Adaptive Localization And Tracking Of Objects In A Sensor Network
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| Author | : Adrian López Rodríguez |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
[ANGLÈS] Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used to monitor physical or environmental conditions, and to pass their data through the network to a central location. These networks have applications in diverse areas including environmental, health monitoring, home automation or military. The devices that form the network have limited resources, such as power and computational capacity.\par This thesis focus on the localization and tracking problem, presenting a method that can be used with objects that emit a signature signal.\par The localization step is performed using a mixed-norm minimization to retrieve a sparse vector with a discrete set of locations, whereas the tracking step is performed updating the amplitudes and locations explicitly by using a gradient descent algorithm. None of these methods rely on having the full set of measurements. Therefore, the network architecture is developed having in mind that the methods only use a subset of the measurements, with the objective of reducing the energy consumption of the system, which is one of the main challenges in designing a WSN.\par Focusing on the localization step, clustering algorithms are studied in order to improve the accuracy of the estimates. Concerning the tracking step, feedback of the estimated positions from the FC to the network is added. The feedback is used to instruct the sensors to increase/decrease their sampling rate, and, when mobile, to adjust their position. The goal in doing so is to improve both the energy efficiency of the system and the accuracy of the tracking. Additionally, a method to monitor the error in the tracking parameters is introduced. This method is used to re-start the localization step when necessary.
| Author | : Mao, Guoqiang |
| Publisher | : IGI Global |
| Total Pages | : 526 |
| Release | : 2009-05-31 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1605663972 |
Wireless localization techniques are an area that has attracted interest from both industry and academia, with self-localization capability providing a highly desirable characteristic of wireless sensor networks. Localization Algorithms and Strategies for Wireless Sensor Networks encompasses the significant and fast growing area of wireless localization techniques. This book provides comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of topics and fundamental theories underpinning measurement techniques and localization algorithms. A useful compilation for academicians, researchers, and practitioners, this Premier Reference Source contains relevant references and the latest studies emerging out of the wireless sensor network field.
| Author | : Richard Fuller |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 275 |
| Release | : 2009-09-11 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 364204378X |
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the second International Workshop on Mobile Entity Localization and Tracking in GPS-less Environnments, MELT, held in Orlando, Florida, USA, in September 2009 in conjunction with the 11th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (Ubicomp 2009). MELT is a forum for the state-of-the-art technologies in mobile localization and tracking and novel applications of location-based services. The research contributions in these proceedings cover significant aspects of localization and tracking of mobile devices that include techniques suitable for smart phones and mobile sensor networks in both outdoor and indoor environments using diverse sensors and radio signals. Novel theoretical methods, algorithmic design and analysis, application development, and experimental studies are presented in 14 papers that were reviewed carefully by the program committee. In addition, three invited papers, with topics on location determination using RF systems, Cramer-Rao-Bound analysis for indoor localization and approaches targeting mobile sensor networks, are also included in the proceedings.
| Author | : Jaume Anguera-Peris |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been attracting attention over the past years owing to their capability to observe the environment, process the data, and make decisions. These features have gained importance in the context of object detection and localization, surveillance, and environmental monitoring. Specifically, there is an ongoing trend of solving these problems in a distributed manner, i.e., without the use of a central node controlling all the data generated and exchanged over the network. This project presents an algorithm for tracking multiple objects in a distributed manner using a wireless sensor network. In addition to the objects' locations, the strength of the field that they generate is considered as an unknown parameter to be estimated. The proposed algorithm is based on a diffusion cooperation scheme, which has been shown to provide good performance in distributed implementations. Our algorithm is based on explicit, non-linear tracking, and as such is not restricted to a pre-specified quantization grid in space. We allow for imperfect communication links, where information packets can be lost, and rely on an efficient adaptive combination strategy to improve robust- ness to node and link failures. Performance is analyzed in terms of the mean-squared error (MSE) as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), in situations with different number of objects moving across the field and different probability of packet loss.
| Author | : Habib M. Ammari |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 820 |
| Release | : 2019-09-18 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3319911465 |
This book discusses topics in mission-oriented sensor networks and systems research and practice, enabling readers to understand the major technical and application challenges of these networks, with respect to their architectures, protocols, algorithms, and application design. It also presents novel theoretical and practical ideas, which have led to the development of solid foundations for the design, analysis, and implementation of energy-efficient, reliable, and secure mission-oriented sensor network applications. Covering various topics, including sensor node architecture, sensor deployment, mobile coverage, mission assignment, detection, localization, tracking, data dissemination, data fusion, topology control, geometric routing, location privacy, secure communication, and cryptograph, it is a valuable resource for computer scientists, researchers, and practitioners in academia and industry.
| Author | : Cheng Chang |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 376 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Jinsong Han |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 66 |
| Release | : 2014-11-21 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3319126466 |
This SpringerBrief examines the use of cheap commercial passive RFID tags to achieve accurate device-free object-tracking. It presents a sensitive detector, named Twins, which uses a pair of adjacent passive tags to detect uncooperative targets (such as intruders). Twins leverages a newly observed phenomenon called critical state that is caused by interference among passive tags. The author expands on the previous object tracking methods, which are mostly device-based, and reveals a new interference model and their extensive experiments for validation. A prototype implementation of the Twins-based intrusion detection scheme with commercial off-the-shelf reader and tags is also covered in this SpringerBrief. Device-Free Object Tracking Using Passive Tags is designed for researchers and professionals interested in smart sensing, localization, RFID and Internet of Things applications. The content is also useful for advanced-level students studying electrical engineering and computer science.
| Author | : Bir Bhanu |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 476 |
| Release | : 2011-01-04 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 0857291270 |
Large-scale video networks are of increasing importance in a wide range of applications. However, the development of automated techniques for aggregating and interpreting information from multiple video streams in real-life scenarios is a challenging area of research. Collecting the work of leading researchers from a broad range of disciplines, this timely text/reference offers an in-depth survey of the state of the art in distributed camera networks. The book addresses a broad spectrum of critical issues in this highly interdisciplinary field: current challenges and future directions; video processing and video understanding; simulation, graphics, cognition and video networks; wireless video sensor networks, communications and control; embedded cameras and real-time video analysis; applications of distributed video networks; and educational opportunities and curriculum-development. Topics and features: presents an overview of research in areas of motion analysis, invariants, multiple cameras for detection, object tracking and recognition, and activities in video networks; provides real-world applications of distributed video networks, including force protection, wide area activities, port security, and recognition in night-time environments; describes the challenges in graphics and simulation, covering virtual vision, network security, human activities, cognitive architecture, and displays; examines issues of multimedia networks, registration, control of cameras (in simulations and real networks), localization and bounds on tracking; discusses system aspects of video networks, with chapters on providing testbed environments, data collection on activities, new integrated sensors for airborne sensors, face recognition, and building sentient spaces; investigates educational opportunities and curriculum development from the perspective of computer science and electrical engineering. This unique text will be of great interest to researchers and graduate students of computer vision and pattern recognition, computer graphics and simulation, image processing and embedded systems, and communications, networks and controls. The large number of example applications will also appeal to application engineers.
| Author | : Christopher Jorgen Taylor |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 69 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Artificial intelligence |
| ISBN | : |
In this thesis we present LaSLAT, a sensor network algorithm that uses range measurements between sensors and a moving target to simultaneously localize the sensors, calibrate sensing hardware, and recover the target's trajectory. LaSLAT is based on a Bayesian filter that updates a probability distribution over the parameters of interest as measurements arrive. The algorithm is distributable and requires a fixed amount of storage space with respect to the number of measurements it has incorporated. LaSLAT is easy to adapt to new types of hardware and new physical environments due to its use of intuitive probability distributions: one adaptation demonstrated in this thesis uses a mixture measurement model to detect and compensate for bad acoustic range measurements due to echoes. We present results from a centralized implementation of LaSLAT using a network of Cricket sensors. In both 2D and 3D networks, LaSLAT is able to localize sensors to within several centimeters of their ground truth positions while recovering a range measurement bias for each sensor and the complete trajectory of the mobile.
| Author | : Felipe Gonzalez Toro |
| Publisher | : MDPI |
| Total Pages | : 671 |
| Release | : 2018-03-05 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3038427535 |
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "UAV Sensors for Environmental Monitoring" that was published in Sensors
