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Shifting Frontiers of Theobroma Cacao
| Author | : Samuel Ohikhena Agele |
| Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
| Total Pages | : 218 |
| Release | : 2024-01-24 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1837683190 |
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a sacred tree and noble resource from South America. The Mayans and other early civilizations in Central America used cacao beans as tokens, which were subsequently transported to Europe to nurture monarchies and elites. Based on the discovery of cacao’s commercial potential and attributes, new cocoa plantations were established in other parts of the world, including Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean. Thus, cocoa has become an important cash crop in Africa, Central and South America, and Asia, where it is a major foreign exchange earner, industrial raw material, support for livelihood, and ecosystem services provision. Based on its global importance, there has been an increased need for the expansion of cultivation to meet the rising demand for cacao beans. Global environmental change, including climate change, variability, and weather extremes, has established new environmental boundaries with implications for area suitability for cocoa production and sustainability. Efforts to unlock the potentials of the established environmental boundaries may be built on the development and adoption of agrotechnological practices and integration of climate resilience for harnessing opportunities and potentials of the new environment, and thus, extension of the frontiers of cacao cultivation to meet the increasing global demand for cocoa beans. This book, “Shifting Frontiers of Theobroma Cacao - Opportunities and Challenges for Production” presents a comprehensive perspective of the interactions of changing environmental conditions, cocoa production, and sustainability. The book illuminates the challenges climate change presents for cocoa production and sustainability. It provides insights into the need for cocoa actors within the cocoa sector to strengthen climate mitigation and resilience building and to come to grips with the realities, magnitude, and inevitable persistence of climate challenges to cocoa production and sustainability.
Amazonia
| Author | : Nigel J. H. Smith |
| Publisher | : United Nations University Press |
| Total Pages | : 272 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9789280809060 |
Amazonia under siege; Environmental threats; Forces of change and societal responses; Forest conservation and management; Silviculture and plantation crops; Agro-forestry and perennial cropping systems; Ranching problems and potential on the uplands; Land-use dynamics on the Amazon flood plain; Trends and opportunities.
Environment Management
| Author | : Arvind Kumar |
| Publisher | : APH Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 444 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Environmental management |
| ISBN | : 9788176487641 |
Provides A Scientific Appraisal Of Facts Relating To Environmental Issues So As To Inculcate The Management Strategies Regarding Eco-Degradations. Divided Into 63 Chapters To Present The Sectrum Of Environmental Thereat In Concise Forms. Useful For Academics, Technocrates, Politicians, Researchers And Post Graduate Students.
Research Articles
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE |
| Total Pages | : 868 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Aboriginal reconciliation -- Addictions -- Allergies -- Archeology --Alternative fuel for cars --Atomic bomb -- Australian animals -- Australian cultural icons -- Ballet -- Beetles -- Brand power -- Climbing mountains -- Computer animation-- Computer dating-- Convicts in exile -- Captain Cook's voyages-- Dairy production-- Dangerous predators-- Dogs -- Dumbing-down of society-- Ecological footprint -- Euthanasia-- Fast food-- Gambling-- Gay cowboy-- Genetic engineering -- Germs, viruses, epidemics --Global warming-- Hijab-- Horses-- Insomnia cure --Internet-- John Pilger-- Life savers-- Love-- Lunar and social eclipses-- Monster makers-- Nanotechnology -- National treasures -- Pirates -- Pope John Paul II -- Qantas 85th Anniversary -- Re-cycling -- Science fiction -- Space travel -- Sharks -- Sheep farming -- Spam -- Sun -- Text messaging -- Tunnels -- Venomous creatures -- Water -- Whaling -- Wizardry -- Women at war -- Seven wonders of the world -- World War 2.
Cacao Diseases
| Author | : Bryan A. Bailey |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 630 |
| Release | : 2016-02-22 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319247891 |
This book reviews the current state of knowledge concerning cacao pathogens and methods for their management. Topics discussed include the history, biology and genetic diversity of Moniliophthora species (which cause witches’ broom and frosty pod rot) and Phytophthora species (which cause black pod rot) that cause diseases resulting in major losses to cacao production. Emerging pathogens such as Cacao swollen shoot virus and Ceratobasidium theobromae (which causes vascular streak dieback) are also discussed in detail, along with many pathogens of significant local concern. Most of these pathogens represent major risks to global cacao production should they expand into new areas, breaking out of their current limited distributions. By considering cacao diseases as a group, similarities in the available tools and techniques used in their management become apparent, as do their limitations. Gaps in our current knowledge of cacao pathogens and the management of the diseases they cause are detailed, and suggestions for future research directions are provided. This insight allows readers to consider cacao disease threats from a more comprehensive, global perspective and paves the way for an improved synergy of efforts between the various research programs, agencies, and industries, both private and public, with vested interests in cacao production, and cacao farmers.
The Atlantic Forest
| Author | : Marcia C. M. Marques |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 527 |
| Release | : 2021-01-13 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030553221 |
The Atlantic Forest is one of the 36 hotspots for biodiversity conservation worldwide. It is a unique, large biome (more than 3000 km in latitude; 2500 in longitude), marked by high biodiversity, high degree of endemic species and, at the same time, extremely threatened. Approximately 70% of the Brazilian population lives in the area of this biome, which makes the conflict between biodiversity conservation and the sustainability of the human population a relevant issue. This book aims to cover: 1) the historical characterization and geographic variation of the biome; 2) the distribution of the diversity of some relevant taxa; 3) the main threats to biodiversity, and 4) possible opportunities to ensure the biodiversity conservation, and the economic and social sustainability. Also, it is hoped that this book can be useful for those involved in the development of public policies aimed at the conservation of this important global biome.
Genomic Designing for Biotic Stress Resistant Technical Crops
| Author | : Chittaranjan Kole |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 635 |
| Release | : 2022-10-18 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3031092937 |
Biotic stresses cause yield loss of 31-42% in crops in addition to 6-20% during post-harvest stage. Understanding interaction of crop plants to the biotic stresses caused by insects, bacteria, fungi, viruses, and oomycetes, etc. is important to develop resistant crop varieties. Knowledge on the advanced genetic and genomic crop improvement strategies including molecular breeding, transgenics, genomic-assisted breeding and the recently emerging genome editing for developing resistant varieties in technical crops is imperative for addressing FHEE (food, health, energy and environment) security. Whole genome sequencing of these crops followed by genotyping-by-sequencing have facilitated precise information about the genes conferring resistance useful for gene discovery, allele mining and shuttle breeding which in turn opened up the scope for 'designing' crop genomes with resistance to biotic stresses. The 15 chapters dedicated to 13 technical crops and 2 technical crop groups in this volume will deliberate on different types of biotic stress agents and their effects on and interaction with crop plants; will enumerate on the available genetic diversity with regard to biotic stress resistance among available cultivars; illuminate on the potential gene pools for utilization in interspecific gene transfer; will brief on the classical genetics of stress resistance and traditional breeding for transferring them to their cultivated counterparts; will enunciate the success stories of genetic engineering for developing biotic stress resistant varieties; will discuss on molecular mapping of genes and QTLs underlying biotic stress resistance and their marker-assisted introgression into elite varieties; will enunciate on different emerging genomics-aided techniques including genomic selection, allele mining, gene discovery and gene pyramiding for developing resistant crop varieties with higher quantity and quality; and will also elaborate some case studies on genome editing focusing on specific genes for generating disease and insect resistant crops.
Biological Control
| Author | : Charles Vincent |
| Publisher | : CABI |
| Total Pages | : 466 |
| Release | : 2007-01-01 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 184593265X |
This book contains 45 chapters divided into four sections, i.e. classical biocontrol programmes, inundative (or augmentative) biocontrol programmes (using nematodes, bacteria, fungi and viruses), conservation biocontrol programmes and networking in biocontrol. It describes the personal experiences of scientists from the initial search for suitable control agents against weeds and pests, to the release of these biological control agents into ecosystems and finally to the beneficial outcomes demonstrating the success of biological control across diverse agroecosystems. This book is intended for researchers and students interested in crop science, pest management, biotechnology, ecology and policy analysis.
Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 721 |
| Release | : 1993-02-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0309047498 |
Rainforests are rapidly being cleared in the humid tropics to keep pace with food demands, economic needs, and population growth. Without proper management, these forests and other natural resources will be seriously depleted within the next 50 years. Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics provides critically needed direction for developing strategies that both mitigate land degradation, deforestation, and biological resource losses and help the economic status of tropical countries through promotion of sustainable agricultural practices. The book includes: A practical discussion of 12 major land use options for boosting food production and enhancing local economies while protecting the natural resource base. Recommendations for developing technologies needed for sustainable agriculture. A strategy for changing policies that discourage conserving and managing natural resources and biodiversity. Detailed reports on agriculture and deforestation in seven tropical countries.
