A Study of Shielding Requirements for Manned Space Missions

A Study of Shielding Requirements for Manned Space Missions
Author: J. W. KELLER
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1
Release: 1961
Genre:
ISBN:

The ramifications on shielding of manned space vehicles of the intense radiation environment in space was investigated. The radiation environment is reviewed and the problem of selecting shield materials in view of this environment is treated. The results of preliminary calculations to determine requirements for shielding against Van Allen radiation and solar protons are given. These results indicate that for most missions (outside the heart of the inner Van Allen belt) exposure to solar protons will be the controlling factor in determination of shield weight, suggesting the possible use of two crew compartments - one for normal operations and a smaller, heavily shielded one for short-term occupancy following solar flares. (Author).

Shielding Strategies for Human Space Exploration

Shielding Strategies for Human Space Exploration
Author: John William Wilson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 496
Release: 1997
Genre: Extraterrestrial radiation
ISBN:

The purpose of the workshop was to define requirements for the development and evaluation of high performance shield materials and designs and to develop ideas regarding approaches to radiation shielding.

Managing Space Radiation Risk in the New Era of Space Exploration

Managing Space Radiation Risk in the New Era of Space Exploration
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 132
Release: 2008-05-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309185726

As part of the Vision for Space Exploration (VSE), NASA is planning for humans to revisit the Moon and someday go to Mars. An important consideration in this effort is protection against the exposure to space radiation. That radiation might result in severe long-term health consequences for astronauts on such missions if they are not adequately shielded. To help with these concerns, NASA asked the NRC to further the understanding of the risks of space radiation, to evaluate radiation shielding requirements, and recommend a strategic plan for developing appropriate mitigation capabilities. This book presents an assessment of current knowledge of the radiation environment; an examination of the effects of radiation on biological systems and mission equipment; an analysis of current plans for radiation protection; and a strategy for mitigating the risks to VSE astronauts.

Study of Heat Shielding Requirements for Manned Mars Landing and Return Missions

Study of Heat Shielding Requirements for Manned Mars Landing and Return Missions
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 15
Release: 1965
Genre:
ISBN:

Manned exploration missions to Mars may involve aerodynamic braking from hyperbolic approach speeds both at Mars and Earth. Atmospheric penetration at the anticipated approach velocities will subject entry vehicles to extreme thermal environments. The associated heat shielding requirements will be of major importance in selecting an optimum mission course. In the hyperbolic entry situation, complicated interactions exist among the aerothermal phenomena that are commonly neglected or at least treated independently. Significant advances in the aerothermal technology are required to ensure efficient and reliable heat-shield designs. The problem of defining thermal protection requirements for Mars-mission entry vehicles was studied by Lockheed Missiles Space Company for NASA under Contract NAS 2-1798. This report describes the scope of the study and briefly summarizes the principal results. A comprehensive review of the investigation is presented in the final report.

Revolutionary Concepts of Radiation Shielding for Human Exploration of Space

Revolutionary Concepts of Radiation Shielding for Human Exploration of Space
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 110
Release: 2018-06-15
Genre:
ISBN: 9781721147427

This Technical Memorandum covers revolutionary ideas for space radiation shielding that would mitigate mission costs while limiting human exposure, as studied in a workshop held at Marshall Space Flight Center at the request of NASA Headquarters. None of the revolutionary new ideas examined for the .rst time in this workshop showed clear promise. The workshop attendees felt that some previously examined concepts were de.nitely useful and should be pursued. The workshop attendees also concluded that several of the new concepts warranted further investigation to clarify their value. Adams, J. H., Jr. and Hathaway, D. H. and Grugel, R. N. and Watts, J. W. and Parnell, T. A. and Gregory, J. C. and Winglee, R. M. Marshall Space Flight Center

Space Safety and Human Performance

Space Safety and Human Performance
Author: Barbara G. Kanki
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Total Pages: 946
Release: 2017-11-10
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0081018703

Space Safety and Human Performance provides a comprehensive reference for engineers and technical managers within aerospace and high technology companies, space agencies, operators, and consulting firms. The book draws upon the expertise of the world’s leading experts in the field and focuses primarily on humans in spaceflight, but also covers operators of control centers on the ground and behavior aspects of complex organizations, thus addressing the entire spectrum of space actors. During spaceflight, human performance can be deeply affected by physical, psychological and psychosocial stressors. Strict selection, intensive training and adequate operational rules are used to fight performance degradation and prepare individuals and teams to effectively manage systems failures and challenging emergencies. The book is endorsed by the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS). 2019 PROSE Awards - Winner: Category: Engineering and Technology: Association of American Publishers Provides information on critical aspects of human performance in space missions Addresses the issue of human performance, from physical and psychosocial stressors that can degrade performance, to selection and training principles and techniques to enhance performance Brings together essential material on: cognition and human error; advanced analysis methods such as human reliability analysis; environmental challenges and human performance in space missions; critical human factors and man/machine interfaces in space systems design; crew selection and training; and organizational behavior and safety culture Includes an endorsement by the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS)