A Dynamic Roughness Equation and Its Application to Wind Stress Determination at the Air-sea Interface
Author | : Shih-Ang Hsu |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 5 |
Release | : 1974 |
Genre | : Boundary layer (Meteorology) |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Shih-Ang Hsu |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 5 |
Release | : 1974 |
Genre | : Boundary layer (Meteorology) |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Kenneth H. Brink |
Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
Total Pages | : 630 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9780674017405 |
Author | : Beverly J. Byars |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 122 |
Release | : 1985 |
Genre | : Drag (Aerodynamics) |
ISBN | : |
The dissipation method is used to obtain estimates for the friction velocity U sub *, as well as values for the neutral drag coefficient, CDN, for data collected from a coastal tower off San Diego, California. C sub DN is found to be independent of the ten-meter height windspeed, U sub 10, for velocities between 4-9 m/sec. Its value is estimated to be (0.94 + or - 0.4)1000 which compares well with values by Smith (1980) and Large and Pond (1981). Definite trends in C sub DN with fetch and sea state are also observed. Drag coefficient estimates are found to be higher for short fetch than for long fetch conditions. C sub DN is also seen to increase sharply just before frontal passages and during sea breeze conditions when the waves are actively growing. With the windspeed and wave field reaching equilibrium, C sub DN is found to decrease with time to a smaller and more constant value. (Author).
Author | : G.J. Komen |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 265 |
Release | : 2012-12-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9400923090 |
Ten years ago, de Loor and co-workers at TNO, The Netherlands, were the first to report bottom topography patterns in real aperture radar (RAR) images of the southern North Sea. At that time, this was a real puzzle. The skin depth of microwaves for sea water is only of the order of centimeters while the sea bottom is about 20 meters below the surface. Electromagnetic radiation therefore cannot probe the bottom directly. Similar phenomena were found in radar imagery from SEASAT and SIR-AlB synthetic aperture radars (SAR's) of Nantucket Shoals, the English Channel and many other coastal areas. Since then theory and ocean field experiments (Le., Phelps Bank, Georgia Straits, SARSEX, TOWARD, FASINEX, etc.) have advanced our understanding considerably. We now know that these surface signatures are the results of surface currents, perturbed by the bottom topography, which refract the propagation and modulate the energy of (short) surface waves so as to cause microwave backscatter power variations. Hence, any large scale ocean features containing nonuniform surface currents (i.e. internal waves, eddies, fronts, etc.) will cause similar manifestations in the radar imagery by means of current-wave-microwave interactions. Observations confirm this.
Author | : G.L. Geernaert |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 344 |
Release | : 2013-11-11 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9400920695 |
During the Conference on Air-Sea Interaction in January 1986, it was suggested to me by David Larner of Reidel Press that it may be timely for an updated compendium of air-sea interaction theory to be organized, developed, and published. Many new results were emerging at the time, i.e., results from the MARSEN, MASEX, MILDEX, and TOWARD field projects (among others) were in the process of being reported and/or published. Further, a series of new experiments such as FASINEX and HEXOS were soon to be conducted in which new strides in our knowledge of air-sea fluxes would be made. During the year following the discussions with David Larner, it became apparent that many of the advances in air-sea interaction theory during the 1970s and 1980s were associated with sponsor investments in satellite oceanography and, in particular, remote sensing research. Since ocean surface remote sensing, e.g., scatterometry and SAR, requires intimate knowledge of ocean surface dynamics, advances in remote sensing capabilities required coordinated research in air-sea fluxes, wave state, scattering theory, sensor design, and data exploitation using environmental models. Based on this interplay of disciplines, it was decided that this book be devoted to air sea interaction and remote sensing as multi-disciplinary activities.
Author | : |
Publisher | : Academic Press |
Total Pages | : 509 |
Release | : 1990-01-23 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0080564054 |
Advances in Applied Mechanics
Author | : Dennis James Whitford |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 238 |
Release | : 1988 |
Genre | : Banks (Oceanography) |
ISBN | : |
Previous investigations of longshore currents have included simplifying assumptions and restriction (such as a planar beach, a steady and depth uniform flow, spatially-variant bed shear stress and turbulent momentum exchange, and the exclusion of surface wind stress. These assumptions are quantitatively investigated by calculating the relative importance of each term in the longshore momentum balance with an emphasis on the relative importance of wind forcing across the barred nearshore. Wind and wave forcing of longshore currents across a barred beach are examined using both a numerical model and field measurements. A local momentum balance was measured at various locations across the surf zone during the SUPERDUCK experiment held at the USACE CERC Field Research Facility, Duck, N.C. in October 1986. A moveable sled was instrumented with pressure, current, and wind sensors to measure the various terms in the longshore momentum equation. Stability-dependent atmospheric drag coefficients for the surf zone are determined from wind stress measurements acquired just beyond the surf zone and wind speed measurements acquired from an anemometer atop the 9 m sled mast. Breaking waves were visually identified and electronically marked on the data tapes. Keywords: Ocean currents; Air water interactions; Nearshore surf zone; Wind stress; Theses. (EDC).