Adoption Process and Impacts of Information and Communication Technologies in Small and Medium Size Enterprises in Central Asia: Evidences from Uzbekistan

Adoption Process and Impacts of Information and Communication Technologies in Small and Medium Size Enterprises in Central Asia: Evidences from Uzbekistan
Author: Nurullo Makhmudov
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2004-04-22
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 3736910673

Artificial Neural Networks (NNs) possess a great potential for automatic classification: they can be trained to classify successfully noisy, incomplete, or inconsistent data. However, an automation degree of existing NNs is relatively low because of several limitations. Usually, NNs require manual configuration: a large number of tuning parameters and the need for choosing an appropriate network topology lead to lengthy experimental cycles performed to find the best settings for a certain classification task. Additionally, many NNs need retraining in respect to changing input data and therefore cannot learn automatically in non-stationary environments. Another disadvantage of NNs is their «black-box» nature: they are not suitable for verification or interpretation by humans. A low degree of automation prevents employment of NNs in many practical applications when the users cannot be involved in the training and classification processes. Therefore the initial goal of the presented research was to develop a neural classifier that would be well-suited for automation. Für die Verwendung von künstlichen neuronalen Netzen als automatischen Klassifikatoren sprechen ihre Lernfähigkeit, Modellfreiheit und Nichtlinearität der Datenapproximation. Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil ist ihre Fähigkeit zur Verarbeitung unvollständiger, verrauschter oder inkonsistenter Information. Trotzdem beeinträchtigen drei wichtige Faktoren die Automatisierbarkeit neuronaler Algorithmen: die Konfiguration eines Netzes benötigt oft entweder viel Fachwissen und Erfahrung oder eine Phase zeitaufwändiger Parameteroptimierung; die neuronale Klassifikatoren zeigen ein sogenanntes «Black-Box»-Verhalten, d.h. das angelernte Wissen ist nicht interpretierbar. Außerdem sind nur wenige Algorithmen so stabil, dass sie in der Lage sind, in nicht stationären Anwendungen zu lernen.

Digital Skills for Private Sector Competitiveness in Uzbekistan

Digital Skills for Private Sector Competitiveness in Uzbekistan
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 77
Release: 2023-05-17
Genre:
ISBN: 9264351019

Since 2019, digital transformation has been a clear policy priority in Uzbekistan. While the country has made significant progress in terms of Internet access, quality and affordability, digital uptake among firms remains low. This lack of digital skills seems to be a limiting factor affecting the digital transformation of business.

Global Trends 2040

Global Trends 2040
Author: National Intelligence Council
Publisher: Cosimo Reports
Total Pages: 158
Release: 2021-03
Genre:
ISBN: 9781646794973

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

2006 Information and Communications for Development

2006 Information and Communications for Development
Author:
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 332
Release: 2006-01-01
Genre: Business
ISBN: 0821363476

"""The report is essential reading for policy makers, government workers, and academics pursuing the goal of equitable, sustainable development across the world."" - N. R. Narayana Murthy, Chairman and Chief Mentor Infosys Technologies Ltd. Information and communication technology (ICT) is rapidly evolving, changing rich and poor societies alike. It has become a powerful tool for participating in the global economy and for offering new opportunities for development efforts. ICT can and should advance economic growth and reduce poverty in developing countries. It has been 20 years since the first telephone operator was privatized, a little over 10 since the World Wide Web emerged, and 5 since the telecommunications bubble burst. How have the ICT sector and its role in development evolved? What have we learned? How can we move forward? Information and Communications for Development 2006: Global Trends and Policies contains lessons from both developed and developing countries. It examines the roles of the public and private sectors, identifying the challenges and the benefits of adopting and expanding ICT use. The report assesses topics essential to building an information society, including investment, access, diffusion, and country policies and strategies. Assessing what has worked, what hasn't, and why, this report is an invaluable guide for understanding how to capture the benefits of ICT around the world."

Doing Business 2020

Doing Business 2020
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 254
Release: 2019-11-21
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1464814414

Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.

Enhancing Competitiveness in Central Asia

Enhancing Competitiveness in Central Asia
Author: OECD.
Publisher: Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2018
Genre: Asia, Central
ISBN: 9789264288126

- Foreword - Acronyms and abbreviations - Executive summary - A regional agenda for economic diversification in Central Asia - Business environment in Central Asia: Access to finance - Business environment in Central Asia: Firms' internationalisation - Business environment in Central Asia: Skills - Country factsheets - Details of country projects

State-Owned Enterprises in Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia: Size, Costs, and Challenges

State-Owned Enterprises in Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia: Size, Costs, and Challenges
Author: Mr. Ernesto Ramirez Rigo
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 153
Release: 2021-09-20
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513594087

Prior to the COVID-19 shock, the key challenge facing policymakers in the Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia region was how to generate strong, sustainable, job-rich, inclusive growth. Post-COVID-19, this challenge has only grown given the additional reduction in fiscal space due to the crisis and the increased need to support the recovery. The sizable state-owned enterprise (SOE) footprint in the region, together with its cost to the government, call for revisiting the SOE sector to help open fiscal space and look for growth opportunities.

Uzbekistan Quality Job Creation as a Cornerstone for Sustainable Economic Growth

Uzbekistan Quality Job Creation as a Cornerstone for Sustainable Economic Growth
Author: Kym Anderson
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Total Pages: 217
Release: 2020-06-01
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9292621955

Uzbekistan has achieved sustained growth through its gradual transition to a market-based economy through cautious economic policy reforms. Despite its gradual approach to development challenges, the country experienced the smallest output decline among former Soviet economies and enjoyed high rates of economic growth from 2004 to 2015, largely driven by the high prices of its major export commodities. However, the drop in the global prices of many key commodities in recent years have severely impacted Uzbekistan's economy. Under these circumstances, the new government introduced major reforms. The pace of reform is unprecedented. The government has formulated its long-term economic strategy in its Vision 2030, which aims to double the country's gross domestic product by 2030 through a program of economic diversification. This book analyzes how Uzbekistan can boost sustainable economic growth to create more and better jobs. It considers how the country can consolidate achievements from recent policy reforms and maintain reform efforts to accelerate sustainable growth. Policy recommendations cover fostering macroeconomic stability, increasing investment in physical infrastructure, enhancing human capital, improving firms' access to finance, and lowering barriers to international trade and foreign investment inflows.