Ageing of Rubber

Ageing of Rubber
Author: Roger P. Brown
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
Total Pages: 218
Release: 2001
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781859572740

Annotation This report details the results of accelerated heat ageing studies undertaken on re-mixed samples of those materials studied for the natural ageing study and on the 20 new compounds chosen to represent polymers not available in 1958 and to reflect changes in compounding practice. In addition to those properties studied for the artificial weathering exposures compression set and dynamic properties were also measured.

Natural Ageing of Rubber

Natural Ageing of Rubber
Author: Roger P. Brown
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
Total Pages: 178
Release: 2000
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781859572092

A unique collection of long term ageing data, available for the first time, from Rapra Technology Limited. This report is an output from the Weathering of Elastomers and Sealants project which forms part of the UK government's Department of Trade and Industry's Degradation of Materials in Aggressive Environments Programme. Rapra Technology Limited has just completed a comprehensive natural ageing and physical testing programme on 19 rubber compounds, stored in controlled conditions, for a period of 40 years. This is believed to be the most extensive such study ever carried out. Now, for the first time, all the results of this unique programme have been published in this report. The properties of natural and synthetic rubbers suit them to a diverse range of applications, many of which demand a prolonged service life, and the retention of some or all of their mechanical properties for years or even decades. When the ageing programme was conceived in the 1950s, rubber product manufacturers were faced with a wider range of raw rubbers than had ever been available before. The relatively recent development of some of these materials also meant that there was little information available regarding their longevity. Thus the need was identified for a systematic programme of storage and testing. Rubber formulations were selected to represent those used in a wide range of applications, including general purpose and 'good ageing' grades. The results of all these tests are presented graphically in this report, allowing the rate of deterioration of properties and the influence of the environment to be clearly seen. Properties after 40 years are also tabulated, together with calculationsof percentage change. This information wi

Long-Term and Accelerated Ageing Tests on Rubbers

Long-Term and Accelerated Ageing Tests on Rubbers
Author: Roger P. Brown
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
Total Pages: 90
Release: 2000
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9781859571859

The properties of rubbers are subject to change as a result of ageing, ultimately to the point where the material is no longer capable of fulfilling its function. After a brief introduction to the main environmental and mechanical factors affecting performance, this review focuses on the thermo-oxidative ageing of rubber. It considers the methods of, and the published results from, both natural and accelerated tests. A major section of the report is devoted to exposure and test techniques with discussion of the methods of physical and chemical analysis. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database gives useful references for further reading.

Accelerated Aging

Accelerated Aging
Author: Robert L. Feller
Publisher: Getty Publications
Total Pages: 292
Release: 1995-03-02
Genre: Art
ISBN: 0892361255

Accelerated Aging: Photochemical and Thermal Aspects represents the culmination of more than 40 years of research by noted scientist Robert L. Feller. The book focuses on the long-term performance of materials such as wool, dyes, and organic compounds; their resistance to change when exposed to environmental factors such as oxygen, ozone, moisture, heat, and light; and their physical durability with handling and use over time. Processes of deterioration are discussed based on speeded-up laboratory studies designed to clarify the chemical reactions involved and their physical consequences.

Ageing of Composites

Ageing of Composites
Author: Rod Martin
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 543
Release: 2008-08-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1845694937

Ageing of composites is a highly topical subject given the increasing use of composites in structural applications in many industries. Ageing of composites addresses many of the uncertainties about the long-term performance of composites and how they age under conditions encountered in service.The first part of the book reviews processes and modelling of composite ageing including physical and chemical ageing of polymeric composites, ageing of glass-ceramic matrix composites, chemical ageing mechanisms, stress corrosion cracking, thermo-oxidative ageing, spectroscopy of ageing composites, modelling physical and accelerated ageing and ageing of silicon carbide composites. Part two examines ageing of composites in transport applications including aircraft, vehicles and ships. Part three reviews ageing of composites in non-transport applications such as implants in medical devices, oil and gas refining, construction, chemical processing and underwater applications.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Ageing of composites is a valuable reference guide for composite manufacturers and developers. It also serves as a source of information for material scientists, designers and engineers in industries that use composites, including transport, chemical processing and medical engineering. - Addresses many of the uncertainties about the long-term performance of composites and how they age under conditions encountered in service - Reviews processes and modelling of composite ageing including chemical ageing mechanisms and stress corrosion cracking - Discusses ageing of composites in both transport and non-transport applications ranging from aircraft to implants in medical devices

Contact Mechanics in Tribology

Contact Mechanics in Tribology
Author: I.G. Goryacheva
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 356
Release: 2013-04-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9401590486

Tribology is the science of friction, lubrication and wear of moving components. Results obtained from tribology are used to reduce energy losses in friction pro cesses, to reduce material losses due to wear, and to increase the service life of components. Contact Mechanics plays an important role in Tribology. Contact Mechanics studies the stress and strain states of bodies in contact; it is contact that leads to friction interaction and wear. This book investigates a variety of contact problems: discrete contact of rough surfaces, the effect of imperfect elasticity and mechanical inhomogeneity of contacting bodies, models of friction and wear, changes in contact characteristics during the wear process, etc. The results presented in this book were obtained during my work at the Insti tute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The first steps of this research were carried out under the supervision of Professor L. A. Galin who taught me and showed me the beauty of scientific research and solutions. Some of the problems included in the book were investigated together with my col leagues Dr. M. N. Dobychin, Dr. O. G. Chekina, Dr. I. A. Soldatenkov, and Dr. E. V. Tor skaya from the Laboratory of Friction and Wear (IPM RAS) and Prof. F. Sadeghi from Purdue University (West Lafayette, USA). I would like to express my thanks to them. I am very grateful to Professor G. M. L.

Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design

Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design
Author: Jack A. Collins
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 690
Release: 1993-10-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9780471558910

Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design: Analysis, Prediction, Prevention, 2nd Edition, covers the basic principles of failure of metallic and non-metallic materials in mechanical design applications. Updated to include new developments on fracture mechanics, including both linear-elastic and elastic-plastic mechanics. Contains new material on strain and crack development and behavior. Emphasizes the potential for mechanical failure brought about by the stresses, strains and energy transfers in machine parts that result from the forces, deflections and energy inputs applied.

Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 862
Release: 2018-03-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0444640630

Handbook of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry: Recent Advances, Techniques and Applications, Volume Six, Second Edition, presents the latest in a series that has been well received by the thermal analysis and calorimetry community. This volume covers recent advances in techniques and applications that complement the earlier volumes. There has been tremendous progress in the field in recent years, and this book puts together the most high-impact topics selected for their popularity by new editors Sergey Vyazovkin, Nobuyoshi Koga and Christoph Schick—all editors of Thermochimica Acta. Among the important new techniques covered are biomass conversion; sustainable polymers; polymer nanocompsoties; nonmetallic glasses; phase change materials; propellants and explosives; applications to pharmaceuticals; processes in ceramics, metals, and alloys; ionic liquids; fast-scanning calorimetry, and more. - Features 19 all-new chapters to bring readers up to date on the current status of the field - Provides a broad overview of recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications - Includes chapters authored by a recognized leader in each field and compiled by a new team of editors, each with at least 20 years of experience in the field of thermal analysis and calorimetry - Enables applications across a wide range of modern materials, including polymers, metals, alloys, ceramics, energetics and pharmaceutics - Overviews the current status of the field and summarizes recent progress in the most popular techniques and applications

Constitutive Models for Rubber XI

Constitutive Models for Rubber XI
Author: Bertrand Huneau
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 1387
Release: 2019-06-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1000639177

Constitutive Models for Rubber XI is a comprehensive compilation of both the oral and poster contributions to the European Conference on Constitutive Models for Rubber. This 11th edition, held in Nantes (France) 25-27th June 2019, is the occasion to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the ECCMR series. Around 100 contributions reflect the state-of-the-art in the mechanics of elastomers. They cover the fields of: Material testing Constitutive modelling and finite element implementation Micromechanical aspects, and Durability (failure, fatigue and ageing) Constitutive Models for Rubber XI is of interest for developers and researchers involved in the rubber processing and CAE software industries, as well as for academics in nearly all disciplines of elastomer mechanics and technology.

Rubber as a Construction Material for Corrosion Protection

Rubber as a Construction Material for Corrosion Protection
Author: V. C. Chandrasekaran
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 249
Release: 2010-12-13
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118029305

First book on rubber used as a construction material dedicated to the chemical process industry Despite the long history of rubber as a construction material, this book is a unique publication as it comprehensively looks at the material with respect to the anti-corrosion requirements of the multitude of industries where rubber is used, both on land and offshore. This guide documents how rubber reliably meets the threats of corrosion and contributes to the longevity of the equipment. Chapters on ebonite, natural, and synthetic rubbers, examine their relevant properties and chemical resistance. The book details the practical aspects and handling of rubber lined equipment: thin-walled structures, vacuum vessels, ducts, large diameter tanks, agitators, and fully lined pipes (both inside and outside). Molded and fabricated products of ebonite and soft rubber as well as hand-made rubber products are shown along with vulcanization technology, testing and inspections, measurements and standards. Several case studies are included demonstrating the preferential choice of rubber as a construction material as well as practical applications and techniques of its usage in the chlor-alkali, fertilizer, mineral processing and other core chemical processing industries, which are the largest consumers of rubber as a material of construction. The volume ends with a section on aging and prediction of service life. Rubber as a Construction Material for Corrosion Protection will be used by chemical engineers, rubber technologists, students, research workers worldwide in the rubber industry and process industries such as fertilizer, mining and ore, oil & gas, paper and pulp, steel plants, as well as people engaged in corrosion protection. The book will also be very useful to the construction industry.