An Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure of the Turbulent Boundary Layer

An Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure of the Turbulent Boundary Layer
Author: Peter W. Runstadler
Publisher:
Total Pages: 326
Release: 1963
Genre: Boundary layer
ISBN:

A combination of visual and quantitative measurements is presented, providing a physical picture of the turbulent boundary layer flow structure on a flat plate. The flow structure is shown to consist of three zones, each zone has a one to one correspondence to the well known regions of the u+, y+ mean velocity profile. A wall layer region is shown to exist below y+ = 10. An apparently fully turbulent region exists corresponding to the logarithmic ''law of the wall'' and the ''buffer'' region. An intermittent zone appears to agree closely with the ''wake'' deviation region. An entirely new result of the investigation is the delineation of the structure of the wall layer region. This region is shown to contain a relatively regular structure of low and high velocity fluid streaks alternating in the span direction, together with the ejection of low momentum fluid into the outer flow. Correlations are given for the rate of ejection and the streak spacing. A qualitative description of other features of the wall layer region and the character of the remainder of the boundary layer flow structure is presented. (Author).

Bubbly Flows

Bubbly Flows
Author: Martin Sommerfeld
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642185401

The book summarises the outcom of a priority research programme: 'Analysis, Modelling and Computation of Multiphase Flows'. The results of 24 individual research projects are presented. The main objective of the research programme was to provide a better understanding of the physical basis for multiphase gas-liquid flows as they are found in numerous chemical and biochemical reactors. The research comprises steady and unsteady multiphase flows in three frequently found reactor configurations, namely bubble columns without interiors, airlift loop reactors, and aerated stirred vessels. For this purpose new and improved measurement techniques were developed. From the resulting knowledge and data, new and refined models for describing the underlying physical processes were developed, which were used for the establishment and improvement of analytic as well as numerical methods for predicting multiphase reactors. Thereby, the development, lay-out and scale-up of such processes should be possible on a more reliable basis.

An Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure of the Turbulent Boundary Layer

An Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure of the Turbulent Boundary Layer
Author: P. W. Runstadler
Publisher:
Total Pages: 346
Release: 1963
Genre: Boundary layer
ISBN:

A combination of visual and quantitative measurements is presented, providing a physical picture of the turbulent boundary layer flow structure on a flat plate. The flow structure is shown to consist of three zones, each zone has a one to one correspondence to the well known regions of the u+, y+ mean velocity profile. A wall layer region is shown to exist below y+ = 10. An apparently fully turbulent region exists corresponding to the logarithmic ''law of the wall'' and the ''buffer'' region. An intermittent zone appears to agree closely with the ''wake'' deviation region. An entirely new result of the investigation is the delineation of the structure of the wall layer region. This region is shown to contain a relatively regular structure of low and high velocity fluid streaks alternating in the span direction, together with the ejection of low momentum fluid into the outer flow. Correlations are given for the rate of ejection and the streak spacing. A qualitative description of other features of the wall layer region and the character of the remainder of the boundary layer flow structure is presented. (Author).

An Experimental Study of Solid Particle Motion in a Turbulent Liquid Pipe Flow

An Experimental Study of Solid Particle Motion in a Turbulent Liquid Pipe Flow
Author: James Bradley Young
Publisher:
Total Pages: 646
Release: 1989
Genre: Bulk solid flow
ISBN:

An experimental study of the motion of 100 micron diameter glass and stainless steel spheres in a fully developed turbulent liquid pipe flow was conducted. Furthermore, the liquid, water, was directed vertically downward through a 5.08 cm inside diameter plexiglas tube. One goal was to measure the turbulence properties of the particles in the r-$theta$ plane with a previously developed axial viewing photographic technique. Another goal was to determine the effects of the inherent inhomogeneities of turbulent pipe flow on the results. Several particle turbulence properties were measured. Radial direction Lagrangian and Eulerian particle diffusion coefficients were obtained at Reynolds numbers (based on bulk velocity and pipe diameter) ranging from 15,700 to 141,000. Radial and azimuthal direction particle turbulence intensity profiles for both particles were obtained at Re = 16,000 and 72,000. The technique also permitted the radial and azimuthal direction particle acceleration to be measured. A new phenomenon was discovered which is the result of the inhomogeneities of turbulent pipe flow. It was found that under certain conditions, the particles that diffuse to the pipe wall may get temporarily or permanently trapped there. They get trapped in a patterned manner as well. Inhomogeneities were also found to affect the measured radial direction particle concentration and average velocity profiles, but only under certain conditions.

Bubble Dynamics and Interface Phenomena

Bubble Dynamics and Interface Phenomena
Author: John R. Blake
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 485
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401109389

This volume contains papers presented at the IUTAM Symposium on Bubble Dynamics and Interface Phenomena held at the University of Birmingham from 6-9 September 1993. In many respects it follows on a decade later from the very successful IUTAM Symposium held at CALTECH in June 1981 on the Mechanics and physics of bubbles in liquids which was organised by the late Milton Plesset and Leen van Wijngaarden. The intervening period has seen major development with both experiment and theory. On the experimental side there have been ad vances with very high speed photography and data recording that provide detailed information on fluid and interface motion. Major developments in both computer hardware and software have also led to extensive improvement in our understand ing of bubble and interface dynamics although development is still limited by the sheer complexity of the laminar and turbulent flow regimes often associated with bubbly flows. The symposium attracts wide and extensive interest from engineers, physical, chemical, biological and medical scientists and applied mathematicians. The sci entific committee sought to achieve a balance between theory and experiment over a range of fields in bubble dynamics and interface phenomena. It was our intention to emphasise both the breadth and recent developments in these various fields and to encourage cross-fertilisation of ideas on both experimental techniques and theo retical developments. The programme, and the proceedings recorded herein, cover bubble dynamics, sound and wave propagation, bubbles in flow, sonoluminescence, acoustic cavitation, underwater explosions, bursting bubbles and ESWL.

Bubble Wake Dynamics in Liquids and Liquid-Solid Suspensions

Bubble Wake Dynamics in Liquids and Liquid-Solid Suspensions
Author: Liang-Shih Fan
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Total Pages: 380
Release: 2013-10-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1483289508

This book is devoted to a fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamic nature of a bubble wake, more specifically the primary wake, in liquids and liquid-solid suspensions, an dto the role it plays in various important flow phenomena of multiphase systems. Examples of these phenomena are liquid/solids mixing, bubble coalescence and disintergration, particle entrainment to the freeboard, and bed contraction.