical use scenarios and associated aerosol emissions, and chemical exposures and pharmacological and toxicological effect profiles, and then continues with descriptions of the analytical methods used to characterize the chemicals in formulations and emissions from e-cigarettes, including their stability, physical particle-size distribution and thermal degradation under commonly employed conditions of use. Analytical methods enabling detection of biomarkers of exposure and harm in complex biological matrices are discussed, with an emphasis on constituents or emissions of current medicinal interest or with potential to produce harm. Opportunities and challenges for analytical chemistry in supporting the continued development and use of safe and consistent dosage formulations as alternatives to tobacco products are also explored, with a concluding section describing an analytical approach to a risk-benefit assessment of e-cigarette use on human health. The Emerging Issues in Analytical Chemistry series is published in partnership with RTI International and edited by Brian F. Thomas. Please be sure to check out our other featured volumes: Thomas, Brian F. and ElSohly, Mahmoud. The Analytical Chemistry of Cannabis: Quality Assessment, Assurance, and Regulation of Medicinal Marijuana and Cannabinoid Preparations, 9780128046463, December 2015. Hackney, Anthony C. Exercise, Sport, and Bioanalytical Chemistry: Principles and Practice, 9780128092064, March 2016.Tanna, Sangeeta and Lawson, Graham. Analytical Chemistry for Assessing Medication Adherence, 9780128054635, April 2016.Rao, Vikram; Knight, Rob; and Stoner, Brian. Sustainable Shale Oil and Gas: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Geochemistry Methods, 9780128103890, September 2016. Discusses the chemistry and physics involved in aerosol production, inhalation, deposition, chemical exposure, and effect assessment Contains current information and state-of-the-science methods on e-cigarette emissions, exposures, and harm assessment Offers an authoritative, objective perspective from five of the most well-recognized scientists in their areas of expertise who have no personal stake in the e-cigarette industry or the opposition Includes a foreword written by Dr. Neal Benowitz

Analytical Assessment Of E-Cigarettes

Analytical Assessment Of E-Cigarettes
Author: Wilbur Dohm
Publisher:
Total Pages: 118
Release: 2021-04-13
Genre:
ISBN:
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What is the difference between e-cigarettes and vaping? 5 Vaping Facts You Need to Know Know the Risks: E-cigarettes & Young People In this book, you'll read how easy it was to perpetrate such a dangerous product like e-cigarettes, about how a simple design supposedly created for one use became a public health hazard once dollars were the prize, about the lack of scientific testing before the release of vapes, and about what is being done now so this never happens again.

Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes

Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 775
Release: 2018-05-18
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 030946837X
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Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.

WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2013

WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2013
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
Total Pages: 210
Release: 2013
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9241505877
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"The continued success in global tobacco control is detailed in this year’s WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2013. The fourth in the series, this year’s report presents the status of the MPOWER measures, with country-specific data updated and aggregated through 2012. In addition, the report provides a special focus on legislation to ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) in WHO Member States and an in-depth analyses of TAPS bans were performed, allowing for a more detailed understanding of progress and future challenges in this area."--Website summary.

Analysis of Electronic Cigarettes Contaminants, Effectiveness of Nicotine Concentration Tests, and Statistical Overview of the Usage of Electronic Cigarettes

Analysis of Electronic Cigarettes Contaminants, Effectiveness of Nicotine Concentration Tests, and Statistical Overview of the Usage of Electronic Cigarettes
Author: Harris Alam
Publisher:
Total Pages: 48
Release: 2021
Genre:
ISBN:
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Electronic cigarettes are a recent trend that has spark interest in young adults and teens. Due to the recent growth of electronic cigarette companies and their low manufacturing costs, this has allowed the entry-level price point to be drastically low allowing for teens and adults to become users. These products deliver an addictive dose of nicotine and, in the last years, have caused unexpected pulmonary complications that have often resulted in hospitalization. This project is a three-part study that aims to identify contaminants, nicotine concentration, and the psychological reasoning behind vaping. The first part of the study is a statistical overview of the population of students that do smoke and the psychological reason for them starting. This study focuses on the students at University of Central Florida. The second part is the utilization of analytical methods to determine the nicotine concentration and identify any contaminants found in electronic cigarette liquids. This part utilizes gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Additionally, all chemicals that are identified using the GCMS are thoroughly reviewed to determine its usefulness in the electronic cigarette liquid and its effect on the human body. Acid-base titrations are used by many companies and by avid "DIY" vape users to determine the nicotine concentration in the liquid that has been manufactured. This method is very inaccurate and can only give a rough estimate of the nicotine concentration. The third part uses acid-base titrations to determine the nicotine concentration of the electronic cigarette liquids and compare them to the analytic data found in the previous test that utilizes gas chromatography.

Toxicological Evaluation of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Products

Toxicological Evaluation of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Products
Author: Manuel C. Peitsch
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 622
Release: 2021-01-14
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128209356
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Toxicological Evaluation of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Products (ENDP) discusses the scientific basis for the toxicological assessment and evaluation of ENDPs. The book covers aerosol chemistry, in vitro and in vivo studies as well as clinical studies. It provides the basis for the evaluation of short and long term-effects, along with relative risks. It also examines the potential role of ENDPs in tobacco harm reduction and how they may reduce the risk of disease in smokers who switch to them. This book is a comprehensive resource for toxicologists, health practitioners and public health professionals who want the scientific information necessary to assess the relative risk of ENDPs when compared with cigarette smoking and cessation. Delivers a comprehensive overview of current state of science Offers an integrated analysis of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products Provides guidance for methodologies

Electronic Cigarettes and Vape Devices

Electronic Cigarettes and Vape Devices
Author: Susan Chu Walley
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 144
Release: 2021-08-12
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030786722
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Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes), also known as vape devices or by trade names such as JUUL, are handheld devices that aerosolize liquid commonly containing nicotine, humectants and flavorings. Used by 1 in 5 high school students in 2020, they are the most common tobacco product used by youth. E-cigarette use has been associated with a variety of health issues such as nicotine addiction, e-cigarette or vaping associated lung illness (EVALI), seizures, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This first-of-its-kind book begins with an introduction and background on the historical context of tobacco products. The next chapters provide an overview of the e-cigarette landscape and reviews the e-cigarette devices and solutions and the evolution of these products. This is followed by reviews of the health effects of e-cigarettes on users and non-users and includes recommendations for prevention and treatment of youth e-cigarette use. The last few chapters address the public health impact of e-cigarettes with a review of the evidence of e-cigarettes in smoking cessation. The book closes with policy and advocacy approaches and a resource page. E-cigarette and vape device use pose a public health crisis. This book contains succinct practical information and is a key reference for pediatricians as well as clinicians of all specialities. It also serves as a resource for health professionals, including tobacco dependence treatment providers and public health experts.

Analysis of Nicotine in Electronic Cigarettes Using Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry

Analysis of Nicotine in Electronic Cigarettes Using Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry
Author: Gloria Wink
Publisher:
Total Pages: 132
Release: 2015
Genre: Electronic cigarettes
ISBN:
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"Electronic cigarettes (ECs) have emerged in the marketplace in recent years and are gaining popularity, but with relatively little understanding of their health impact to consumers. To remedy the gap in knowledge about ECs and their emissions, we have developed a technique to measure their nicotine content, emission efficiency, and nicotine delivery using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Figures of merit for the GC-MS analytical method were determined. In addition to the analytical method development, we also studied the nicotine characteristics of disposable and re-fillable ECs (both in e-liquids and emissions) using our method. For the disposable ECs, prior to puffing, products were dissected; the nicotine containing solution was extracted with methanol and analyzed gravimetrically and by GC-MS to determine the contents of un-puffed devices. The aerosolized emissions of ECs were collected on filter pads using our in-house puffing machine, the contents of the filters were extracted, and subsequently analyzed gravimetrically and by GC-MS. Five popular brands of disposable ECs were studied and showed varying emission efficiencies under our puffing regime that corresponded to differing levels of nicotine delivery. Our results also show that there are discrepancies between the nicotine concentrations reported on disposable EC packaging by manufacturers and our analytical results. Three refillable EC devices were also tested for nicotine delivery using a variety of machine puffing parameters. Our results revealed the puffing parameters (puff duration, puff volume, and puff flow rate) play roles in the nicotine delivery of re-fillable ECs. In whole, this work contributes toward developing reliable analytical methods that will hopefully work toward a better understanding of the health impact of relatively new ECs on consumers and also to those in the indoor air environment that may passively consume EC emissions."--Abstract.

E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General

E-Cigarette Use Among Youth and Young Adults: a Report of the Surgeon General
Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Publisher:
Total Pages: 293
Release: 2019-07-26
Genre:
ISBN: 9781082814914
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Tobacco use among youth and young adults in any form, including e-cigarettes, is not safe. In recent years, e-cigarette use by youth and young adults has increased at an alarming rate. E-cigarettes are now the most commonly used tobacco product among youth in the United States. This timely report highlights the rapidly changing patterns of e-cigarette use among youth and young adults, assesses what we know about the health effects of using these products, and describes strategies that tobacco companies use to recruit our nation's youth and young adults to try and continue using e-cigarettes. The report also outlines interventions that can be adopted to minimize the harm these products cause to our nation's youth.E-cigarettes are tobacco products that deliver nicotine. Nicotine is a highly addictive substance, and many of today's youth who are using e-cigarettes could become tomorrow's cigarette smokers. Nicotine exposure can also harm brain development in ways that may affect the health and mental health of our kids.E-cigarette use among youth and young adults is associated with the use of other tobacco products, including conventional cigarettes. Because most tobacco use is established during adolescence, actions to prevent our nation's young people from the potential of a lifetime of nicotine addiction are critical.E-cigarette companies appear to be using many of the advertising tactics the tobacco industry used to persuade a new generation of young people to use their products. Companies are promoting their products through television and radio advertisements that use celebrities, sexual content, and claims of independence to glamorize these addictive products and make them appealing to young people.