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| Author | : PAUL R. VIOTTI |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 296 |
| Release | : 2020-03-25 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781621965015 |
This book seeks explanation for the making and implementation of American foreign policy-the decisions and actions the United States takes vis-à-vis state and non-state actors abroad. The latter includes international (IOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), other groups and, in some cases, powerful individuals.
| Author | : Richard K. Betts |
| Publisher | : Columbia University Press |
| Total Pages | : 385 |
| Release | : 2011-12-06 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 023152188X |
While American national security policy has grown more interventionist since the Cold War, Washington has also hoped to shape the world on the cheap. Misled by the stunning success against Iraq in 1991, administrations of both parties have pursued ambitious aims with limited force, committing the country's military frequently yet often hesitantly, with inconsistent justification. These ventures have produced strategic confusion, unplanned entanglements, and indecisive results. This collection of essays by Richard K. Betts, a leading international politics scholar, investigates the use of American force since the end of the Cold War, suggesting guidelines for making it more selective and successful. Betts brings his extensive knowledge of twentieth century American diplomatic and military history to bear on the full range of theory and practice in national security, surveying the Cold War roots of recent initiatives and arguing that U.S. policy has always been more unilateral than liberal theorists claim. He exposes mistakes made by humanitarian interventions and peace operations; reviews the issues raised by terrorism and the use of modern nuclear, biological, and cyber weapons; evaluates the case for preventive war, which almost always proves wrong; weighs the lessons learned from campaigns in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Vietnam; assesses the rise of China and the resurgence of Russia; quells concerns about civil-military relations; exposes anomalies within recent defense budgets; and confronts the practical barriers to effective strategy. Betts ultimately argues for greater caution and restraint, while encouraging more decisive action when force is required, and he recommends a more dispassionate assessment of national security interests, even in the face of global instability and unfamiliar threats.
| Author | : Ralph Carter |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
| Total Pages | : 413 |
| Release | : 2021-03-12 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1538141426 |
This engaging case study approach brings together a diverse set of contributors to help students question motives, consider alternatives, and analyze outcomes in many of the most controversial foreign policy issues now confronting the United States. Many actors―from the president and members of Congress to interest groups, NGOs, and the media―compete to shape U.S. foreign policy. While previous editions of this popular text focused more on national security issues in the wake of 9/11 and the War on Terror, the 13 case studies in this edition deal with a wide range of policy areas: national security, homeland security, diplomacy, trade, immigration, epidemics, climate change, and Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election. Many reflect how the demarcation between foreign and domestic policy has become even more blurred and polarization has come to plays a significantly increased role in American foreign policy.
| Author | : Michael J. Hogan |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 386 |
| Release | : 2004-01-19 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9780521540353 |
Originally published in 1991, Explaining the History of American Foreign Relations has become an indispensable volume not only for teachers and students in international history and political science, but also for general readers seeking an introduction to American diplomatic history. This collection of essays highlights a variety of newer, innovative, and stimulating conceptual approaches and analytical methods used to study the history of American foreign relations, including bureaucratic, dependency, and world systems theories, corporatist and national security models, psychology, culture, and ideology. Along with substantially revised essays from the first edition, this volume presents entirely new material on postcolonial theory, borderlands history, modernization theory, gender, race, memory, cultural transfer, and critical theory. The book seeks to define the study of American international history, stimulate research in fresh directions, and encourage cross-disciplinary thinking, especially between diplomatic history and other fields of American history, in an increasingly transnational, globalizing world.
| Author | : Paul Viotti |
| Publisher | : Polity |
| Total Pages | : 273 |
| Release | : 2010-04-19 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0745642411 |
As the world’s only superpower, America’s foreign policy inevitably has a major impact Ð be it positive or negative - on contemporary international affairs. Since the terrorist attacks of 9/11, George W. Bush’s decision to move away from multilateral decision-making toward a more aggressive, pre-emptive style of foreign policy attracted widespread debate, and criticism, throughout the world. Reversing direction, the Barack Obama presidency is placing greater emphasis on constructive or peaceful engagement within multilateral frameworks, relying on special envoys to deal with some of the thorniest problems. In this book, Paul Viotti explores American foreign policy from the founding of the republic in the late 18th Century to the present day. Part 1 examines the broad policy options available to the US government: namely, peaceful engagement, containment through deterrence or coercive diplomacy, and armed intervention. Part 2 looks at the American experience in foreign policy. By exploring early precedents and elite practices, the moralism of American exceptionalism as well as the roots of an expansionist American foreign policy, the discussion draws out the continuities running from the 18th century to the present. Part 3 concludes with an analysis of the politics of interest on the Potomac with analysis of the interplay of contending policy elites, factions and parties influencing foreign policy making today. Assessing alternatives, the author concludes that even though containment and armed intervention will remain part of the way the United States conducts its foreign policy, diplomatic engagement options are the most promising course of action for the coming decades.
| Author | : United States. Department of State |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 772 |
| Release | : 1990 |
| Genre | : National security |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Melvyn P. Leffler |
| Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
| Total Pages | : 360 |
| Release | : 2017-08-02 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0691172587 |
Safeguarding Democratic Capitalism gathers together decades of writing by Melvyn Leffler, one of the most respected historians of American foreign policy, to address important questions about U.S. national security policy from the end of World War I to the global war on terror. Why did the United States withdraw strategically from Europe after World War I and not after World War II? How did World War II reshape Americans’ understanding of their vital interests? What caused the United States to achieve victory in the long Cold War? To what extent did 9/11 transform U.S. national security policy? Is budgetary austerity a fundamental threat to U.S. national interests? Leffler’s wide-ranging essays explain how foreign policy evolved into national security policy. He stresses the competing priorities that forced policymakers to make agonizing trade-offs and illuminates the travails of the policymaking process itself. While assessing the course of U.S. national security policy, he also interrogates the evolution of his own scholarship. Over time, slowly and almost unconsciously, Leffler’s work has married elements of revisionism with realism to form a unique synthesis that uses threat perception as a lens to understand how and why policymakers reconcile the pressures emanating from external dangers and internal priorities. An account of the development of U.S. national security policy by one of its most influential thinkers, Safeguarding Democratic Capitalism includes a substantial new introduction from the author.
| Author | : Vincent Boucher |
| Publisher | : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP |
| Total Pages | : 426 |
| Release | : 2020-11-12 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0228004284 |
Since the advent of the contemporary US national security apparatus in 1947, entrepreneurial public officials have tried to reorient the course of the nation's foreign policy. Acting inside the National Security Council system, some principals and high-ranking officials have worked tirelessly to generate policy change and innovation on the issues they care about. These entrepreneurs attempt to set the foreign policy agenda, frame policy problems and solutions, and orient the decision-making process to convince the president and other decision makers to choose the course they advocate. In National Security Entrepreneurs and the Making of American Foreign Policy Vincent Boucher, Charles-Philippe David, and Karine Prémont develop a new concept to study entrepreneurial behaviour among foreign policy advisers and offer the first comprehensive framework of analysis to answer this crucial question: why do some entrepreneurs succeed in guaranteeing the adoption of novel policies while others fail? They explore case studies of attempts to reorient US foreign policy waged by National Security Council entrepreneurs, examining the key factors enabling success and the main forces preventing the adoption of a preferred option: the entrepreneur's profile, presidential leadership, major players involved in the policy formulation and decision-making processes, the national political context, and the presence or absence of significant opportunities. By carefully analyzing significant diplomatic and military decisions of the Johnson, Nixon, Reagan, and Clinton administrations, and offering a preliminary account of contemporary national security entrepreneurship under presidents George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and Donald Trump, this book makes the case for an agent-based explanation of foreign policy change and continuity.
| Author | : Lamont Colucci |
| Publisher | : Praeger |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2012-08-08 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0313392285 |
The fundamental driver of American national security and U.S. foreign policy are the undercurrents of American grand strategy represented by presidential national security doctrines. There has been a dearth of work on all of the doctrines of the American presidency and, worse yet, an incomplete understanding of how these doctrines continue to shape policy. Further, recognition of this need for both doctrine and grand strategy can assist the United States in guiding the nation through the coming storms and tribulations. We are witness to the second presidential campaign in a row where issues of national security are rarely mentioned, with no mention of grand strategy at all. There is an economic recession, which has inclined the American electorate toward inward thinking, and they have grown fearful or resentful of what some in the media call foreign adventures. There is also naturally war weariness, primarily caused by a lack of grand strategy implementation that has prolonged conflicts that should have been resolved earlier. Iraq and Afghanistan's battlefield environment could have been long over had the United States fully utilized the historic grand strategy themes outlined in this work. The main job of the president is not jobs, or education, or social security -- it is, was, and always will be, national security.
| Author | : Richard N Haass |
| Publisher | : Basic Books |
| Total Pages | : 225 |
| Release | : 2014-04-08 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0465038646 |
"A concise, comprehensive guide to America's critical policy choices at home and overseas . . . without a partisan agenda, but with a passion for solutions designed to restore our country's strength and enable us to lead." -- Madeleine K. Albright A rising China, climate change, terrorism, a nuclear Iran, a turbulent Middle East, and a reckless North Korea all present serious challenges to America's national security. But it depends even more on the United States addressing its burgeoning deficit and debt, crumbling infrastructure, second class schools, and outdated immigration system. While there is currently no great rival power threatening America directly, how long this strategic respite lasts, according to Council on Foreign Relations President Richard N. Haass, will depend largely on whether the United States puts its own house in order. Haass lays out a compelling vision for restoring America's power, influence, and ability to lead the world and advocates for a new foreign policy of Restoration that would require the US to limit its involvement in both wars of choice, and humanitarian interventions. Offering essential insight into our world of continual unrest, this new edition addresses the major foreign and domestic debates since hardcover publication, including US intervention in Syria, the balance between individual privacy and collective security, and the continuing impact of the sequester.
