A Mathematical Gift, III

A Mathematical Gift, III
Author: Koji Shiga
Publisher: American Mathematical Society
Total Pages: 148
Release: 2005-07-18
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780821832844

This book brings the beauty and fun of mathematics to the classroom. It offers serious mathematics in a lively, reader-friendly style. Included are exercises and many figures illustrating the main concepts. The first chapter talks about the theory of manifolds. It includes discussion of smoothness, differentiability, and analyticity, the idea of local coordinates and coordinate transformation, and a detailed explanation of the Whitney imbedding theorem (both in weak and in strong form).The second chapter discusses the notion of the area of a figure on the plane and the volume of a solid body in space. It includes the proof of the Bolyai-Gerwien theorem about scissors-congruent polynomials and Dehn's solution of the Third Hilbert Problem. This is the third volume originating from a series of lectures given at Kyoto University (Japan). It is suitable for classroom use for high school mathematics teachers and for undergraduate mathematics courses in the sciences and liberal arts. The first and second volumes are available as Volume 19 and Volume 20 in the AMS series, ""Mathematical World"".

A Mathematical Gift, II

A Mathematical Gift, II
Author: Kenji Ueno
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 141
Release: 2003
Genre: Functions
ISBN: 0821832832

Three volumes originating from a series of lectures in mathematics given by professors of Kyoto University in Japan for high school students.

The Mathematics of Encryption

The Mathematics of Encryption
Author: Margaret Cozzens
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 355
Release: 2013-09-05
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0821883216

How quickly can you compute the remainder when dividing by 120143? Why would you even want to compute this? And what does this have to do with cryptography? Modern cryptography lies at the intersection of mathematics and computer sciences, involving number theory, algebra, computational complexity, fast algorithms, and even quantum mechanics. Many people think of codes in terms of spies, but in the information age, highly mathematical codes are used every day by almost everyone, whether at the bank ATM, at the grocery checkout, or at the keyboard when you access your email or purchase products online. This book provides a historical and mathematical tour of cryptography, from classical ciphers to quantum cryptography. The authors introduce just enough mathematics to explore modern encryption methods, with nothing more than basic algebra and some elementary number theory being necessary. Complete expositions are given of the classical ciphers and the attacks on them, along with a detailed description of the famous Enigma system. The public-key system RSA is described, including a complete mathematical proof that it works. Numerous related topics are covered, such as efficiencies of algorithms, detecting and correcting errors, primality testing and digital signatures. The topics and exposition are carefully chosen to highlight mathematical thinking and problem solving. Each chapter ends with a collection of problems, ranging from straightforward applications to more challenging problems that introduce advanced topics. Unlike many books in the field, this book is aimed at a general liberal arts student, but without losing mathematical completeness.

The Mathematics of Voting and Elections: A Hands-On Approach

The Mathematics of Voting and Elections: A Hands-On Approach
Author: Jonathan K. Hodge
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 255
Release: 2018-10-01
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1470442876

The Mathematics of Voting and Elections: A Hands-On Approach, Second Edition, is an inquiry-based approach to the mathematics of politics and social choice. The aim of the book is to give readers who might not normally choose to engage with mathematics recreationally the chance to discover some interesting mathematical ideas from within a familiar context, and to see the applicability of mathematics to real-world situations. Through this process, readers should improve their critical thinking and problem solving skills, as well as broaden their views of what mathematics really is and how it can be used in unexpected ways. The book was written specifically for non-mathematical audiences and requires virtually no mathematical prerequisites beyond basic arithmetic. At the same time, the questions included are designed to challenge both mathematical and non-mathematical audiences alike. More than giving the right answers, this book asks the right questions. The book is fun to read, with examples that are not just thought-provoking, but also entertaining. It is written in a style that is casual without being condescending. But the discovery-based approach of the book also forces readers to play an active role in their learning, which should lead to a sense of ownership of the main ideas in the book. And while the book provides answers to some of the important questions in the field of mathematical voting theory, it also leads readers to discover new questions and ways to approach them. In addition to making small improvements in all the chapters, this second edition contains several new chapters. Of particular interest might be Chapter 12 which covers a host of topics related to gerrymandering.

An Introduction to the History of Algebra

An Introduction to the History of Algebra
Author: Jacques Sesiano
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 187
Release: 2009
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 0821844733

Offers a basic introduction to the types of problems that illustrate the earliest forms of algebra. This book presents some significant steps in solving equations and, wherever applicable, to link these developments to the extension of the number system. It analyzes various examples of problems, with their typical solution methods.

Integer and Polynomial Algebra

Integer and Polynomial Algebra
Author: Kenneth R. Davidson
Publisher: American Mathematical Society
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2023-10-30
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1470473321

This book is a concrete introduction to abstract algebra and number theory. Starting from the basics, it develops the rich parallels between the integers and polynomials, covering topics such as Unique Factorization, arithmetic over quadratic number fields, the RSA encryption scheme, and finite fields. In addition to introducing students to the rigorous foundations of mathematical proofs, the authors cover several specialized topics, giving proofs of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, the transcendentality of $e$, and Quadratic Reciprocity Law. The book is aimed at incoming undergraduate students with a strong passion for mathematics.

Algebraic Geometry: Further study of schemes

Algebraic Geometry: Further study of schemes
Author: 健爾·上野
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 222
Release: 2003
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780821813584

This is the third part of the textbook on algebraic geometry by Kenji Ueno (the first two parts were published by the AMS as Volumes 185 and 197 of this series). Here the author presents the theory of schemes and sheaves beyond introductory notions, with the goal of studying properties of schemes and coherent sheaves necessary for full development of modern algebraic geometry. The main topics discussed in the book include dimension theory, flat and proper morphisms, regular schemes, smooth morphisms, completion and Zariski's main theorem. The author also presents the theory of algebraic curves and their Jacobians and the relation between algebraic and analytic geometry, including Kodaira's Vanishing Theorem. The book contains numerous exercises and problems with solutions, which makes it (together with two previous parts) appropriate for a graduate course on algebraic geometry or for self-study.

A Course of Modern Analysis

A Course of Modern Analysis
Author: E.T. Whittaker
Publisher: Courier Dover Publications
Total Pages: 624
Release: 2020-07-15
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 048684286X

Historic text by two great mathematicians consists of two parts, The Processes of Analysis and The Transcendental Functions. Geared toward students of analysis and historians of mathematics. 1920 third edition.

Poincare and the Three Body Problem

Poincare and the Three Body Problem
Author: June Barrow-Green
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
Total Pages: 294
Release: 1997
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 9780821803677

Poincare's famous memoir on the three body problem arose from his entry in the competition celebrating the 60th birthday of King Oscar of Sweden and Norway. His essay won the prize and was set up in print as a paper in Acta Mathematica when it was found to contain a deep and critical error. In correcting this error Poincare discovered mathematical chaos, as is now clear from June Barrow-Green's pioneering study of a copy of the original memoir annotated by Poincare himself, recently discovered in the Institut Mittag-Leffler in Stockholm. Poincare and the Three Body Problem opens with a discussion of the development of the three body problem itself and Poincare's related earlier work. The book also contains intriguing insights into the contemporary European mathematical community revealed by the workings of the competition. After an account of the discovery of the error and a detailed comparative study of both the original memoir and its rewritten version, the book concludes with an account of the final memoir's reception, influence and impact, and an examination of Poincare's subsequent highly influential work in celestial mechanics.