23rd European Symposium On Computer Aided Process Engineering
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| Author | : |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 1085 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0444632417 |
Computer-aided process engineering (CAPE) plays a key design and operations role in the process industries, from the molecular scale through managing complex manufacturing sites. The research interests cover a wide range of interdisciplinary problems related to the current needs of society and industry. ESCAPE 23 brings together researchers and practitioners of computer-aided process engineering interested in modeling, simulation and optimization, synthesis and design, automation and control, and education. The proceedings present and evaluate emerging as well as established research methods and concepts, as well as industrial case studies. - Contributions from the international community using computer-based methods in process engineering - Reviews the latest developments in process systems engineering - Emphasis on industrial and societal challenges
| Author | : Laurence Tock |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128085606 |
In the context of greenhouse gas emissions mitigation, CO2 capture and storage is regarded as a promising alternative for fossil fuel fed power plants. In order to design and evaluate the competitiveness of such complex integrated energy conversion systems, a systematic comparison including thermodynamic, economic and environmental considerations is necessary. From a process engineering perspective, it is important to evaluate the impact of CO2 capture not only on the efficiency but also on the costs and on the environmental impacts, and to assess the trade-offs. This paper presents the development of a systematic thermo-environomic optimisation strategy for the consistent modelling, comparison and optimisation of fuel decarbonisation options. In particular, it is highlighted how the economic scenario influences the competitiveness and hence the optimal process design.
| Author | : Jian-Guo Wang |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 18 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128085436 |
The plant input variables are transformed into the derived variables, which are physically and statistically meaningful for modeling. Then, this study proposed an adaptive modeling approach by employing nonnegative garrote variable selection and auto-regression integrated moving average correction. The high accuracy of the proposed modeling approaches makes the implementation of the model-based control of ratio of air to fuel for improving boiler's efficiency readily practicable.
| Author | : Marina Fedorova |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128086289 |
This work focuses on the development of a computer-aided modeling framework. The framework is a knowledge-based system that is built on a generic modeling language and structured on workflows for different modeling tasks. The overall objective of this work is to support model developers and users to generate and test models systematically, efficiently and reliably. In this way, development of products and processes can be made faster, cheaper and more efficient. In this contribution, as part of the framework a generic modeling template for the systematic derivation of problem specific catalytic membrane fixed bed reactor models is presented. The application of the modeling template is highlighted with a case study related to the modeling of a catalytic membrane reactor coupling dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene with hydrogenation of nitrobenzene.
| Author | : Jialin Liu |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 17 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128086246 |
Isolating faulty variables is a crucial step during the determination of the root causes of a process fault. Contribution plots, with their corresponding control limits, are the most popular tools used for isolating faulty variables. However, the isolation results may be misled by the smearing effect. In addition, the control limits of the contributions cannot be used to isolate faulty variables, since the control limits are obtained from the normal operating data, which lack any information about the faults. In chemical processes, process faults rarely show a random behavior; on the contrary, they will be propagated to varying variables due to the actions of the process controllers. During the evolution of a fault, the task of isolating faulty variables needs to be concerned with the faulty variables decided in the previous data; in addition, the current decisions should influence the isolation results for the next sample when the fault is constantly occurring. In the presented work, an unsupervised data-driven fault isolation method was developed based on Bayesian decision theory. The Tennessee Eastman (TE) process was used as a benchmark example to demonstrate how the different faulty variables were isolated when the fault was evolving.
| Author | : Weifeng Chen |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 17 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128086416 |
Real-time optimization (RTO) has become a standard practice to improve production benefits during the past years. The efficiency of solving optimization problems is critical because a large computational delay leads to the possible loss of validity and availability of RTO. In this study, the Mnemonic Enhancement Optimization (MEO) strategy of initialization for RTO has been extended by taking advantage of optimal sensitivity. The approximation precision and the solution information database accumulation efficiency of the proposed sensitivity-based MEO are briefly analyzed. The numerical results tested with a high-pressure column of a cryogenic air separation unit were in agreement with the theoretical analysis.
| Author | : Johannes Jung |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 17 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128086556 |
Environmental process design methods often incorporate life-cycle assessment (LCA) as a deterministic black-box methodology. However, LCA suffers from several sources of ambiguity and uncertainty. These limitations are particularly severe for the multi-functional processes typical for the chemical industry. This work introduces a rigorous uncertainty assessment framework. The framework quantifies data uncertainties and also uncertainties that result from fixing multi-functionality in LCA by allocation. The method is derived from a matrix-framework for LCA and applied to a comparison of alternative chlorine electrolysis technologies.
| Author | : Kazuhiro Takeda |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 15 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128086009 |
Uncontrolled changes caused many accidents or disasters. Management of change (MOC) has been a very important issue in process safety management. In this paper, it is considered that MOC is divided to two parts: one is individual change management and the other is management of them. Individual change management is an instance of engineering over the plant lifecycle (Plant-LCE), however a business flow of MOC has been hardly discussed. A business flow of MOC is expected to be based on a business process model (BPM) of Plant-LCE. The logical process safety management based on a BPM of Plant-LCE has been proposed. However the BPM is dispersed and too detailed for precisely. Therefore, an overview for the BPM of Plant-LCE has been proposed. Using an individual change management example, this paper shows that a business flow of the MOC can be described in the overview of the BPM of Plant-LCE.
| Author | : Seungnam Kim |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 17 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128085657 |
High purity methane gas from bio-gas has been magnified as an alternative source of energy recently. Gas above 95% purity can be used as fuel for transportation, however only gas above 97% purity can be distributed via pipe lines for domestic usage. Price of 97% purity gas for domestic gas is much higher than 95% purity gas that is used only for transportation, however recovery of methane gas in the process is lower. Purity and recovery of the product is determined by operating procedures. Thus, several researchers are setting their goal to improve profit by controlling operating procedures. Among upgrading processes, the Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) is suitable for separation of high purity methane gas in terms of economics. In this study, as step-time in the PSA has huge effect in the entire process, the optimal step-time for maximizing profit is evaluated in the bio-gas upgrading process using PSA. Especially the relation between profit and steptime is taken into consideration. Before optimization, a 4-step PSA model has been built on physics and chemistry theoretical basis. The developed model is also simulated using dynamic simulation software. After that, optimal step-time for maximizing profit is calculated by optimization method.
| Author | : Siyu Yang |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Inc. Chapters |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 2013-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128086475 |
A framework is proposed for sustainability study of coal based chemical and energy processes. Comprehensive analysis from efficiency, energy, economic, and environment perspectives. Process modelling, synthesis, and life cycle analysis, are conducted. Based on these multi-layer analyses, optimization is applied to explore for new process innovation and existing process modification. The analysis is illustrated with two case studies. The first case is the coal based methanol production process, which environmental impacts were investigated in a life cycle assessment. The second case is the co-production of electricity and methanol, in which key parameters are designed by mutual optimisation of energy efficiency and economic cost.
