Excerpt from A Treatise on Practical Astronomy: As Applied to Geodesy and Navigation The following work is designed as a text-book for universities and technical schools, and as a manual for the field astronomer. The author has not sought after originality, but has attempted to present in a systematic form the most approved methods in actual use at the present time. Each subject is developed as fully as the necessities of the case are likely to require; but as the work is designed to be a practical one, those methods and developments which have merely a theoretical or historic interest have been excluded. Very complete numerical examples are given illustrative of all the prominent subjects treated. These have been selected with care from records of work actually performed, and will show what may be expected in circumstances ordinarily favorable. Such auxiliary tables as are applicable only to special problems will be found in the body of the work: those which have a wider application are printed at the end of the volume. The universal employment of the method of Least Squares in work of this kind has led to the publication of an introduction to the subject for the benefit of those readers who are not already familiar with it. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.