Ultrananocrystalline Diamond

Ultrananocrystalline Diamond
Author: Olga A. Shenderova
Publisher: William Andrew
Total Pages: 581
Release: 2012-12-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1437734669

Ultrananocrystalline Diamond: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications is a unique practical reference handbook. Written by the leading experts worldwide it introduces the science of UNCD for both the R&D community and applications developers using UNCD in a diverse range of applications from macro to nanodevices, such as energy-saving ultra-low friction and wear coatings for mechanical pump seals and tools, high-performance MEMS/NEMS-based systems (e.g. in telecommunications), the next generation of high-definition flat panel displays, in-vivo biomedical implants, and biosensors. This work brings together the basic science of nanoscale diamond structures, with detailed information on ultra-nanodiamond synthesis, properties, and applications. The book offers discussion on UNCD in its two forms, as a powder and as a chemical vapor deposited film. Also discussed are the superior mechanical, tribological, transport, electrochemical, and electron emission properties of UNCD for a wide range of applications including MEMS/ NEMS, surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, electrochemical sensors, coatings for field emission arrays, photonic and RF switching, biosensors, and neural prostheses, etc. - Ultrananocrystalline Diamond summarises the most recent developments in the nanodiamond field, and presents them in a way that will be useful to the R&D community in both academic and corporate sectors - Coverage of both nanodiamond particles and films make this a valuable resource for both the nanotechnology community and the field of thin films / vacuum deposition - Written by the world's leading experts in nanodiamond, this second edition builds on its predecessor's reputation as the most up-to-date resource in the field

Synthesis and Characterization of Diamond Thin Films by Microwave Plasma-enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPECVD)

Synthesis and Characterization of Diamond Thin Films by Microwave Plasma-enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPECVD)
Author: Shih-Feng Chou
Publisher:
Total Pages: 174
Release: 2005
Genre:
ISBN:

Diamond thin films are deposited on silicon wafers by MPECVD process with the presence of methane, argon, and hydrogen gases. The reaction chamber is designed with an internal microwave reaction cavity and a high-pressure pocket for improving deposition conditions. Scanning electron microscopy reveals tetrahedral and cauliflower-shaped crystals for polycrystalline diamond and nanocrystalline diamond films, respectively. Spectroscopy ellipsometer studies indicate that diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are deposited with a thickness of 700 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows C-H stretching in the range from 2800 cm -1 to 3000 cm -1 . Nanoindentation is performed on DLC films with an average hardness of 10.98 GPa and an average elastic modulus of 90.32 GPa. The effects of chamber pressure, microwave forward power, and gas mixture on the plasma chemistry are discussed. Substrate temperature has a significant influence on film growth rate, and substrate pretreatment can enhance the quality of diamond films.

Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond

Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond
Author: Dieter M. Gruen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 410
Release: 2006-03-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1402033222

We are pleased to present the Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop “Syntheses, Properties and Applications of Ultrananocrystalline Diamond” which was held June 7-10, 2004 in St. Petersburg, Russia. The main goal of the Workshop was to provide a forum for the intensive exchange of opinions between scientists from Russia and NATO countries in order to give additional impetus to the development of the science and applications of a new carbon nanostructure, called ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) composed of 2-5 nm crystallites. There are two forms of UNCD, dispersed particles and films. The two communities of researchers working on these two forms of UNCD have hitherto lacked a common forum in which to explore areas of scientific and technological overlap. As a consequence, the two fields have up to now developed independently of each other. The time had clearly come to remedy this situation in order to be able to take full advantage of the enormous potential for societal benefits to be derived from exploiting the synergistic relationships between UNCD dispersed particulates and UNCD films. The NATO sponsored ARW therefore occurred in a very timely manner and was successful in beginning the desired dialogue, a precondition for making progress toward the above stated goal. The discovery of UNCD completes a triadof nanostructured carbonswhich includes fullerenes and nanotubes.

Growth and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamond Films for Microelectronics and Microelectromechanical Systems

Growth and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Diamond Films for Microelectronics and Microelectromechanical Systems
Author: Sathyaharish Jeedigunta
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2008
Genre:
ISBN:

ABSTRACT: Diamond is widely known for its extraordinary properties, such as high thermal conductivity, energy bandgap and high material hardness and durability making it a very attractive material for microelectronic and mechanical applications. Synthetic diamonds produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods retain most of the properties of natural diamond. Within this class of material, nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) is being developed for microelectronic and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications. During this research, intrinsic and doped NCD films were grown by the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD) method using CH4/Ar/H2 gas mixture and CH4/Ar/N2 gas chemistries respectively. The first part of research focused on the growth and characterization of NCD films while the second part on the application of NCD as a structural material in MEMS device fabrication.

Ultrananocrystalline Diamond

Ultrananocrystalline Diamond
Author: Olga A. Shenderova
Publisher: Noyes Publications
Total Pages: 600
Release: 2006
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9780815515241

This unique, practical reference brings together the basic science of nanoscale carbon structures, particularly its diamond phase, with detailed information on nanodiamond synthesis, properties, and applications. Readers learn about the superior mechanical, tribological, transport, electrochemical, and electron emission properties of UNCD for a wide range of applications.

Two- and Three-dimensional Ultrananocrystalline Diamond (UNCD) Structures for a High Resolution Diamond-based MEMS Technology

Two- and Three-dimensional Ultrananocrystalline Diamond (UNCD) Structures for a High Resolution Diamond-based MEMS Technology
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 9
Release: 2000
Genre:
ISBN:

Silicon is currently the most commonly used material for the fabrication of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). However, silicon-based MEMS will not be suitable for long-endurance devices involving components rotating at high speed, where friction and wear need to be minimized, components such as 2-D cantilevers that may be subjected to very large flexural displacements, where stiction is a problem, or components that will be exposed to corrosive environments. The mechanical, thermal, chemical, and tribological properties of diamond make it an ideal material for the fabrication of long-endurance MEMS components. Cost-effective fabrication of these components could in principle be achieved by coating Si with diamond films and using conventional lithographic patterning methods in conjunction with e. g. sacrificial Ti or SiO2 layers. However, diamond coatings grown by conventional chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods exhibit a coarse-grained structure that prevents high-resolution patterning, or a fine-grained microstructure with a significant amount of intergranular non-diamond carbon. The authors demonstrate here the fabrication of 2-D and 3-D phase-pure ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) MEMS components by coating Si with UNCD films, coupled with lithographic patterning methods involving sacrificial release layers. UNCD films are grown by microwave plasma CVD using C60-Ar or CH4-Ar gas mixtures, which result in films that have 3--5 nm grain size, are 10--20 times smoother than conventionally grown diamond films, are extremely resistant to corrosive environments, and are predicted to have a brittle fracture strength similar to that of single crystal diamond.

Nanomechanical Resonant Structures in Nanocrystalline Diamond

Nanomechanical Resonant Structures in Nanocrystalline Diamond
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 4
Release: 2002
Genre:
ISBN:

We report the fabrication and the operation of nanomechanical resonant structures in nanocrystalline diamond. For this purpose, continuous diamond films as thin as 80 nm were grown using microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The lateral dimensions of the fabricated structures were as small as 50 nm and the measured mechanical resonant frequencies were up to 640 MHz. The mechanical quality factors were in the range of 2500 3000 at room temperature. The elastic properties of these films obtained via the resonant measurements indicate a Young's modulus close to that of single-crystal diamond.