This is the only work to provide a histori­cal account of Kant's theory of arith­metic, examining in detail the theories of both his predecessors and his successors. Until his death, Martin was the editor of Kant-Studien from 1954, of the gen­eral Kant index from 1964, of the Leibniz index from 1968, and coeditor of Leib­nizstudien from 1969. This background is used to its fullest as he strives to make clear the historical milieu in which Kant's mathematical contributions de­veloped. He uses Leibniz, Wolff, and oth­ers whose work was accomplished before Kant was born as well as Lambert, Men­delssohn, and others roughly contempo­rary with Kant; and when a point requires it, he refers to Gauss, Grassman, Frege, Russell, and Hilbert. In her translation Wubnig has ap­proached the original author with an abiding respect. She makes the transla­tion flow in English while preserving as far as possible the flavor of the original. She has added many bibliographical and biographical details to ease the following up of Martin's allusions and suggestions.